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1. 题目: Evolution of the photosensitized production of singlet oxygen by aqueous extracts of biomass-burning aerosol.
文章编号: N26080705
期刊: Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts
作者: Daniel Bonomo, Ryan C Sullivan
更新时间: 2026-08-07
摘要: Biomass-burning aerosol (BBA) is emitted by combustion through wildfires and prescribed burns. As BBA contains chromophoric brown carbon, this aerosol increases radiative forcing and drives particle-phase photochemistry such as generation of singlet oxygen (1O2) via photosensitization. By generating 1O2, BBA could contribute to oxidation of atmospheric aerosol constituents and facilitate photobleaching of its brown carbon. Little is known regarding the quantum yield for 1O2 production in the aqueous dissolved fraction of BBA, or the variability of 1O2 production between biomass fuel types and other factors. In this study, the quantum yield of 1O2 photosensitization in aqueous BBA extracts during UVA light exposure was determined using the molecular probe furfuryl alcohol. Quantum yields of 1O2 formation ranged from 1.2-3.4%, and BBA generated by wax myrtle was found to have a significantly higher quantum yield than five other biomass fuels, indicating a possible significant dependence on fuel type in some cases. These values lie in a similar range observed for aquatic dissolved organic matter (DOM), where 1O2 production plays an important role in the fate of aquatic contaminants. No dependence on fuel type was observed in measured BBA steady-state 1O2 concentrations or rates of light absorption. The quantum yield of 1O2 was negatively correlated with absorption at 254 and 300 nm, but no other optical index was found to correlate with 1O2 production. Additionally, dynamic changes to the UV-vis absorption spectrum indicated that optical indices used to predict size and aromaticity of aqueous DOM do not apply to BBA extracts. These results emphasize the importance of BBA photosensitization as an aerosol-phase source of 1O2 decoupled from gas-phase atmospheric oxidants. BBA thus plays a role similar to DOM photosensitization in the aqueous environment, despite differences in their formation, chemical composition, and photochemical properties.

2. 题目: Indigenous Bacteria Synergistically Degrade Indigo Dye in Textile Wastewater via Enzymes and EPS
文章编号: N26080704
期刊: Clean - Soil Air Water
作者: Asma Boulehsa, Nadjla Chaib, Zine Eddine Boudjellab, Sidi Mohammed El Amine Abi‐Ayad, Dalel Daâssi, Mohamed Ali Masmoudi, Mohamed Chamkha
更新时间: 2026-08-07
摘要: Textile dye effluents pose a significant environmental concern due to their persistence, toxicity, and limited amenability to conventional treatment processes. Among these, indigo dye, widely used in denim manufacturing, is particularly resistant to degradation and contributes substantially to aquatic pollution. In this study, indigenous bacterial strains isolated from industrial effluents and contaminated soils were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Bacillus thuringiensis , and Bacillus cereus on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Physicochemical analysis of the textile wastewater revealed pronounced alkalinity, high salinity, and a substantial organic load. Under optimized conditions, individual strains achieved up to 97% decolorization within 24 h, whereas the constructed consortium reached 99%, indicating a clear synergistic effect. Spectroscopic analyses (UV–Vis and FTIR), together with liquid chromatography (LC)–mass spectrometry (MS), confirmed the transformation of indigo into more polar metabolites, supporting biodegradation rather than simple adsorption. Mechanistically, dye removal appears to involve a coupled process of enzymatic oxidation (laccase and protease activity) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS)‐mediated bioflocculation. The EPS matrix, dominated by proteins (P/C ≈ 1.98), likely enhanced pollutant capture and improved substrate accessibility, thereby increasing degradation efficiency. Importantly, validation in a 5 L fluidized bed bioreactor using real textile effluent demonstrated the robustness and scalability of the system. Overall, these findings underscore the promise of indigenous microbial consortia as effective, low‐cost, and environmentally sustainable solutions for textile wastewater treatment.

