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41. 题目: Spatial distribution, thickness characteristics, and environmental controls on soil organic carbon stocks of the mattic layer across the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
文章编号: N26071107
期刊: Catena
作者: Jun Gu, Ming-Liang Ye, Fei Yang, Xiao-Dong Song, Alla Yurova, Gan-Lin Zhang
更新时间: 2026-07-11
摘要: The mattic layer, a distinctive pedogenic horizon of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP), constitutes a substantial reservoir of soil organic carbon (SOC). However, its spatial extent, thickness variability, and the environmental controls governing these patterns remain poorly understood at the plateau scale. Here, we integrated field data from 995 soil profiles with a random forest modelling framework to quantify the spatial distribution, thickness, and SOC stock of the mattic layer across the entire QTP and to identify the dominant environmental controls. The 1-km resolution simulations indicate that the mattic layer covers approximately 591,500 km2 (23.3% of the plateau), predominantly in the central-eastern regions and the Qilian Mountains. Its distribution is concentrated within an elevation range of 3500–5200 m and a mean annual precipitation range of 430–1000 mm. Soil moisture and temperature emerged as the primary controls on mattic layer distribution, delimiting a narrow cold-mesic climatic envelope, whereas soil texture and precipitation governed thickness variation. The total SOC stock of the mattic layer was estimated at 3.09 Pg C, representing the first horizon-specific quantification of this carbon pool at the regional scale. These findings advance our understanding of the pedogenic controls on mattic layer development and provide a quantitative basis for assessing the vulnerability of this critical carbon pool to ongoing environmental change on the QTP.

42. 题目: Dissolved organic matter source-dependent ROS dynamics in covalent triazine framework photocatalysis
文章编号: N26071106
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Chao Zhu, Jiamin Meng, Jiaxin Wu, Haizhong Zhang, Linbo Qian, Qile Fang, Shuang Song, Yi Shen
更新时间: 2026-07-11
摘要: Porous carbon-based photocatalysts offer a promising platform for visible light-driven water treatment, yet dissolved organic matter (DOM) from natural and anthropogenic sources can substantially modulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) dynamics, affecting pollutant degradation. A systematic understanding of how DOM composition and molecular structure influence ROS generation remains limited. Here, a boron-doped covalent triazine framework (B-CTF) was employed as a model photocatalyst, with humic acid (HA) and microplastic-derived DOM (PE-DOM, PS-DOM) representing natural and anthropogenic coexisting components. Adsorption experiments revealed that B-CTF exhibited enhanced maximum adsorption capacities (qm) for HA, PE-DOM, and PS-DOM and accelerated intraparticle diffusion, demonstrating efficient DOM-catalyst interfacial interactions. ROS analysis identified 1O2 and ·OH as dominant species, strongly modulated by DOM. HA suppressed ·OH generation by 2.00 × 10−2 h−1, ∼1.0 order of magnitude higher than PE-DOM and PS-DOM, and reduced 1O2 formation nearly twofold relative to plastic-derived DOM. PS-DOM caused the strongest ·O2− inhibition (8.34 × 10−2 h−1, 3.3-fold higher than PE-DOM), while PE- and PS-DOM moderately suppressed overall ROS. Fluorescence component analysis indicated that aromatic ketones in plastic-derived DOM facilitate ROS persistence, while humic-like substances in HA promote ROS quenching, highlighting the decisive role of DOM composition in interfacial ROS regulation. These findings elucidate the mechanistic pathways by which distinct DOM types regulate energy and electron transfer at the B-CTF interface, thereby controlling ROS yields, lifetimes, and spatial distribution. They also provide quantitative guidance for designing DOM-resilient photocatalysts and developing targeted water treatment strategies.

43. 题目: Defect-engineered BiOBr/g-C3N4 heterojunction anchored on Ulva prolifera biochar for enhance photocdatalytic degradation of tetracycline
文章编号: N26071105
期刊: Environmental Research
作者: Yingchao Li, Yanan Tan, Yefei Qu, Yunyi Chen, Minggang Zheng, Zuhao Zhu, Pengcheng Zhang, Peng Ju
更新时间: 2026-07-11
摘要: Tetracycline (TC) antibiotics in water have aroused increasing concern owing to their threats to public health and ecosystems, demanding efficient and sustainable remediation strategies. Herein, we designed a visible-light-driven BiOBr/g-C3N4 heterojunction photocatalyst anchored onto biochar (PBC) produced from Ulva prolifera marine waste via a facile hydrothermal method. The resulting BiOBr/g-C3N4/PBC composite achieved complete TC degradation within 120 min under visible light, with a pseudo-first-order kinetic rate constant approximately seven times that of pure BiOBr, and a specific surface area twice that of BiOBr. Beyond degradation, the composite exhibited approximately 80% total organic carbon removal and significantly reduced the biotoxicity of TC intermediates, as confirmed by Escherichia coli inhibition zone assays. The exceptional performance stemmed from a triple synergistic mechanism wherein the type-II heterojunction enabled spatial charge separation, abundant oxygen vacancies acted as electron traps to suppress recombination, and PBC served as both an electron donor and a conductive network to accelerate interfacial charge transport. The composites demonstrated outstanding environmental robustness and anti-interference capability and maintained stable catalytic activity after five cycles. Radical trapping and ESR analyses identified ·O2− as the dominant reactive species, with h+ playing a supplementary role. The synergistic interplay of heterojunction, oxygen vacancies, and PBC's electron-donating and conductive functions collectively enabled highly efficient charge migration, thereby substantially boosting photocatalytic performance. This work not only provides a feasible strategy for marine waste valorization but also offers new insights into designing high-performance photocatalysts for water remediation.

