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101. 题目: How land use alters soil organic carbon and humic substances in an alpine agro-pastoral ecotone of the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
文章编号: N26070606
期刊: Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
作者: Yanhua Xu, Xiayan Zhou, Yi Wang, Changlin Xu, Xiaoling Jin, Wenxia Cao
更新时间: 2026-07-06
摘要: In the ecologically fragile agro-pastoral ecotone of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, the increasing demand for forage is driving the transformation of native grasslands to cultivation systems. However, there is still a lack of systematic understanding of how these production-oriented land uses affect soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration and its stabilization mechanisms in soil profile. To address this, we used native alpine meadow (AM) as a reference, it was compared with three typical cultivation systems, including perennial cultivated grassland (PAG), annual cultivated grassland (AAG), and cultivated land (AL) planted with vegetables. We characterized the distribution of SOC and humic substances (HS) in the 0–40 cm soil profile to reveal how the transformation from native ecosystem to cultivation systems affects soil carbon sequestration and its stabilization mechanisms with depth. The results showed that SOC had obvious vertical redistribution during the transformation of AM to the cultivation system, characterized by a significant decrease in the 0–30 cm and a concurrent increase at 30–40 cm soil layer. Microbial community analysis further revealed that PAG could drive the soil microbial community structure to converge with the state of native alpine meadow, forming the most complex microbial co-occurrence network in the surface soil and indicating enhanced ecosystem stability. The system also enriched key functional groups involved in organic carbon turnover, including Sordariomycetes and Actinobacteria. The key mechanism lay in the fundamental shift in the driving factors of SOC accumulation with depth: SOC in the surface soil (0–10 cm) was governed by chemical activity dominated by fulvic acid (FA), while the subsurface soil (10–20 cm) was controlled by soil physical protection, as measured by the soil mean weight diameter (MWD). In the 20–40 cm soil layers, SOC was driven by chemical stability determined by the humic acid (HA) and FA. Overall, PAG performed optimally in maintaining humic substances stability, promoting aggregate formation, constructing complex surface microbial networks, and restoring microbial communities, thereby representing a sustainable land use pattern that mitigates the trade-off between agricultural production and soil carbon conservation. Our findings elucidate the dominant role of MWD, HA, and FA in different soil layers, providing key scientific evidence for implementing a stratified carbon management strategy based on soil profile depth in alpine regions. It has important guiding significance for enhancing the regional soil carbon sink potential and promoting the sustainable management of alpine ecosystems.

102. 题目: Mitigating the inhibition of organic matter to mainstream anammox system via electrolytic-enhanced strategy: Efficacy and underlying mechanisms
文章编号: N26070605
期刊: Bioresource Technology
作者: Xuejie He, Shuxuan Lin, Meng Cao, Ying Zhang, Qiang He, Jian Zhou
更新时间: 2026-07-06
摘要: The organic matter poses a considerable challenge to the stability and broad-scale application of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process in mainstream wastewater treatment. In this study, an electrolytic-enhanced anammox biofilm reactor (E-ABR) was developed to fortify the resilience of anammox system against inhibition of organic matter. E-ABR demonstrated superior nutrient removal when treating domestic wastewater, achieving a total nitrogen and phosphate removal efficiencies of 83.80 ± 3.70% and 94.17 ± 7.23%, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy and cell damage detection revealed extensive membrane rupture and intracellular enzyme leakage in ABR. Conversely, the anammox bacteria-denitrifier symbiotic community established under electrolytic conditions could effectively resist the invasion of excessive heterotrophic bacteria under organic shock loads. The electron transfer (ETSA activity increased by 32.26%) and energy synthesis (ATP synthase content increased by 182.37%) were marked enhanced in E-ABR than that of control reactor (ABR). These benefits enabled the maintenance of an NH4+-N removal efficiency of 82.11% in E-ABR, in stark contrast to the mere 44.46% observed in ABR with an influent C/N ratio of 3.0. This study enhanced the theoretical understanding of the mechanisms underlying resistance to organic inhibition within electrochemical bioaugmented anammox systems, thereby offering novel theoretical underpinnings for the application of anammox in mainstream wastewater treatment.