3. 题目: Mo2C-Induced Adsorbed Sulfate Radicals Mitigate Surface Carbon Accumulation and Enhance Pollutant Mineralization
文章编号: N26080703
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Jiayi Wang, Haobo Ma, Jianlong Wang, Zhiyan Liang, Zhuan Chen, Mingyang Xing
更新时间: 2026-08-07
摘要: The design of conventional heterogeneous catalysts for advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) predominantly targets pollutant removal efficiency, often overlooking precise control over oxidation pathways and the crucial capability for complete mineralization. This oversight can lead to the misleading accumulation of degradation intermediates on catalyst surfaces via the organic carbon transfer process (OCTP), rather than their true mineralization. Herein, we constructed an iron-loaded molybdenum carbide catalyst (Fe–Mo2C) and demonstrated its superior performance in the peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation system for the efficient mineralization of organic pollutants, compared to a high-surface-area Fe–Fe3C catalyst. Despite its lower specific surface area (88.9 vs 321.9 m2/g) and adsorption capacity, the Fe–Mo2C/PMS system achieved a chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency of 1.08 mg/L per mg PMS, which is 3.5 times higher than that of the Fe–Fe3C/PMS system (0.309 mg/L per mg PMS). Mechanistic investigations revealed that the Mo2C substrate facilitates the rapid reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+, thereby promoting the generation of surface-adsorbed sulfate radicals (SO4•–). These adsorbed radicals, confirmed through fluoride-ion-mediated desorption experiments and density functional theory calculations, are identified as the key species responsible for deep oxidation while effectively suppressing OCTP. This work challenges the conventional paradigm that prioritizes high surface area in catalyst design and highlights the pivotal role of adsorbed radicals in achieving efficient mineralization, providing a new strategic direction for developing advanced oxidation technologies for sustainable water remediation.

4. 题目: Compost-derived humins for selective heavy metal adsorption: A waste-to-resource green adsorbent for multi-metal remediation
文章编号: N26080702
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Weiye Tao, Yinan Cao, Kangyue Zhang, Bingqi Shen, Hongyu Yang, Yue Zhao, Zimin Wei, Caihong Song
更新时间: 2026-08-07
摘要: Compost-derived humins (HUM), a stable and carbon-rich byproduct of organic waste stabilization, were evaluated as green adsorbent for selective heavy metal removal in multi-metal systems. Moving from single-solute to competitive multi-metal systems, we evaluated HUM performance under increasing complexity to understand competitive adsorption behavior. Kinetic analysis combined with competitive adsorption experiments, revealed that HUM exhibited superior selective affinity for Pb(II) over Cd(II) and Cu(II), maintaining high removal efficiency even in the presence of competing ions. The maximum adsorption capacity for Pb(II) reached 242.41 ± 6.23 mg/g, significantly higher than that for Cu(II) and Cd(II). Advanced spectroscopic characterization (FTIR, XPS) and molecular-level interfacial analysis demonstrated that oxygen-containing functional groups, especially carboxyl and hydroxyl groups, enabled selective Pb(II) adsorption via inner-sphere complexation. Competitive adsorption and ion exchange experiments further confirmed that Pb(II) preferentially occupied binding sites, contributing 65.76% of total adsorption in ternary systems. A preliminary life-cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis revealed that HUM production reduced greenhouse gas emissions by approximately 62% and production costs by approximately 58% compared to commercial activated carbon, supporting its potential as a sustainable alternative for multi-metal remediation. This work not only elucidates the mechanisms of selective metal immobilization by compost-derived HUM but also supports a waste-to-resource strategy.

5. 题目: Contrasting fates of detritus in mangrove sediments: Microbial trade‐offs between carbon storage and greenhouse gas emissions
文章编号: N26080701
期刊: Limnology and Oceanography
作者: Yuxing Hu, Qi Chen, Xiaomeng Wang, Yihua Cai, Guangyi Su, Yunxuan Li, Chen He, Quan Shi, Zekun Zhang, Ding He, Christian Lønborg, Nianzhi Jiao, Qiang Zheng
更新时间: 2026-08-07
摘要: Mangroves are known as important carbon storage hotspots, yet their net climate benefit can be offset by large greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, we conducted a 1‐yr in situ incubation coupled with high‐resolution molecular and microbial analyses to elucidate the fate of two major types of mangrove detritus, including leaves ( Kandelia obovata and Sonneratia apetala ) and macroalgae ( Ulva prolifera ), via microbial metabolism. Approximately 50% of the added organic carbon from both sources was mineralized to CO 2 , while 7.5% (leaves) and 9.7% (macroalgae) were emitted as methane (CH 4 ). Around 33.8% of the leaf‐derived and 2.1% of the macroalgae‐derived organic carbon contributed to longer‐term carbon storage. CH 4 emissions from leaf litter offset approximately 11.1% of the net ecosystem productivity and were positively correlated with molecular formulas assigned to the aliphatic‐like group and with sulfur‐ and phosphorus‐containing molecular formulas. CH 4 production was initially dominated by methylotrophic methanogenesis (mostly Methanolobus ), followed by more diverse pathways associated with Methanosarcina . Our results demonstrate that different types of mangrove detritus have distinct effects on sediment biogeochemistry and greenhouse gas emissions and highlight the need to account for both CO 2 and CH 4 emissions when assessing the climate benefits of mangrove ecosystems.