44. 题目: Morphology-dependent photoaging behavior of polyamide fibrous microplastics: implications for fragmentation and dissolved organic matter release
文章编号: N26071104
期刊: Environmental Pollution
作者: Shaochong Liu, Yuxiao Huang, Changyin Zhu, Sitao Liu
更新时间: 2026-07-11
摘要: Fibrous microplastics (FMPs) are ubiquitous yet structurally distinct contaminants in marine ecosystems, characterized by high aspect ratios that potentially dictate their environmental fate. This study elucidates the photo-induced evolution of polyamide microfibers, revealing a morphology-governed degradation evidence. Our results demonstrate that FMPs undergo anisotropic photo-deconstruction, characterized by longitudinal cracking and hierarchical peeling, driven by the orientation of polymer chains. This process releases 3.9×107 particles/L (> 10 μm) after 480 h of simulated solar irradiation. Concurrently, a significant molecular divergence of dissolved organic matter occurs, with the preferential leaching of protein-like components over humic-like substances. While seawater halides exert a shielding effect that retards physical fragmentation, it prolongs the environmental residence time of aged fibers. These findings provide mechanistic insights into the physicochemical transformation of polyamide fibrous microplastics during photoaging and highlight the importance of fiber morphology and aquatic chemistry in regulating microplastic degradation and secondary particle release in coastal environments.

45. 题目: A quantitative statistical framework for heavy-metal removal by biochar: Unraveling metal-specific physicochemical control regimes
文章编号: N26071103
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Kesinee Iamsaard, Girma Sisay Wolde, Chih-Huang Weng, Ying-Chen Chen, Han-Yu Hsueh, Jenn-Wen Huang, Yao-Tung Lin
更新时间: 2026-07-11
摘要: The effectiveness of biochar in removing heavy metals from aqueous solutions depends on complex interactions between surface chemistry and textural properties; however, a clear quantitative understanding of their relative contributions remains limited. This study establishes a robust, metal-specific statistical framework that links biochar physicochemical properties to targeted adsorption performance using a large dataset of 150 biochars derived from five agricultural residues. Multivariate analysis and regression-based sensitivity assessment reveal two fundamentally distinct separation regimes. The selective removal of Cu(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II) is associated with chemical factors, specifically, alkalinity and oxygen-containing functional groups, that facilitate strong inner-sphere complexation. In contrast, Cr(VI) separation is predominantly associated with physical parameters, such as surface area and pore accessibility, whereas elevated ash content markedly suppresses its uptake. This study advances adsorption science by transitioning from empirical correlations to a quantitative, predictive hierarchy, offering practical guidance for designing application-specific adsorbents and laying the groundwork for data-linked separation process optimization. The application of the framework to alternative biochar feedstocks should be approached with caution and necessitates additional validation using more extensive datasets that include diverse feedstock types and production conditions.