103. 题目: Phosphorus legacy advances the negative response of surface soil organic carbon to altered precipitation regimes
文章编号: N26070604
期刊: Soil Biology and Biochemistry
作者: Qiao Liu, Fangchao Wang, Fu-Sheng Chen, Junjie Huang, Shengnan Wang, Jianjun Li, Xiangjiang Liu, Zeqing Ma, Huiming Wang, Xiaofei Hu, Yiqi Luo
更新时间: 2026-07-06
摘要: Altered precipitation regimes are a key driver of soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics. In subtropical P-limited regions, however, whether long-term phosphorus (P) supply alters the temporal dynamic of SOC change under extended precipitation intervals remains unclear. This knowledge gap fundamentally limits our capacity to project the fate of subtropical forest carbon (C) sink under future precipitation scenarios. Using soils from a 12-year P addition platform in a subtropical Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation, we conducted a 2-year microcosm experiment with three precipitation regimes (5-day, 15-day, or 30-day intervals) in unfertilized and P-fertilized soils. Soil samples were collected from three depths at four time points to determine SOC content, soil physicochemical properties and microbial traits. Prolonged precipitation intervals promoted surface SOC loss, with the effect intensifying over time. Long-term P legacy advanced the onset of this negative response but did not alter its overall trajectory. Microbial adaptive pathways diverged with P legacy effect. In unfertilized soils, communities shifted from a growth-oriented B-strategy toward a broad adaptive mode integrating oligotrophic C-strategy and enzyme-mediated acquisition (A-strategy). In P fertilized soils, a direct B- to A-strategy shift occurred. Despite these divergent pathways, the A-strategy consistently explained SOC loss in both soils, and long-term P legacy strengthened this association. Collectively, our study reveals that P legacy dictates the temporal onset rather than the overall direction of precipitation-induced SOC loss, a differentiation governed by microbial trade-off strategy. This response was driven by microbial trade-off strategies, highlighting the key role of microbial adaptation in regulating the water-P-C″ coupling and maintaining forest C sink stability.

104. 题目: Linking vegetation types to molecular signatures of dissolved organic matter and their distinct complexation mechanisms with cadmium
文章编号: N26070603
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Guantong Tian, Shuaiheng Jiang, Yulin Xin, Jianguo Zhang, Xiong Li
更新时间: 2026-07-06
摘要: Despite the recognized role of vegetation in shaping soil dissolved organic matter (DOM), a systematic understanding of how major vegetation classes (arbors, shrubs, grasses, crops) differentially drive DOM molecular diversity and thereby control heavy metal complexation remains lacking. This study fills this critical gap by employing an integrated multi-spectroscopic and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation approach to comprehensively characterize DOM molecular signatures across four vegetation types and to elucidate their distinct cadmium (Cd) complexation mechanisms. Results reveal that vegetation type fundamentally structures DOM chemistry: arbor-derived DOM is relatively enriched in hydrophilic, oxygen-containing functional groups (e.g., carboxyl) that form dispersed molecular clusters via hydrogen bonding, maximizing carboxyl site accessibility and enhancing Cd complexation capacity (critical coagulation concentration = 12.56 mM). In contrast, grassland DOM contains a higher proportion of hydrophobic aromatic structures that aggregate into compact clusters, increasing steric hindrance and reducing carboxyl accessibility, thereby weakening Cd immobilization (CCC = 10.6 mM). MD simulations further confirm that Cd forms stable inner-sphere coordination primarily with carboxyl-O, with coordination numbers following grassland (1.57) > cropland (1.33) > arbors (1.17) > shrubs (1.0). This work establishes the first mechanistic framework linking vegetation type to DOM molecular diversity and subsequent Cd binding behavior, providing a molecular-level basis for optimizing vegetation design in contaminated soil remediation and improving predictive assessment of heavy metal fate in terrestrial ecosystems.