6. 题目: Contributions of Vegetation Restoration to Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration in Deserts of China: A Meta‐Analysis
文章编号: N26080414
期刊: Land Degradation & Development
作者: Benmo Li, Dong Wang, Yujie Xue, Jihua Hou, Jingwen Li
更新时间: 2026-08-04
摘要: Vegetation restoration has been widely used to curb desertification in northern and central desert shifting sandy lands of China. However, the general pattern, variability, and drivers of its effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) remain unclear. Here, we conducted a meta‐analysis by synthesizing 332 paired observations from 32 publications to quantify the effects of vegetation restoration on SOC and to examine whether they were regulated by restoration characteristics (methods and durations) and edaphic‐climatic conditions in northern and central desert shifting sandy lands of China. Overall, vegetation restoration significantly increased SOC in shifting sandy lands at the regional scale, but the magnitude of SOC responses varied across restoration methods, restoration durations, soil depths, and desertification types. In particular, it was greatest in tree‐planted areas compared to other vegetation restoration methods, followed by shrub‐planted, herb‐sown, and enclosed areas; it displayed a positive relationship with restoration duration. We preliminarily found that SOC responses were stronger in surface soil and deep subsoil, while relatively weaker in middle soil layers. In addition, SOC was most pronounced in deserts, followed by degraded grassland, transitional zone, and desert steppe types. Random forest modeling and structural equation modeling revealed that soil sand fraction was the primary driver of SOC responses, followed by mean annual precipitation and restoration method. Soil physical properties (e.g., sand fraction, bulk density) were closely associated with SOC responses, while climate factors and restoration duration exerted indirect correlative influences on SOC responses via modifying soil physical properties. Overall, our study illuminated the divergent multidimensional responses of SOC to vegetation restoration in shifting sandy lands in northern and central Chinese desert shifting sandy lands and identified soil sand fraction and mean annual precipitation as the major regulatory factors of SOC responses. These findings can provide a fundamental basis for achieving coordinated advancement of regional desertification control and national carbon neutrality goals.

7. 题目: Soil Humic Substances and Root Exudates: Key Factors Modulating Cadmium Mobility in Paddy Soils Under Organic Fertilization
文章编号: N26080413
期刊: Land Degradation & Development
作者: Liyu Yang, Pan Wu, Wentao Yang, Yonglin Chen, Haonan Jing
更新时间: 2026-08-04
摘要: Cadmium (Cd) contamination in paddy fields poses a high potential risk of environmental exposure. Organic fertilizer application can promote the efflux of rice root exudates, increase soil organic matter, and induce changes in Cd activity in rice fields. However, the coupled effects of organic inputs and rhizosphere processes on Cd speciation at the rice root–soil interface (RSI) remain unclear. Here, the results show that organic fertilization reorganizes Cd partitioning primarily between acid‐extractable and oxidizable pools, and the direction and magnitude of change are set by rhizosphere regulation rather than bulk‐soil responses. Rhizosphere soil pH was consistently lower than that of non‐rhizosphere soil (by 0.05–1.35 units), coinciding with elevated acid‐extractable Cd during key growth stages, indicating that root‐driven acidification can enhance Cd activity. Structural equation modeling further identified contrasting roles of soil organic phases. Humic acid reduced Cd bioavailability, whereas root‐derived low‐molecular‐weight organic acids and fulvic acid favored it. This finding reveals that Cd risk in paddy fields is not simply determined by the application of organic fertilizers, but rather depends on the fertilizer type and the relative strength of organic matter sequestration and rhizosphere processes at the RSI. Overall, organic fertilization exerts dual effects on the RSI, with the regulation of rice root activity often playing a more important role than Cd chelation by organic matter. These processes constitute a balanced mechanism governing Cd migration in the RSI. These results bridge the critical knowledge gap regarding the factors influencing Cd bioavailability in rice paddies in the rhizosphere under organic fertilizer application.