46. 题目: Biorefinery-Oriented Oxidative Polymerization Drives Hydrothermal Humification toward Functional Humic Structures via Phenol−Furan Radical Coupling
文章编号: N26071102
期刊: ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
作者: Wei Wang, Lei Zhang, Jianan Liu, Yinxia Chang
更新时间: 2026-07-11
摘要: Hydrothermal processing of lignocellulosic biomass generates aqueous streams enriched in phenolic and furanic intermediates, but these dissolved carbon species are commonly lost through oxidative degradation. Here, we developed an organic radical-mediated humification strategy driven by thermally activated persulfate, which redirects dissolved carbon into humic acid-like substances (HALs) with cross-linked aromatic−heterocyclic structures through phenol−furan coupling rather than oxidative mineralization to CO2. Under acid-alkaline pretreatment that enhances precursor release, the HAL yield reached 61.43%, significantly higher than the 6.32−7.78% obtained from single-condition pretreatments. This pathway retained 81.1% of biomass carbon in products, including 75.9% in HALs and 5.2% in coproducts, while only 18.9% was released as CO2. The process simultaneously enabled detoxification and carbon retention, removing 88−100% of benzenoid aromatics and 98−100% of furanic compounds while preserving 48.3−87.2% of bioavailable substrates. Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography−electrospray ionization−mass spectrometry resolved oligomer series indicative of chain-growth incorporation, and pyrolysis−gas chromatography−mass spectrometry confirmed aryl-furan connectivity, supporting the formation of π-conjugated, redox-active aromatic−heterocyclic networks. Density functional theory calculations showed that phenol−furan radical coupling lowers the activation barrier from 96.5 to 10.1 kcal mol−1, enabling efficient C−C/C−O bond formation and polymer growth. Process simulation at a biomass feed rate of 10,000 kg/h projected a HAL production of 6143 kg/h; technoeconomic analysis further indicated favorable economic performance, with an internal rate of return of 53.6%, a discounted payback period of 3.9 years, and a net present value of 15.0 billion CNY. These findings establish a carbon-retentive pathway that transforms hydrothermal wastewater from a waste stream into a precursor platform for functional carbon materials in circular biorefineries.

47. 题目: The organic carbon burial history of the paleo-Yangtze delta in response to depositional evolution driven by climate and sea-level changes since MIS 3
文章编号: N26071101
期刊: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
作者: Lei Gao, Liangtao Ye, Yanmei Yao, Xiaohua Zhou, Ren Jiang, Hao Long
更新时间: 2026-07-11
摘要: Elucidating the long-term spatiotemporal dynamics of organic carbon (OC) burial in coastal sediments is essential for constraining the contribution of sedimentary OC stocks to Earth's climate system. Nevertheless, the distribution characteristics and driving mechanisms governing coastal OC burial, in comparison with open ocean and deep-sea environments, remain poorly constrained, hindering accurate quantification of global OC burial budgets in marine sediments. To address this gap, we investigated organic carbon accumulation rates (OCARs) based on two sediment cores (YZ07 and YZ05) retrieved from the paleo-Yangtze Delta, reconstructing the evolutionary history of OC burial across the delta-shelf continuum since Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3. Our results indicate that intervals of enhanced OC burial in this system since MIS 3 are not persistently coupled to previously documented high sea-level stands or transgressive events. The maximum apparent OCAR (~169.9 g C m−2 yr−1) was recorded in lower intertidal to shallow marine environments around 0.9–1.4 ka, while a secondary high apparent OCAR (~100.1 g C m−2 yr−1) occurred within a confined paleo-estuary on the inner shelf during 37.6–38.8 ka. These elevated OCARs are predominantly driven by increased sedimentation rates (SRs), which are closely associated with proximity to the paleo-depocenters and intense sediment supply. In contrast, the lowest OCARs were observed in fluvial and tide-influenced fluvial channel environments during the middle to late MIS 3. This pattern is likely attributed to energetic hydrodynamic conditions and distal positions relative to depocenters, which suppressed sediment accumulation and thereby limited OCAR magnitudes. Overall, OCAR variations in the paleo-Yangtze Delta exhibit a low-low-high succession in the modern delta-plain region and a high-low-moderate trend in the present inner shelf throughout the MIS 3–1 interval. These observations demonstrate that the stratigraphic and depositional evolution of the paleo-Yangtze delta serves as the primary control on OC burial fluxes across the delta-shelf continuum since MIS 3. Notably, the late Holocene OCAR peak represents a mixed signal of natural variability and anthropogenic perturbation, driven by intensified human activities over recent millennia. Investigating spatiotemporal OCAR variations in typical deltaic coastal systems, such as the paleo-Yangtze Delta, can improve the accuracy of regional and global estimates of coastal OC burial on geological timescales. Our findings also highlight the necessity of preserving the stability of coastal depositional systems to constrain the potential release of sedimentary OC into the atmosphere.