105. 题目: Parent material in controlling mineral-associated organic carbon formation pathways: A mineral sieve mechanism
文章编号: N26070602
期刊: Applied Soil Ecology
作者: Rui Jiang, Chun Liang, Zichun Guo, Samuel Adingo, Lei Gao, Shuai Liu, Xinhua Peng
更新时间: 2026-07-06
摘要: The formation pathways of mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) are central to soil carbon sequestration, yet the relative contributions of the mineral carbon pump (MnCP) and microbial carbon pump (MCP) remain unclear. Through a controlled field experiment comparing two tillage intensities in a subtropical red soil region, we demonstrate that parent material (PM) predominantly controls MAOC formation pathway and modulates their response to increased disturbance intensity. Quaternary red clay-derived soil (RDS) and sandstone-derived soil (SDS) developed similar bulk MAOC contents (~ 3.00 ± 0.28 g kg−1) but via divergent mechanisms. In clay-rich RDS, MAOC was dominated by direct association with reactive metal oxides ( ; ~1.35 g kg−1), demonstrating an efficient MnCP pathway coupled with an efficient MCP characterized by high microbial necromass carbon (MNC; ~ 20% higher) retention. In the sandy SDS, the system relied on a high-turnover but low-efficiency MCP, evidenced by substantially higher hydrolase activity (e.g., β-glucosidase activity was ~45% higher) but lower accumulation of MNC, reflecting poor necromass stabilization due to scarce protective mineral surface. Bayesian structural equation modeling identified the path from mineral traits to and MAOC as the dominant route (posterior probability >0.99), highlighting the primacy of the direct MnCP pathway. Crucially, the response to increased tillage intensity was contingent upon PM: the RDS system was resilient, maintaining its pool, whereas the SDS system exhibited vulnerability, with tillage disrupting fragile mineral-organic complexes. We propose a “mineral sieve” conceptual model wherein PM-defined mineralogy establishes a mechanistic hierarchies, positioning the MnCP as the primary pathway and the MCP as a secondary, mineral-regulated process whose stabilization efficiency depends on the reactive mineral matrix. These findings underscore that accurate assessment of soil carbon dynamics requires integrating PM-specific mineralogical context, and highlight the need for long-term, multi-site validation to advance toward predictive understanding.

106. 题目: Thermally activated persulfate-driven rapid abiotic carbon source production of food waste: Performance, organic matter evolution and denitrification potential
文章编号: N26070601
期刊: Environmental Research
作者: Xu Xing, Xiupeng Jiang, Xiaoya Li, Yanyan Guo, Xiaochan Su, Youcai Zhao, Bin Xu, Tao Zhou
更新时间: 2026-07-06
摘要: The efficient management of food waste (FW) has emerged as a pivotal bottleneck impeding the sustainable development of the urban circular economy. This work employs a thermally activated persulfate (PDS) system to investigate abiotic carbon source production pathways of FW, aiming to achieve efficient resource utilization through biorefinery. The physicochemical properties, structure-activity relationship, and carbon source products analysis of FW during the conversion process revealed that the introduction of PDS significantly enhanced the hydrolysis and the dissolution of organic matter. Under the optimal conditions of PDS dosage of 0.2 mmol/g VS, 70 °C, and 1 h, the system achieved the highest carbon source production efficiency, with SCOD and TOC reaching 13726.0 ± 325.6 mg/L and 3862.0 ± 95.2 mg/L, respectively, representing increases of 35.2% and 26.6% relative to the control. The resulting FW-derived carbon source exhibited significantly elevated concentrations of volatile fatty acids, reducing sugars, and soluble sugars, indicating that complex particulate organic matter was effectively transformed into highly bioavailable low-molecular-weight compounds. EPR analysis elucidated that the ∙OH and ∙SO4− were the key reactive species driving the cleavage, depolymerization, and solubilization of macromolecular organic matter. Simultaneously, dissolved organic matter evolved from protein-like and microbially derived components toward humic-like substances, revealing the synergistic parallel characteristic of carbon source production and humification. In the batch nitrate utilization tests, the FW-derived carbon source achieved a denitrification rate of 70.56 mg/(g MLVSS·d), indicating its feasibility as an alternative external carbon source. As a technology for rapid carbon source production of FW, this approach is anticipated to enhance the utilization efficiency of low-grade resources, while facilitating waste resource utilization and offering feasible and important support for circular economy and sustainable urban development.

107. 题目: Scale effects and spatial heterogeneity of mining impacts on farmland soil organic carbon density
文章编号: N26070514
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Xiangyu Min, Peng Wang, Yadong Yang
更新时间: 2026-07-05
摘要: Mining operations represent a major anthropogenic disturbance worldwide, yet their multi-scale impacts on farmland soil organic carbon density (SOCD) remain poorly understood. This deficiency in knowledge poses a significant impediment to the refinement of farmland conservation and soil carbon management in mining regions. Leveraging two open-access datasets of farmland SOCD and a multi-method analytical framework incorporating complex network analysis, Random Forest regression, multi-scale geographically weighted regression and structural equation modeling, this study provides a systematic investigation into the multi-scale effects, spatial heterogeneity, and nonlinear threshold characteristics of mining disturbances on farmland SOCD. We identified that (i) 10 km was identified as the key scale for detecting disturbances. At this scale, coal production emerged as the dominant factor driving SOCD dynamics, and the inclusion of mining factors improved the R2 of the SOCD prediction model by 15.5% and reduced RMSE by 4.5% compared with the baseline model. (ii) At the 10 km scale, mining factors surpassed natural factors to become the dominant force regulating farmland SOCD, and the effects of coal and non-ferrous metal production on SOCD exhibited nonlinear responses. (iii) Regionally, non-ferrous metal production indirectly reduced SOCD in East China by suppressing agricultural management (r = −0.86, p < 0.01), while coal production enhanced SOCD in Central and North China through direct and indirect pathways (r = 0.42, p < 0.05). The findings demonstrate that mining impacts on farmland SOCD represent a complex trade-off determined by mining type, intensity and regional context, providing a scientific basis for differentiated soil organic carbon management policies in mining-affected agricultural areas.