8. 题目: Coupled and decoupled carbon-mercury dynamics across forest ecosystem continua
文章编号: N26080412
期刊: Nature Communications
作者: Chaoyue Chen, Jen-How Huang, Xuewu Fu, Stefan Osterwalder, Kai Li, Björn Berg, Xun Wang, Wei Yuan, Guangyi Sun, Hui Zhang, Achilleas Psomas, Peter Waldner, Nina Buchmann, Christine Alewell, Xinbin Feng
更新时间: 2026-08-04
摘要: Carbon sustains life, whereas mercury is a global toxin, yet their cycling in forests appears to be intimately linked. Here we show, using elemental stoichiometry, carbon and mercury isotopes and a global forest synthesis, that forests simultaneously couple and decouple mercury from carbon along contrasting ecosystem continua. Mercury/carbon ratios remain tightly conserved (0.5–0.9 × 10−6) along the aqueous-phase continuum, indicating proportional mercury transport with dissolved organic carbon. In comparison, mercury/carbon ratios increase by nearly three orders of magnitude from the atmosphere to soils (0.007–3.6 × 10−6) along the solid-phase continuum, reflecting progressive mercury enrichment during litter and soil organic matter decomposition. Standing litter acts concurrently as a net carbon source and mercury sink, whereas biomass regulates coupled carbon and mercury storage and litterfall deposition. These contrasting carbon-mercury trajectories reveal how forests both retain and redistribute atmospheric mercury and provide a conceptual framework for understanding terrestrial mercury cycling under environmental change.

9. 题目: Greenhouse Gas Flux Response in Biochar‐ and Compost‐Amended Lawn Soils Under Simulated Water Saturation Conditions
文章编号: N26080411
期刊: Clean - Soil Air Water
作者: Angel Salinas, Chu‐Lin Cheng, Engil Pereira, Rafael M Almeida, James Jihoon Kang
更新时间: 2026-08-04
摘要: Understanding greenhouse gas emission dynamics in lawn soils is important for improving climate change mitigation strategies in urban and suburban landscapes. In this greenhouse mesocosm study, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ), and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) fluxes were measured from 12 turfgrass soil columns arranged in an unreplicated, completely randomized 4 × 3 factorial design. Four amendment treatments (biochar, compost, bio‐com [1:1 volume ratio of biochar and compost], and unamended control) were combined with three water‐table conditions (full saturation, half saturation, and unsaturated), with a single column representing each treatment combination. Columns were irrigated at 1 cm day −1 for 24 days, followed by 14 days of contrasting water‐table conditions and a 25‐day drying period without irrigation. When averaged across all water‐table conditions, compost‐amended columns (compost or bio‐com) produced higher CO 2 fluxes (∼6 µmol m −2 s −1 ) than biochar‐amended and control columns (4.5–5.0 µmol m −2 s −1 ). CO 2 fluxes were positively correlated with air temperature and negatively correlated with soil moisture. Biochar‐amended columns maintained high soil moisture (∼95%) throughout the study, demonstrating its greater moisture retention than compost‐amended columns (<23%). During saturation and subsequent drainage, CH 4 fluxes peaked at 324 nmol m −2 s −1 , whereas N 2 O fluxes exhibited a transient pulse, reaching 5–8 nmol m −2 s −1 . Overall, amendment type and temperature primarily regulated CO 2 emissions, whereas water‐table conditions had a stronger influence on CH 4 emissions and the occurrence of N 2 O emission pulses.

10. 题目: Convection injects labile particulate organic carbon to the deep ocean
文章编号: N26080410
期刊: Science Advances
作者: Martí Galí, María Andrea Orihuela-García, Yohan Ruprich-Robert, Vladimir Lapin, María Sánchez-Urrea, Marcos Fontela, Joan Llort, Valentina Sicardi, Raffaele Bernardello
更新时间: 2026-08-04
摘要: Vertical fluxes of particulate organic carbon (POC) are central to the oceanic carbon cycle, yet the role and interannual variability of convective POC transport remain poorly constrained. Autonomous profilers drifting in the Labrador and Irminger Seas detected recurrent winter-spring chlorophyll a fluorescence peaks at 1000 meters during intense convection in 2014–2017. The bio-optical properties of the particles indicate deep mixing of surface POC rich in labile phytoplanktonic material, distinct from both background suspended particles and sinking aggregates. Model simulations show that the mixing-driven POC supply to the deep ocean (500 to 2000 meters) scales with convection volume ( R 2 ≈ 0.88) and is typically dominated by planktonic biomass. According to the model, vertical mixing regionally contributes ∼33 to 44% of the combined POC supply from mixing and sinking to the 500 to 2000–meter layer during strong convection years. These convective injection episodes likely reshape deep-ocean carbon budgets by enhancing metabolism and driving lateral exports, linking upper-ocean dynamics to deep-ocean water masses and ecosystems.