48. 题目: Molecular Coordination Mechanisms of Yttrium (III) with Black Humic Acid Derived from Excess Sludge: Spectroscopic and Theoretical Analysis
文章编号: N26071019
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Junfeng Wang, Chunyan Yang, Chengyi Guo, Yihong Sun, Jiatao Yang, Changming Zhong
更新时间: 2026-07-10
摘要: Yttrium, a rare earth element with substantial reserves and extensive industrial applications, generates environmental and resource challenges through mining wastewater containing low-concentration ions, necessitating sustainable recovery strategies. In this paper, black humic acid (HM) was extracted from excess sludge via alkali-soluble acid precipitation and employed as a bio-based precipitant for recovery of rare earths (with Y3+as a representative ion) from low-concentration wastewater. Solid-state 13NMR revealed that HM possesses high Ali phaticity, pronounced aromaticity, and abundant oxygen-containing functional groups including carboxyl, alcohol hydroxyl and carbonyl. SEM/EDS analysis confirmed effective Y3+ enrichment within HM-Y precipitates, which exhibited irregular cubic morphologies with rough surfaces. Crucially, combined XPS and FT-IR analyses with peak fitting provide strong evidence for that Y3+ coordinates with HM through a hierarchical mechanism: carboxyl and alcohol hydroxyl groups serve as the primary coordination sites, while carbonyl plays an auxiliary role. This coordination hierarchy—suggest a hierarchical preference for sludge-derived HM—reveals that carboxyl and hydroxyl/ether oxygen groups dominate Y3+ binding over carbonyl groups. These findings provide molecular insights into the selective binding of rare earth ions by sludge-derived humic acid, supporting its use as a sustainable precipitant for rare earth recovery.

49. 题目: Composition-dependent ion transport in extracellular polymeric substance-intercalated MXene membranes for osmotic power generation
文章编号: N26071018
期刊: Journal of Membrane Science
作者: Da-Qi Cao, Xiao-Yu Song, Bi-Xiao Xu, Kai Tang, Xiao-Di Hao, Wen-Yu Zhang, Zhongguo Zhang, Rongling Wu
更新时间: 2026-07-10
摘要: Extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) derived from waste sludge are promising sustainable bio-intercalants for two-dimensional (2D) MXene membranes in osmotic energy harvesting. However, the impact of the inherent compositional heterogeneity of EPS on membrane performance remains elusive. This study fabricated MXene membranes intercalated with EPS derived from four sludge sources via four extraction methods. The results demonstrate that the biological source, which dictates the protein-to-polysaccharide (PN/PS) mass ratio, exerts a more dominant influence on reverse electrodialysis (RED) performance than the extraction protocol. Specifically, the power density positively correlates with the PN/PS ratio in EPS extracted via the cation exchange resin method. By structurally decoupling this complex mixture, the membranes intercalated with isolated PN and PS fractions (PN@M and PS@M) delivered comparable power densities of 6.38 and 6.35 W/m2, respectively, effectively doubling the performance of the pristine MXene membrane. Structural and electrochemical analyses revealed a distinct functional divergence: PN primarily enhances ion permselectivity via interfacial charge modulation, whereas PS facilitates higher ion permeability by creating a highly hydrated interlayer environment. Furthermore, RED performance is highly sensitive to the electrolyte type, with both voltage and current exhibiting a strong positive correlation with the bulk diffusion coefficients of the cations. Consequently, the power density reached a maximum of 7.78 W/m2 in a KCl system. Additionally, EPS intercalation introduces robust hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions, stabilizing the MXene structure against water-induced swelling while optimizing the surface charge and hydrophilicity. This work transitions the understanding of EPS application in 2D membranes from a “holistic black-box” to key functional components, providing rational guidance for designing waste-derived intercalated membranes.

50. 题目: Phosphoric acid-engineered biochar for efficient uranium separation: From actual uranium wastewater treatment to molecular-scale insights
文章编号: N26071017
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Zicong Tan, Yonglin Liang, Wanpeng Chen, Zhijie Xu, Yurong Gao, Yuzhe Jiang, Hanyu Wu, Mingliang Kang, Jin Wang, Cem Gok, Juan Liu
更新时间: 2026-07-10
摘要: Uranium wastewater with complex composition from mining and processing activities challenges practical treatment. This study develops a phosphoric acid-modified biochar (P-BC) for efficient U(VI) removal from real mining wastewater. The results show that adsorption capacity of P-BC is about 500% and 3000% higher than that of pristine biochar and commercial activated carbon in batch adsorption experiment, while P-BC also shows exceptional regenerability in fixed-bed continuous adsorption experiment. This improved performance arises from elevated porosity and chemically anchored surface phosphate moieties. Both XPS and DFT study identify these phosphate moieties as the dominant binding sites for UO22+. The adsorption mechanism is governed by strong Lewis acid–base interaction, forming stable inner-sphere P-O-U adducts. By bridging experimental results with molecular insights, this work confirms practical viability of P-BC and provides critical design guidance for advanced sorbents targeting radionuclide remediation in complex, actual wastewater.