108. 题目: Carbon-to-nitrogen stoichiometry shapes divergent intracellular and extracellular antibiotic resistance gene fates through a dissolved organic matter–extracellular polymeric substance–mobile genetic element cascade in cyanobacteria–bacteria co-cultures
文章编号: N26070513
期刊: Water Research
作者: Qi Gao, Jun Hou, Wei Ding, Chao Qi, Dawei Xu, Chunli Zhou, Guoxiang You
更新时间: 2026-07-05
摘要: The carbon-to-nitrogen (C:N) ratio constrains microbial metabolism, yet whether nutrient stoichiometry controls the differential fates of intracellular (iARGs) versus extracellular antibiotic resistance genes (eARGs) remains unknown. This study aimed to test whether C:N ratios approaching the bacterial threshold elemental ratio (TER) would maximize iARG enrichment through a dissolved organic matter (DOM)–extracellular polymeric substance (EPS)–mobile genetic element (MGE) cascade, while eARG dynamics would be governed by physicochemical processes. Cyanobacteria–bacteria co-cultures at four C:N ratios (5:1, 10:1, 20:1, 40:1) were analyzed using shotgun metagenomics, FTICR-MS, 3D-EEM, untargeted metabolomics, and EPS fractionation. C:N=10:1 produced the highest iARG abundance (65.1 ± 17.4 TPM, mean ± SD) and a 17-fold iARG/eARG ratio, while eARG showed no significant treatment effect (Kruskal–Wallis p=0.082, treating triplicate subsamples as observations). FTICR-MS revealed the lowest intensity-weighted O/C (0.334), most negative NOSC (−0.67), and highest molecular diversity (8,029 formulas) at C:N=10:1, indicating a uniquely reduced, aliphatic-enriched DOM pool. (Note: FTICR-MS samples were pooled from triplicate subsamples per treatment, yielding one composite per C:N level; these results are therefore descriptive and unreplicated.) EPS polysaccharide/protein ratios peaked at 2.8, correlating with iARG across treatments (ρ=0.91, p<0.001) but inversely with eARG (ρ=−0.59, p=0.044). Guanosine (ppGpp precursor) peaked at C:N=10:1 (ρ=0.75 with iARG) while UDP-glucose was depleted, confirming active EPS biosynthesis. Piecewise structural equation modeling identified a pathway from C:N through DOM, EPS, and MGE to iARG (R²=0.78, Fisher’s C p=0.31), whereas eARG depended on eDNA physicochemical trapping (R²=0.41). These findings provide evidence that nutrient stoichiometry acts as a selective control on ARG partitioning, suggesting that C:N monitoring could be incorporated into eutrophic water ARG risk assessment.

109. 题目: Reducing Nitrous Oxide Emissions Associated With Fertiliser Using Nitrogen Enriched Biochar
文章编号: N26070512
期刊: European Journal of Soil Science
作者: Jonathan H Lindhardt, Karoline Schnorr, Sander Bruun, Lars S Jensen
更新时间: 2026-07-05
摘要: There is a need for agricultural practices that decrease nitrous oxide emissions while sustaining yields for food production. In the current paper, we investigate the possibility of reducing emissions by co‐applying or enriching biochar with mineral nitrogen and using it as a fertiliser. By measuring the nitrous oxide fluxes from soil incubation experiments with biochar and mineral N fertiliser at 60%, 70% and 80% water‐filled pore space (WFPS), we examined the effect of biochar on fertilisation associated nitrous oxide emissions at different soil moisture levels. Furthermore, we examined the effects of different biochar feedstocks and mineral N application methods, either as mineral N enriched biochar (biochar soaked in mineral N solution and dried) or as co‐applied biochar and mineral N fertiliser. Nitrous oxide emissions were negligible at 60% WFPS, whereas at 80% WFPS mean accumulated N 2 O emissions over 34 days of 12.1 μg N 2 O‐N g soil −1 for the mineral N treatment and 9.1 μg N 2 O‐N g soil −1 for the co‐applied biochar and mineral N treatment were found, but the difference was not statistically significant. When applying biochar from four different feedstocks, accumulated nitrous oxide emissions were not significantly different between them, but the mean accumulated soil nitrous oxide emissions across all mineral N enriched biochars did show a significant reduction compared to the mineral N positive control. These results indicate a potential for using mineral N enriched biochar for reducing mineral N fertiliser associated N 2 O emissions.