11. 题目: Impact of Seasonal Waterlogging on Organic Carbon Stabilisation and Microbial Communities in Cultivated Mineral Soils
文章编号: N26080409
期刊: European Journal of Soil Science
作者: Reija Kronberg, Jonna E Teikari, Ezekiel Bore, Henna Kekkonen, Sanna Kanerva, Markku Koskinen, Kristiina Karhu, Aino Seppänen, Tuomas Mattila, Jussi Heinonsalo, Mari Pihlatie
更新时间: 2026-08-04
摘要: Waterlogging of aerobic soils can induce microbially catalysed reductive dissolution of iron oxides and the subsequent mobilisation of associated carbon. Additionally, the resulting shift in microbial metabolism and community structure may eventually affect the accrual of microbially derived carbon into soils. It remains, however, unknown whether temporary anaerobic conditions significantly influence soil carbon cycling in cultivated boreal mineral soils, which are increasingly prone to off‐season waterlogging due to climate change. We investigated the effects of off‐season waterlogging on carbon–mineral associations and microbial carbon immobilisation and community structure in a 1.5‐year greenhouse experiment conducted with intact soil profiles (monoliths) from two agricultural fields in southern Finland. The experiment comprised three cycles of alternating warm growing seasons and cold off‐seasons. Spring barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) was cultivated in all monoliths for the growing seasons, while Tall Fescue ( Festuca Arundinacea ) was under‐sown into half of them as an overwintering cover crop. During the off‐seasons, half of the monoliths were subjected to waterlogging for 7 weeks. We found that waterlogging induced shifts in microbial communities favouring anaerobic taxa capable of iron reduction. Despite this, repeated waterlogging had no significant impact on the iron‐associated or the total mineral‐associated carbon, nor the microbial residue carbon content in either soil. However, waterlogging reduced belowground carbon inputs by limiting cover crop root growth in the subsoil. Overall, our findings suggest that off‐season waterlogging of cultivated mineral soils in a cold humid climate does not compromise their ability to stabilise carbon in mineral‐associated forms.

12. 题目: Molecular Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter in Produced Water from Heavy Oil Recovery under Varied Oil Recovery Displacement Strategies
文章编号: N26080408
期刊: ACS ES&T Water
作者: Nuerguli Latipu, Yuguo Li, Chen He, Na Li, Yunyun Li, Peng Liang, Quan Shi
更新时间: 2026-08-04
摘要: This study employed gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and high-resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry to characterize the molecular composition of dissolved organic matter in produced waters from both heavy and conventional crude oil reservoirs subjected to various displacement strategies, including water flooding, carbon dioxide flooding, steam stimulation, steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD), in situ combustion, and polymer flooding. Heavy-oil produced waters had higher dissolved organic carbon concentrations and greater polarity than conventional produced waters. For nonpolar to weakly polar fraction, phenolic and nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds predominated in steam stimulation and SAGD produced waters, whereas alkanes were the dominant compounds in produced waters from other displacement methods, particularly with a higher proportion of high-carbon-number alkanes in heavy oil samples. Analysis of polar components revealed that acidic oxygen-containing compounds in heavy oil produced water contained a higher degree of oxidation, with thermal processes generating highly condensed species. Basic nitrogen-containing compounds displayed higher aromaticity and condensation, and their distribution was distinctly governed by process conditions. Furthermore, polypropylene glycol ether compounds, originating from exogenous chemical additives, were detected in all produced water samples except those from in situ combustion. This finding provides fundamental molecular data to support the development and optimization of treatment processes for oilfield produced water.