51. 题目: Endogenous dissolved organic matter reactivity in cadmium removal by different bio-based composites
文章编号: N26071016
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Xiaojia Zhou, Haonan Lv, Tao Sun, Shihang Wu, Huijuan Yu, Yuebing Sun
更新时间: 2026-07-10
摘要: Cadmium (Cd2+) contamination is a critical global environmental and public health concern, necessitating urgent development of sustainable and robust composites while addressing the research gap on the environmental fate of endogenous dissolved organic matter (EDOM) and Cd2+ during adsorption. Herein, novel bio-based composites were synthesized using sulfhydryl grafted palygorskite and varied molecular weights biomass humic acid (BSGP). Physicochemical properties, adsorption performance/mechanisms of different BSGP were comprehensively investigated, and the dynamic interactions and transformation pathways involving BSGP-EDOM and Cd2+ during adsorption were elucidated. Results indicated that BSGP<30kDa/BSGP>100kDa achieved adsorption capacities of 48.2/42.1 mg/g driven by abundant carboxyl/hydroxyl/thiol groups. Fixed-column experiments verified the outstanding dynamic adsorption performance of BSGP and potential influence of BSGP-EDOM. Fluorescence quenching revealed the sensitivity of humic-like components to Cd2+ and pivotal roles of aromatic carboxyl and amide groups. Monitoring dynamic evolution of BSGP-EDOM during adsorption highlighted specific Cd2+ binding characteristics and transition from unsaturated oxidized to unsaturated reduced compounds. Moreover, mass-difference network and DFT analysis identified Cd2+-induced decarboxylation and deamination reactions within BSGP-EDOM. Notably, DFT highlighted the dual electron donor-acceptor nature of BSGP>100kDa-EDOM and product instability. This study provides novel insights into high-performance bio-based adsorbents and emphasizes pioneeringly environmental fate of EDOM during Cd2+ adsorption process.

52. 题目: Unveiling 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid as a highly potent precursor of toxic I-DBPs during chloramination of natural organic matter
文章编号: N26071015
期刊: Water Research
作者: Zhixuan Tan, Yingxianxian Liu, Xiangru Zhang, Haifei Zhang, Wanxin Li
更新时间: 2026-07-10
摘要: Iodinated disinfection byproducts (I‑DBPs) are orders of magnitude more toxic than their chlorinated and brominated analogues, yet the specific natural organic matter (NOM) precursors that drive their formation during chloramination remain largely unresolved. In this study, an integrated non-targeted approach utilizing ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry and molecular network topology was developed to prioritize key intermediates in I-DBP formation during chloramination. Analysis revealed that iodination is highly selective: while NOM is chemically diverse, the C8–C12 molecular range emerged as a primary reactive hotspot, exhibiting a significantly elevated iodine substitution hit rate (43.7%). From this prioritized pool, 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid (4-HPPA) was identified as a previously unrecognized, highly reactive precursor. Reaction tracking revealed a robust linear correlation (R2 = 0.91) between transient 4‑HPPA dynamics and the emergence of halohydroxybenzonitriles, with iodinated species as the most abundant products. Crucially, precursor-spiking experiments in a complex NOM matrix demonstrated a robust dose-response enhancement, verifying the high competitive conversion efficiency of 4-HPPA against background scavengers. Furthermore, 4-HPPA exhibited significantly higher iodinated hydroxy-benzonitrile formation potential than structural analogues like L-tyrosine. Mechanistic analysis elucidated the comprehensive transformation pathways from NOM-derived 4-HPPA to both aromatic and aliphatic I-DBPs, highlighting its role as a key reactive intermediate in I-DBP formation. These findings bridge the critical gap between bulk NOM transformation and the emergence of specific, high‑risk DBPs, providing a targeted molecular foundation for precursor control in practical water treatment.