110. 题目: Cord-blood black carbon particle burden is associated with a C19MC small extracellular vesicle miRNA signature enriched for neurodevelopmental pathways.
文章编号: N26070510
期刊: Environmental Research
作者: Houman Kahroba, Kenneth Vanbrabant, Marcel van Herwijnen, Rick Kamps, Matthew Walker, Dagmar Waiblinger, Marcel Ameloot, Michelle Plusquin, John Wright, Tim Nawrot, Theo M de Kok, Julian Krauskopf
更新时间: 2026-07-05
摘要: BACKGROUND Ambient air pollution, particularly black carbon (BC), is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, but the molecular pathways linking in utero particle exposure to fetal programming remain incompletely understood. We examined whether cord-blood BC particle burden relates to small extracellular vesicle (sEV)-associated microRNA (miRNA) profiles and enriched developmental pathways. METHODS Cord blood was collected from newborns in the Born in Bradford's Better Start (BiBBS) cohort. Plasma sEVs were isolated and miRNA was profiled by small RNA sequencing. BC particle load in whole cord blood was quantified by femtosecond pulsed-laser microscopy. After quality control and complete-case restriction, 68 newborns were included in the analysis. Candidate miRNAs were prioritised using elastic-net regression, and associations with log10-transformed BC particle burden were estimated using linear mixed-effects models with covariate adjustment and Benjamini---Hochberg false discovery rate (BH-FDR) control. RESULTS Five of the ten candidate miRNAs were associated with BC at BH-FDR ≤ 0.10: hsa-miR-25-3p and hsa-miR-433-3p (positive associations) and hsa-miR-518a-3p, hsa-miR-519a-3p/519b-3p, and hsa-miR-520g-3p/520h (negative associations). Three of the five negatively associated miRNAs belong to the placenta-specific chromosome 19 miRNA cluster (C19MC). All five signals were robust in 100 × 20% holdout resampling. Validated target pathway analysis revealed enrichment for developmental and specifically neurodevelopmental processes, including axon guidance and neurotrophin signaling. CONCLUSIONS These findings link cord-blood BC particle burden to a placenta-linked C19MC miRNA signature in newborn sEVs and developmental pathway enrichment, providing molecular evidence consistent with particle-associated fetal programming at birth.

111. 题目: CO2 removal by applying the adsorption process to biochar from waste materials.
文章编号: N26070509
期刊: Environmental Science and Pollution Research
作者: Maria Angelica Martins Costa, Geisa Albini, Lucas Freitas de Oliveira, Eliza Almeida de Oliveira, Alexandre Jorge de Souza, Mariana de Oliveira Bérgamo, Letícia Vicente Moreno, Kelly Johana Dussán
更新时间: 2026-07-05
摘要: This study evaluated lignocellulosic residues as low-cost adsorbents for CO2 capture in a dynamic column system, focusing on spent coffee grounds biochar (SCGB) as an alternative to commercial activated carbon. Commercial activated carbon, SCGB, magnetized SCGB, KOH-activated SCGB, peanut shell pellet charcoal, sugarcane bagasse charcoal containing kaolin, and calcined SCGB samples were tested. SCGB was produced by pyrolysis and modified by chemical activation, magnetite incorporation, or post-pyrolysis calcination. CO2 adsorption tests were performed in a column under different air and CO₂ inlet flow rates, and CO2 concentrations were monitored at the inlet and outlet using infrared sensors. The adsorption capacity ranged from 0.43 to 7.17 mmol CO2/g, depending on the adsorbent and operating conditions. The best performance was obtained for non-activated SCGB, which reached 7.17 mmol CO2/g under intermediate air flow conditions. Although KOH activation improved the textural properties of SCGB, it did not lead to the highest adsorption capacity in the column. These results indicate that CO2 capture under dynamic conditions is controlled not only by BET surface area and micropore volume, but also by pore accessibility, surface chemistry, bed behavior, and gas residence time. Spent coffee grounds biochar showed competitive CO2 adsorption performance and may be considered a promising low-cost adsorbent for carbon capture applications. The results support the use of biomass-derived residues in column-based CO2 mitigation processes, while highlighting the need for further studies on humidity tolerance, regeneration, and scale-up.