13. 题目: Soluble Organic Matters Recovery from Municipal Wastewater: Activated Carbon Adsorption and Volatile Fatty Acids Generation via In Situ Alkaline Anaerobic Fermentation
文章编号: N26080407
期刊: ACS ES&T Water
作者: Yanyan Zhang, Hui Gong, Kaijun Wang, Xiaohu Dai
更新时间: 2026-08-04
摘要: Conventional carbon redirection strategies poorly utilize soluble organic matter (SOM). This study proposes an innovative integrated method featuring activated carbon (AC) adsorption, followed by desorption and in situ alkaline anaerobic fermentation, for SOM valorization into volatile fatty acids (VFAs). Among the evaluated materials, 7# AC exhibited the most promising performance due to its unique pore size distribution and balance between adsorption and subsequent processing. In synthetic wastewater trials, alkaline conditions (pH 10.0–12.0) enhanced desorption (15.9–58.1% recovery). Crucially, integrating desorption with in situ fermentation at pH 11.0 propelled the recovery rate to 89.8% (127.3 mg VFA/g chemical oxygen demand [COD]). In real municipal wastewater treatment using 7# AC, a 3 h adsorption period was sufficient to reach equilibrium, achieving a cumulative capacity of 299 mg COD/g over multiple cycles. Subsequent desorption and in situ alkaline fermentation at pH 12 yielded 113.0 mg VFA/g COD. This integrated approach was robustly verified using synthetic and real wastewater, demonstrating stable performance in SOM recovery and VFA generation, which provides a concrete experimental basis for sustainable organic resource recovery from municipal wastewater.

14. 题目: Fe(III)-(II) Mineral Transformation and Associated Organic Matter Stabilization Processes in a Tidal Marsh Soil
文章编号: N26080406
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Jan Jagode, Jannis F Carstens, Hamed Kashi, Dörthe Holthusen, Kevin Tran, Heiner Fleige, Jana Carus, Elmar Fuchs, Franz Renz, Sandra Spielvogel, Georg Guggenberger
更新时间: 2026-08-04
摘要: Iron (Fe) minerals are key agents in organic carbon (OC) stabilization in soils, yet their function under fluctuating redox conditions in tidal marshes remains poorly constrained, particularly for Fe(II) phases. We conducted a six-month in situ incubation of synthetic mineral aggregates along a tidal marsh profile of the Elbe River, Germany, to examine Fe(III)–Fe(II) mineral interactions with OC under dynamic redox conditions. Membrane cylinders containing synthetic ferrihydrite, siderite, or pyrite aggregates with clay and sand were installed at four depths (15–60 cm). A subset received sorbed 13C-labeled reed (Phragmites australis) as dissolved and particulate organic matter to trace OC retention and redistribution. Sequential Fe extraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy showed progressive reduction of ferrihydrite and concurrent formation of siderite in deeper, anoxic layers. Organic matter enhanced Fe(III) reduction and modulated mineral transformation in reducing zones to Fe(II) minerals. In oxic horizons, ferrihydrite stabilized added reed-derived OC through classical surface sorption, while siderite and pyrite retained comparable or higher fractions of mineral-associated OC in deeper, anoxic horizons, primarily within the aggregate, with partial redistribution to surrounding soil. These results demonstrate that Fe(II) minerals non-negligibly contribute to OC stabilization under reducing conditions, a mechanism likely to intensify with ongoing sea-level rise.

15. 题目: Detrital Inputs Regulate Condensed Aromatic Carbon Persistence in Forest Soils
文章编号: N26080405
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Xinyue Shen, Gege Yin, Yi-Wen Cao, Zongxiao Zhang, Huiyuan Lu, Ying-Hui Wang, Richard D Bowden, Isla Wrightson, Myrna J Simpson, Kate Lajtha, Junjian Wang
更新时间: 2026-08-04
摘要: Condensed aromatic carbon (ConAC) is widely recognized as a chemically recalcitrant component of soil organic matter. However, its stock and potential transformation into dissolved condensed aromatic carbon (dConAC) in forest soils may be altered in response to environmental changes that alter forest litter production. Using three decades of detrital input and removal treatments in a temperate forest, we investigated bulk ConAC and dConAC in soil profiles with the benzene polycarboxylic acid method. Doubling litter inputs (Double Litter) did not increase ConAC content or stocks, but instead promoted ConAC oxidation to dConAC in surface soils (0–10 cm), evidenced by the higher benzene hexacarboxylic acid-to-benzene pentacarboxylic acid ratio and increased dConAC proportions in both ConAC and dissolved organic carbon pools. Litter removal (No Litter) and its combination with root exclusion (No Inputs) reduced surface-soil ConAC, consistent with decreased ConAC-carrying aboveground litter inputs; No Inputs lowered ConAC stocks throughout the 0–50 cm profile, likely due to intensified microbial utilization of ConAC under substrate limitation. Overall, forest soil ConAC stocks appear relatively resistant to detrital input changes, but enhanced ConAC-to-dConAC conversion highlights a pathway for increased terrestrial–aquatic ConAC fluxes with implications for ConAC cycling under future climate and land-use change.