53. 题目: Nitrogen-Enriched Biochar via Hydrothermal Ammonia Functionalization: Surface Engineering of Bambusa Vulgaris for Optimized Capture of Reactive Black 5
文章编号: N26071014
期刊: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution
作者: Ehigbochie Joy Ofure, Guijian Liu, Ruijia Liu, Yuan Liu, Balal Yousaf
更新时间: 2026-07-10
摘要: The release of synthetic dyes into water systems has created an urgent environmental problem because these pollutants contain toxic substances which remain in the environment and industrial facilities discharge them. The dye reactive black 5 (RB5) appears in industrial wastewater because of its widespread usage and its presence in industrial wastewater contains dangerous substances which threaten both aquatic life and human safety. The study examined how Bambusa vulgaris (BV) biochar treated with different ammonia concentrations effectively removed RB5 from water. Bamboo biochar (BB) was produced through pyrolysis and treated it with 20- and 30-mL ammonia solutions to create B20 and B30. Seven different methods of analysis including Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetry Analysis (TGA), Carbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen analysis (CHN), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) were used to identify the characteristics of the biochar. Characterization revealed that ammonia treatment significantly enhanced the physicochemical properties; B20 exhibited a specific surface area of 73.134 m2/g and a total pore volume of 0.060 cm3/g, compared to 47.887 m2/g and 0.042 cm3/g for the raw BB. Batch adsorption experiments established the optimum conditions for RB5 removal at an initial concentration of 30 mg/L, initial pH of 3.0, an adsorbent dosage of 0.04 g, and a contact time of 120 min to reach equilibrium. The adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order (PFO) kinetic model with R2 values of 0.99792, 0.99446, and 0.9942 for BB, B20, and B30, respectively. The Langmuir isotherm model was found to produce very high R2 values: BB (0.99983), B20 (0.9999), and B30 (0.99989), which proved the applicability of the model. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity (qmax) was significantly improved after functionalization, reaching 40.91 mg/g for B30 and 39. 58 mg/g for B20, representing a substantial increase over the raw biochar. B20 showed excellent efficiency in the first cycle, recording a removal efficiency of 92.5%, an improvement of 17% compared to the raw biochar. It was complemented by excellent reusability, which was maintained up to eight cycles at 67.8%. Furthermore, the research used elemental analysis, FTIR, XRD, SEM, XPS and BET methods to study after-adsorption characteristics which proved RB5 had been adsorbed. This study demonstrates the vast potential that exists for ammonia-functionalized Bambusa vulgaris biochar, especially B20, as a highly potent, recyclable, and green adsorbent for the successful treatment of anionic dye-contaminated textile wastewater.

54. 题目: Greater mineral-associated organic carbon formation by soybean straw compared to maize straw without enhanced microbial necromass accumulation efficiency
文章编号: N26071013
期刊: Plant and Soil
作者: Kai Dong, Qing Zhang, Chuang Zhao, Xiao-Li Zhu, Xin-Hou Zhang, Ji-Dong Wang
更新时间: 2026-07-10
摘要: Background and aims Mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) plays a significant role in the sequestration and stabilization of soil organic carbon (C) in croplands. Although straw return is widely practiced, how straw quality influences the conversion of straw-derived C into MAOC remains controversial. Methods We conducted a 180-day laboratory incubation experiment using maize (bract, leaf, sheath, stalk and root) and soybean (leaf, stalk, pod and root) straws at 15 °C and 25 °C. Straw C loss, MAOC accumulation, microbial biomass C, and microbial necromass C (amino sugars) production were examined. Results Soybean straw systematically decomposed more rapidly (with a 32.5% mean increase) and contributed more to MAOC accumulation (with a 28.9% mean increase) compared to maize straw, irrespective of temperature. The accumulation of MAOC was positively correlated with microbial biomass and necromass. Although fungal necromass remained dominant across all straw tissues, soybean straw generally exhibited a lower fungal‑to‑bacterial necromass C ratio than maize straw. Moreover, most soybean tissues exhibited higher total microbial necromass C than maize tissues, despite having lower microbial necromass accumulation efficiency. Additionally, elevated temperature accelerated straw decomposition, but did not significantly affect microbial necromass C and MAOC accumulation. Conclusions This study reveals that soybean straw is generally more conducive to MAOC formation than maize straw, and elucidates the mechanisms by which straw quality regulates microbial transformation. These findings enhance our understanding of how straw incorporation affects farmland C pools and provide a scientific basis for agroecosystem management.

55. 题目: Is it possible to harmonize SOC measurements? Results of the 1st Eurasian GLOSOLAN PT (2023/2024)
文章编号: N26071012
期刊: Catena
作者: E V Vanchikova, E V Shamrikova, B M Kondratenok, E M Lapteva, S N Kostrova, E V Kyzyurova, N N Bondarenko, E A Tumanova, E I Lyu-Lyan-Min, T V Zonova
更新时间: 2026-07-10
摘要: The role of soil extends far beyond agriculture and food security. Stakeholders (researchers, land managers, policymakers, and agribusiness representatives) need reliable, standardized information on soil organic carbon (SOC). Effective SOC management depends on integrating planetary SOC data obtained by different methods. Conduct of the 1st Eurasian proficiency test (PT) GLOSOLAN 2023/2024 demonstrated fea-sibility of obtaining harmonized SOC measurement results using any of the three methods: Walkley-Black, Tyurin, and dry combustion (Wsingle bondB, T, and DC). A mandatory condition is strict adherence to analytical procedures and the application of conversion correction factors to account for incomplete oxidation of SOC by potassium dichromate. For the first two methods, the correction factors were 1.3 and 1.15, respectively. Preliminary validation of the Wsingle bondB method, performed first in the Eurasian region, facilitated the adoption of common routine analysis from the participating soil laboratories. These findings provide a strong basis for recommending the colorimetric modifications of the Wsingle bondB and T methods as standards for SOC measurement when assessing soil carbon concentration for carbon credits. Diversity of protocols for the loss on ignition (LOI) method and ambiguity of the conversion factor for soil organic matter to SOC (0.58) call into question comparability of results obtained by this method with other SOC assessment approaches. PT confirmed the importance of identifying factors affecting quality of SOC measurements using dichromate-based methods according to the protocols employed in the Eurasian region. The introduction of modern approaches to SOC assessment using DC will also contribute to enhancing the competence of regional laboratories, particularly within the framework of cli-mate monitoring. Discrepancies identified during the tests necessitate corrective actions to eliminate their root causes and prevent recurrence. These measures contribute to improving the accuracy of results and can also be used to refine protocols and achieve comparability of results through the harmonization of research methods.