112. 题目: Biosensing application of microbial fuel cells for organic matter and copper ion monitoring in constructed wetlands.
文章编号: N26070508
期刊: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
作者: Xiuhan Liu, Yunfei Li, Yalan Shi, Qi Huang, Feiyong Chen, Zhigang Yang
更新时间: 2026-07-05
摘要: The low electrical energy generated by the integrated system of constructed wetlands and microbial fuel cells (CW-MFCs) during water remediation processes is frequently underestimated. Herein, the correlation between the electrical signals and pollutant concentrations was investigated to explore its potential for organic matter and Cu2+ monitoring. The results demonstrated that both peak current (R2 = 0.957) and cumulative charge (R2 = 0.958) exhibited strong correlations with COD concentrations within the COD range of 25 to 200 mg/L. However, the external resistance was found to restrict electron flux under elevated substrate concentrations, which diminished the correlation coefficient between electrical signals and COD levels. Then, the prediction accuracy under high-COD conditions (200-1000 mg/L) was improved by reducing the external resistance to 500 Ω and 100 Ω. To predict COD concentrations over a wider range, a piecewise fitting strategy was developed to optimize the correlation between electrical signal intensity and substrate concentrations. The cumulative charge displayed higher accuracy and sensitivity to COD variations, while peak current exhibited a shorter detection time. After that, the correlation between the electrical signals and Cu2+ concentrations was investigated. Cumulative charge demonstrated superior accuracy for Cu2⁺ monitoring under low-concentration conditions, whereas the peak current only exhibited responsiveness to Cu2⁺ concentration variations when a concentration threshold was reached. The results revealed a significant correlation between the electrical signal and pollutant concentration levels, and highlighted the potential applicability of CW-MFCs as biosensors.

113. 题目: Turning the enemy into an ally: Phytoremediation potential of Solidago canadensis L. for Cd-contaminated soil as influenced by microplastics and biochar.
文章编号: N26070507
期刊: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
作者: Mingwei Li, Yanna Zhao, Weitao Liu, Shuwu Zhang, Yuhuan Sun, Jiao Sun, Fayuan Wang
更新时间: 2026-07-05
摘要: Due to its strong tolerance to toxic metals and environmental stresses, Solidago canadensis L. exhibits a promising phytoremediation potential in regions without invasion risks (e.g., North America). However, the co-occurrence of Cd contamination and microplastics (MPs) in soils presents unprecedented challenges for remediation strategies. Using metabolomic analysis, our study first investigated the phytoremediation efficacy of S. canadensis for Cd-contaminated soil under the influences of MPs types (polyethylene terephthalate, PET; polylactic acid, PLA; polyester, PES) and dosages (0, 0.2%, and 2%; w w-1), and biochar (BC) amendment (0 and 1%; w w-1). Results revealed complex polymer- and dose-dependent effects on Cd dynamics, where PES enhanced Cd immobilization, while 0.2% PET/PLA paradoxically increased root Cd accumulation by 5.6%-13.8% despite reducing soil Cd extractability. MPs exposure induced comprehensive physiological perturbations in S. canadensis, including biomass allocation, chlorophyll degradation, micronutrient homeostasis, and profound metabolic reprogramming characterized by the upregulation of allelopathic metabolites. BC amendment effectively immobilized Cd, mitigated oxidative stress, and restored nutrient cycling by enhancing enzyme activities. Crucially, BC decreased the relative abundances of key allelochemicals by 65.3% ± 14.2% through energy metabolic restructuring, while maintaining high phytoremediation efficiency. Significant triple interactions (MPs type × MPs dose × BC) underscored context-dependency of remediation outcomes, with biodegradable PLA exhibiting distinct ecological implications. These findings demonstrate that integrating BC amendment with S. canadensis phytoremediation offers a sustainable strategy for managing MPs-Cd co-contaminated soils within the framework of ecological security.