16. 题目: Inventory Uncertainty and Transboundary Transport of Biomass-Burning Black Carbon in Southern China: Insights from Combining Radiocarbon Measurements with Modeling
文章编号: N26080404
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Boji Lin, Hongxing Jiang, Jun Li, Tingting Li, Ziyang Zhang, Jiao Tang, Sanyuan Zhu, Zhineng Cheng, Xiaofei Geng, Yangzhi Mo, Jing Li, Haoyu Jiang, Duohong Chen, Gan Zhang
更新时间: 2026-08-04
摘要: Black carbon (BC) from biomass burning (BCbb) constitutes a major fraction of global BC’s climate impact. Yet, the contribution of BCbb to atmospheric BC concentrations estimated by emission inventory-based models remains highly uncertain due to the lack of source-diagnostic observational constraints. Here, we present year-round, 14C-based measurements of BCbb from two regional and one background site in southern China. By comparing these measurements with tailored simulations from an atmospheric transport model, we find that although the model reproduces the seasonal variation reasonably well, simulated BCbb remains subject to considerable uncertainty (NMB: −68% to +28%). Unmonitored biomass burning (BB) in mainland China can result in a substantial model–observation discrepancy. Our results reveal that residential BB across East Asia is the main contributor to BCbb in southern China. Transport of BCbb from Southeast Asia is also important in summer. Notably, transboundary BB pollution from Southeast Asia, facilitated by free-tropospheric transport, cannot be ignored even in winter, when continental air masses prevail. Our findings highlight that the transboundary contribution of BCbb may exceed prior estimates. These results underscore the need to update emission inventories by incorporating overlooked BB sources.

17. 题目: Interaction of Soil pH and Mineralogy Controls Soil Organic Matter Persistence through Changes in the Composition and Amount of Microbial Necromass
文章编号: N26080403
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Yuan Liu, Violeta Matus-Acuña, Lisa K Tiemann
更新时间: 2026-08-04
摘要: Microbial necromass–mineral associations are key to long-term soil organic matter (SOM) persistence. However, how soil pH and mineralogy interact to regulate SOM stability remains poorly understood. Here, we used artificial soils to test how three clay minerals (bentonite, kaolinite, and goethite), adjusted to four pH levels (5–8), affect microbial activity (respiration), microbial physiology (carbon use efficiency, CUE), microbial-derived residue material (necromass), and the formation and stability of mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM). Artificial soils were inoculated with a rhizosphere-derived microbial community cultured under the same pH conditions and on two representative simulated exudate types (organic acids and carbohydrates) and incubated for 6 weeks. In two complementary experiments, we added necromass from known microbial taxa to the same minerals across pH levels to isolate the role of necromass chemistry and loading. We found that soil pH shaped MAOM chemistry by altering microbial activity and necromass composition. In interaction with mineral type, pH also controlled MAOM thermal stability. Higher necromass loading weakened mineral-organic bonding, reducing MAOM stability, consistent with zonal mineral–organic interaction models. Our results demonstrate that microbial activity, rather than carbon use efficiency, better predicts MAOM formation and that pH-dependent necromass composition and loading govern MAOM persistence. These findings advance mechanistic understanding of SOM stabilization and have implications for predicting soil carbon dynamics under shifting environmental conditions.

18. 题目: Iron (Hydr)oxides Suppress Dissolved Organic Sulfur Synthesis in Acid Mine Drainage Environments by Inhibiting Organic Carbon Degradation and Assimilatory Sulfate Reduction
文章编号: N26080402
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Haoqun Sha, Yan Ma, Jiu Huang, Yue Sun, Xiaosong He, Xiaofei Wang, Beidou Xi
更新时间: 2026-08-04
摘要: Dissolved organic sulfur (DOS) in acid mine drainage (AMD) has attracted widespread attention due to its potential metal-complexation capacity. Given the little knowledge about DOS in AMD environments, this study employs high-resolution mass spectrometry and metagenomics to investigate its occurrence, synthesis pathways, and influencing factors. The results indicate that DOS exists at a mass spectrometry intensity-weighted relative abundance of 15.8–36.0% in AMD environments, mainly in CHOS and CHONS forms, with both levels higher than those found in soil, marine, and groundwater environments. DOS is dominated by highly unsaturated compounds, with highly oxygenated and unsaturated DOS being more stable and exhibiting greater mobility. Assimilatory sulfate reduction is the primary pathway for DOS synthesis, exhibiting gene abundance 4.5 times higher than dissimilatory sulfate reduction. Iron (hydr)oxides reduce the DOS content in AMD environments by adsorbing and immobilizing highly unsaturated compounds in sediments and inhibiting assimilatory sulfate reduction and organic carbon degradation involved in DOS synthesis. Overall, this study clarifies the molecular occurrence and fate of DOS and reveals a microbial–mineral synergistic regulation mechanism, providing a fundamental basis for understanding its molecular characteristics and potential metal-complexation relevance in AMD systems.