56. 题目: Pressure-induced occurrence and distribution of antibiotic resistance genes in extracellular and intracellular polymeric substances.
文章编号: N26071011
期刊: Environmental Research
作者: Junke Zhang, Peidong Su, Lin Li
更新时间: 2026-07-10
摘要: Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) form a multilayered matrix that governs the retention, transformation, and propagation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in activated sludge. This study systematically examined the stratified distribution of tetracycline resistance genes (tet) across slime EPS (SEPS), loosely bound EPS (LB), tightly bound EPS (TB), and intracellular polymeric substances (IPS) in sequencing batch reactors (SBR) and membrane bioreactors (MBR). Tetracycline accumulated predominantly in SEPS and LB, where elevated selective pressure promoted tet gene enrichment. ARG profiles shifted over time from efflux-pump genes [tet A, tet C, tet G] to ribosomal-protection [tet M] and enzymatic-deactivation [tet X] mechanisms. Protein secondary structure analysis revealed more compact EPS in MBR, which enhanced DNA retention and reduced ARG release into effluent. Correlation analysis showed that tetracycline concentration, rather than biomass abundance, was the dominant driver of ARG proliferation, highlighting the likely role of eDNA and horizontal gene transfer. These findings underscore the mechanistic role of EPS microenvironments in ARG dissemination and provide actionable strategies for mitigating antibiotic resistance in wastewater treatment systems.

57. 题目: Biofilm Mediated Arsenic Migration and Transformation in Groundwater under the Influence of Dissolved Organic Matter
文章编号: N26071010
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Huihui Li, Chengcheng Li, Xuesong Luo, Xubo Gao, Shengfeng Liu, Siyu Li, Xue Wang, Mengyun Zhu, Jiale Li, Lucia Cavalca
更新时间: 2026-07-10
摘要: Biofilms, ubiquitous in a variety of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, strongly regulate arsenic (As) cycle. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) can stimulate the development and activity of microbial communities, thus enhancing arsenic biogeochemical processes. However, how DOM regulates groundwater biofilms to drive arsenic migration and transformation remains unclear. Incubation experiments were integrated with biofilm characterizations, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, qPCR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to explore the behaviors and potential mechanisms of arsenic under the mediation of biofilms and fulvic acid (FA), a representative molecule of DOM in groundwater. FA induced a 7.5‑fold increase in EPS secretion, characterized by a marked enrichment of α‑configuration polysaccharides, which provided additional binding sites and steric hindrance, thereby enhancing arsenic adsorption by 21.98%. Biofilms enhanced As(III) oxidation potentially via aoxA/B, regardless of FA presence. Subsequent As(V) reduction was mainly driven by FA‑enriched N and S cycling bacteria in biofilms. The reductive products of these bacteria, especially NH₄⁺, enhanced arrA, thereby promoting arsenate reduction. FA-Ca-As ternary complexes likely further contributed to arsenic sequestration. Additionally, the electron shuttle function of FA potentially accelerated As(V)/As(III) inter-conversion. To the best of our knowledge, this study initially revealed the importance of DOM and biofilms on groundwater arsenic fate, and provided new insights into environmental arsenic cycles.

58. 题目: Molecular Mechanisms of Dissolved Organic Matter in Controlling Cr(III) Colloidal Deposition and Reversibility
文章编号: N26071009
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Wendan Luo, Yijun Mo, Shishu Zhu, Chao Jin
更新时间: 2026-07-10
摘要: Transport of Cr(III) colloids in the subsurface poses environmental risks because they can be reoxidized to carcinogenic Cr(VI). Although dissolved organic matter (DOM) is known to determine the fate of colloidal Cr(III) via organic–mineral interactions, the molecular mechanisms controlling its mobility and deposition remain unclear. This study investigated changes in the deposition kinetics and characteristics of Cr(III) colloids in response to DOM composition and concentration. Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation showed a nonmonotonic deposition pattern of Cr(III)-DOM colloids across DOM concentrations and types. Specifically, the deposition efficiency decreased to a minimum at a critical DOM concentration, above which it increased significantly with the irreversible fraction. This phenomenon was driven by dynamic interactions between silica and the multilayer corona of Cr(III) colloids, arising from the self-assembly of aliphatic compounds with condensed polyaromatics or polyphenols. The mechanism was supported by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, scanning transmission electron microscopy with electron energy loss spectroscopy, and molecular dynamics simulation. A mechanistic dimensionless model based on normalized deposition mass and sorbed aliphatic abundance successfully predicted the deposition of crystalline Cr(III) colloids under soil, sediment, and aquatic DOM. These findings highlight the importance of the DOM molecular composition in assessing heavy metal colloidal transport and Cr contamination risks.