114. 题目: High-Resolution Molecular Analyses Reveal Non-additive Impacts of Chronic Warming and Nitrogen Addition on Soil-Derived Dissolved Organic Matter.
文章编号: N26070506
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Atzín X San Román, Guoping Chen, Kiera Ronda, Thomas Muratore, Melissa A Knorr, Serita D Frey, Junjian Wang, Andre J Simpson, Myrna J Simpson
更新时间: 2026-07-05
摘要: Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays a central role in soil carbon (C) cycling as the most mobile and reactive C fraction in forests, regulating the microbial metabolism, nutrient availability, and C export. However, molecular-level DOM responses to environmental stressors such as warming and nitrogen (N) deposition remain poorly constrained, particularly under their combined influences. Thus, we investigated how 14 years of soil warming, N-addition, and combined heat + N influence soil-derived DOM quantity and chemistry. Using solution-state NMR spectroscopy and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, we resolved DOM composition across molecular size, biochemical class, mobility, and oxidation state. While the DOM quantity remained unchanged, warming enhanced microbial processing and oxidative transformation, yielding DOM enriched in oxidized, structurally complex compounds, whereas N-addition suppressed decomposition, limiting the release of plant-derived biopolymers and shifting DOM toward more microbial-derived constituents. Heat + N produced the most compositionally diverse DOM, with molecular shifts more closely resembling warming-induced responses, indicating that temperature-driven decomposition dominates under interacting stressors. These results demonstrate that chronic warming and N addition influence C cycling through distinct, yet nonadditive molecular pathways not captured by single-factor studies. This underscores the necessity of multifactor experiments to accurately capture the current and future ecosystem responses to interacting environmental stressors.

115. 题目: Heating-Induced Redistribution and Isotopic Fractionation of Soil Organic Carbon Among Density Fractions.
文章编号: N26070505
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Jinsuo Li, Luping Tian, Zhaofeng Chang, Genghao Zhang, He Xu, Yunjiang Yu, Bo Pan
更新时间: 2026-07-05
摘要: Fire-induced transformation and isotopic fractionation of soil organic carbon (SOC) among density fractions remain poorly understood when investigating SOC turnover in postfire vegetation recovery. To specifically focus on the heating-induced processes, laboratory-controlled pyrolysis of forest soils was studied in a temperature gradient (simulating fire intensities) by combining density fractionation, molecular biomarker, and δ13C analysis. Results showed that increasing heating intensity reduced SOC content, enhanced carbon aromatization, and generated substantial pyrogenic carbon (PyC). The free light fraction (fLF) exhibited higher SOC loss and lower PyC yield compared to the heavy fraction. Preferential loss of light isotopes (12C) enriched 13C in residual pools, elevating δ13C in bulk soil from -26.0‰ to -21.8‰. The most pronounced 13C enrichment occurred in fLF due to extensive SOC loss, and this enriched carbon was readily solubilized into dissolved organic matter (DOM). Notably, the isotopic fractionation during heating significantly exceeded typical microbial-induced fractionation of <3‰. DOM extracted from soils heated at 400 °C featured aromatic and phenolic-C structures, indicating PyC origins. In contrast, DOM from the 550 to 700 °C treatments contained mostly carboxyl and carbonyl-C, derived from highly oxidized SOC. These 13C-enriched components intensified fractionation between DOM and residual organic carbon. This study clarifies mechanisms of fire-driven SOC redistribution and isotopic fractionation, highlighting the critical role of wildfire in soil carbon cycling.

116. 题目: Viral modulation of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria drives organic carbon sink formation during primary succession in deglaciating ecosystems.
文章编号: N26070504
期刊: Nature Communications
作者: Hu Liao, Hong-Xia Cui, Lin-Xing Chen, Chen-Song Duan, Jian Li, Sha Zhao, Yong-Guan Zhu, Jian-Qiang Su
更新时间: 2026-07-05
摘要: Glacier forelands undergo a transition from oligotrophic to eutrophic conditions during primary succession. Reduced sulfur compounds may serve as an energy source for early microbial colonizers, yet the sulfur oxidation potential and key taxa remain largely unknown. Here, we perform a multi‑omics survey across a 130‑year chronosequence on the Tibetan Plateau. Glacial retreat profoundly reshapes both viral communities (61,394 viral operational taxonomic units, vOTUs) and microbial communities (404 metagenome‑assembled genomes, MAGs). Notably, Oxidative Dissimilatory sulfite reductase (Dsr) operon‑encoding Sulfur‑Oxidizing Bacteria (ODSOB) were specifically enriched within the first 1-5 years after retreat. Their associated viruses predominantly follow a piggyback‑the‑winner strategy, influencing host cold shock protein evolution and potentially modulating sulfur oxidation via iron‑sulfur (Fe‑S) cluster assembly. Metatranscriptomics reveals elevated expression of the oxidative Dsr operon and Form‑I ribulose‑1,5‑bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RubisCO) in early stages, coinciding with higher sulfate, sulfite, sulfide, and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC)‑to‑dissolved carbon ratios compared to later stages. These findings indicate that ODSOB support DIC fixation and sulfide detoxification during early ecosystem development. Collectively, this study uncovers the eco‑evolutionary dynamics between viruses and microbes in developing ecosystems and provides genomic and functional evidence for ODSOB as key drivers of soil formation and primary succession in glacial forelands.