19. 题目: Valorization of organic solid waste through HTC-AD coupling: revisiting the applicability of hydrochar in AD
文章编号: N26080401
期刊: Bioresource Technology
作者: Huihui Chen, Jiang Shao, Jie Wu, Zhijian Shi, Yun Bai, Xinyu Xie, Xiaolei Zhang, Qiang Liu
更新时间: 2026-08-04
摘要: Hydrochar is considered as a promising carbon material for enhancing anaerobic digestion (AD). However, inconsistent results reported in previous studies have limited its practical application. This study aimed to provide insights into these inconsistencies by elucidating the role of dissolved organic matter (DOM) leached from raw hydrochar. Results demonstrate that DOM is a decisive factor governing hydrochar performance in AD, and its characteristics vary markedly with biomass feedstock. The inhibitory effect of cornstalk hydrochar (CSH) on AD was primarily attributed to complex DOM components, especially phenols components. Removal DOM effectively alleviated inhibition, as evidenced by a 15.6% increase in the methane production rate (Rm) and a significant shortening of the lag-phase (λ) from 12.1 to 8.0 days during the AD of hydrothermal wastewater (HTWW) with CSH. Solvent washing to remove DOM altered hydrochar properties by increasing specific surface area and exposing additional oxygen-containing functional groups (OCFGs), further enhancing methane production kinetics. Microbial community analysis further indicated that phenols increased the relative abundance of acid-producing Trichococcus while decreasing methanogenic Methanosaeta and electrochemically-active bacteria (Mesotoga and Anaerolinea), thereby hindering the degradation of VFAs. In contrast, biogas residue hydrochar (BRH) had no adverse effect on AD, but it failed to significantly enhance AD performance, especially for refractory HTWW, likely due to its high ash content. Based on the two feedstocks examined in this study, the results suggest that the beneficial effects of hydrochar on AD are conditional and leachable DOM plays a critical role which has not been fully recognized in previous studies.

20. 题目: Long‐Term Consequences of Crop Residue Retention: Impact of Higher Soil Organic Carbon on N 2 O Emissions
文章编号: N26073114
期刊: European Journal of Soil Science
作者: Ulises Ramon Esparza‐Robles, Barbara Kitzler, Heide Spiegel, Taru Sandén, Eugenio Díaz‐Pinés
更新时间: 2026-07-31
摘要: Long‐term management of crop residues strongly influences soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics, what may also influence nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions, two key components determining the impact of agricultural systems on climate change. We investigated N 2 O fluxes in a long‐term experiment after four decades of continuous residue retention or residue export. Gas flux measurements were collected over 28 months, encompassing both crop‐growing and bare‐soil periods. Cumulative N 2 O emissions between crop residue management strategies were compared against long‐term SOC stock differences. Soil microbial biomass and extractable C and N were also investigated. Residue retention showed lower total N 2 O fluxes and higher SOC stocks and microbial biomass in the top 25 cm of soil. Our results suggest that an increased microbial immobilization of N and enhanced microbial processing of soil organic matter accumulated over the years reduced the availability of C and N for denitrification. This was supported by the enhanced levels of microbial biomass and slightly higher porosity under crop residue retention, being the main link to the lower N 2 O emissions, despite higher SOC. When expressed in CO 2 equivalents, the yearly difference in N 2 O emissions between the residue treatments accounts for only 1.8% (≈373 kg CO 2 ‐eq ha −1 a −1 ) of the long‐term climate mitigation benefit from higher SOC stocks (≈21 Mg CO 2 ‐eq ha −1 ) after 40 years of continuous management. Our findings indicate that long‐term residue retention in this site contributes to climate change mitigation by synergically increasing long‐term SOC storage and reducing N 2 O emissions. In this sense, managing and monitoring both SOC and N 2 O emissions are a crucial basis for continuous climate change mitigation in croplands. Further mitigation studies looking for this aim should also evaluate additional strategies for more ambitious management of N input, especially when increases in SOC may diminish after approaching a new steady state.