59. 题目: Functionalized biochar loaded with plant growth-promoting Enterobacter sp. TK: A bifunctional material for cadmium immobilization and maize-assisted phytoremediation
文章编号: N26071008
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Xingke Yang, Wenxuan Li, Yuankai Yang, Yixuan Lü, Yang Zhao, Ke Chen, Lixue Zheng, Huijun Guan, Yixin Feng, Ping Wang, Tianlong Hao, Chunfeng Guan
更新时间: 2026-07-10
摘要: Cadmium (Cd) contamination in soil poses a serious threat to crop growth and agroecosystem stability. As a green technology, phytoremediation is often used for heavy metal-contaminated soil, while the efficiency is constrained by low plant biomass and poor viability of functional rhizobacteria. To address this, a plant-growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR), Enterobacter sp. TK, was innovatively loaded into oxalic acid-modified biochar prepared from coffee grounds in this study. SEM and FTIR analysis revealed that oxalic acid modification endowed biochar with a porous structure and abundant oxygen-containing functional groups, possibly facilitating Cd2+ immobilization. The successful attachment of strain TK to biochar was further confirmed by SEM characterization. The potential role of the TK-biochar composite in phytoremediation was then investigated, and results indicated that compared to the control group, the application of the composite reduced soil bioavailable Cd by an additional 11.75%. Specifically, the composite increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacterial genera in maize rhizosphere soil, which might strengthen enzyme activities and nutrient cycling, thereby improving soil microenvironment and promoting maize root length (45.82%) and shoot height (19.90%). The enhanced photosynthesis in maize further confirmed that the Cd toxicity to maize was alleviated. Collectively, oxalic acid-modified biochar could directly adsorb and immobilize Cd2+ in soil using its porous structure and functional groups, while could also interact with PGPR to improve maize growth and increase Cd accumulation in maize, ultimately enhancing the efficiency of phytoremediation for Cd. The findings provided more effective strategies for applying the PGPR-biochar composite in the field of environmental remediation.

60. 题目: Bio-etching regulated biomass coupled with nitrogen-enriched pyrolysis: A novel strategy for constructing high-nitrogen biochar and hydroxyacetonitrile-enriched bio-oil
文章编号: N26071007
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Kunjie Chen, Bin Yan, Lin Zhu, Fan Yang, Qing Dong
更新时间: 2026-07-10
摘要: Conventional nitrogen-enriched pyrolysis is often limited by the dense structure of biomass, which restricts nitrogen penetration and leads to insufficient nitrogen doping in biochar as well as low relative content for valuable nitrogen-containing chemicals in bio-oil. Herein, we propose a novel strategy integrating bio-etching pretreatment with nitrogen-enriched pyrolysis to simultaneously enhance nitrogen incorporation in solid products and enrich specific nitrogenous compounds in liquid products. Pine sawdust was first regulated by Polyporus brumalis—a fungal pretreatment that acts as a bio-etching—to disrupt the lignocellulosic compactness and create a porous architecture. The pretreated biomass was then impregnated with melamine and pyrolyzed at 500 °C. Results show that bio-etching effectively facilitates nitrogen diffusion and alters pyrolysis pathways. After 5 weeks of pretreatment, the resulting biochar exhibited the highest nitrogen content (13.41 wt%), with nitrogen predominantly existing as pyrrolic, pyridinic, and graphitic nitrogen. In contrast, 3 weeks of bio-etching led to bio-oil with the highest content of nitrogen-containing compounds (87.18%), in which hydroxyacetonitrile relative content exceeded 60%. Possible transformation pathways of nitrogen species in biochar and formation routes of hydroxyacetonitrile during pyrolysis are discussed. This work demonstrates a green and efficient route for co-producing nitrogen-enriched porous carbon and nitrogen-containing chemicals, aligning with the sustainable and low-carbon conversion of biomass resources. It should be noted that no direct quantitative analysis of gaseous products was performed in this study. The relative gas contents reported herein are apparent values derived via the difference method, and serve only for comparison of the relative product distribution under different pretreatment conditions.