117. 题目: Mechanistic role of protein–polysaccharide complexes in membrane fouling induced by microalgae-derived dissolved organic matter
文章编号: N26070503
期刊: Journal of Membrane Science
作者: Qiwei Zhang, Takamitsu Sasakawa, Eiji Iritani, Nobuyuki Katagiri
更新时间: 2026-07-05
摘要: Microalgae are promising sources of biofuels and value-added products, but membrane-based harvesting is hindered by severe fouling caused by dissolved organic matter (DOM), particularly proteins and polysaccharides. Although smaller than membrane pores, these macromolecules strongly influence filtration through adsorption, aggregation, and complex formation. This study investigated DOM-induced fouling using a model protein–polysaccharide system. Proteins with different charge properties were mixed with sodium alginate and subjected to constant-pressure microfiltration using PVDF membranes. The effects of protein species, mixing ratio, pH, operating pressure, and membrane pore size on flux decline were systematically evaluated. Lowering the pH from 6.5 to 4.5 increased fouling resistance by approximately tenfold, and increasing the protein-to-polysaccharide ratio enhanced resistance by three- to fourfold, demonstrating the strong influence of electrostatic interactions and complex formation. Flux data were interpreted using the blocking filtration model, and a predictive framework incorporating parameter dependencies on protein fraction, pressure, and pore size reproduced filtration behaviors across diverse conditions. ATR–FTIR analysis of fouled membranes revealed characteristic absorption bands from both polysaccharides (C–O and C–O–C stretching) and proteins (amide groups), thus confirming the coexistence of carbohydrate and protein residues. Mixed protein–polysaccharide solutions produced greater fouling resistance than single-component systems, and FTIR spectra obtained after filtering Chlorella culture broth showed similar features, indicating that electrostatically driven protein–polysaccharide complexation contributes to membrane fouling in microalgae filtration. These findings highlight the importance of controlling protein–polysaccharide interactions to mitigate DOM-induced fouling.

118. 题目: Anthropogenic activities drive variability in Dissolved Organic Matter composition and characteristics among and within reservoirs
文章编号: N26070502
期刊: Journal of Cleaner Production
作者: Wenjing Zheng, Yan Chen, Junyao Lv, Wenyuan Yang, Yang He, Ming Yuan, Tao Wang, Zuxin Xu, Wei Jin
更新时间: 2026-07-05
摘要: Reservoirs are critical water sources for drinking and agricultural supply, with their dissolved organic matter (DOM) strongly influenced by anthropogenic intensity. This study examined the impact of anthropogenic activities on the composition and characteristics of DOM in reservoirs from the same region, employing three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy (3D-EEM), Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS), and microbiome analysis. The results suggest that anthropogenic activities may significantly influence the composition and characteristics of surface DOM in reservoirs. In the reservoir, DOM under lower anthropogenic intensity was dominated by microbial metabolites (Peak T) and characterized by nonoxygen-heteroatom free (CHO) and nitrogen-containing (CHON) compounds, reflecting a primarily endogenous origin. In contrast, the reservoir DOM under higher anthropogenic intensity was enriched in anthropogenic humic acids (Peak C1), with chlorine-containing (CHOCl) and phosphorus-containing (CHOP) compounds as signature components, indicating combined anthropogenic and endogenous inputs. Relative to drinking water source reservoirs, DOM in the agricultural irrigation reservoir that experienced greater anthropogenic activity was more humified and exhibited a higher abundance of sulfur-containing (CHOS) compounds. Furthermore, the transformation and characteristics of DOM at different depths in reservoirs may be jointly influenced by photochemical degradation and microbial metabolism, while the impacts of anthropogenic activities are attenuated. The study suggests that the differential impacts of anthropogenic activities on reservoir DOM, support improved management of drinking water sources.

119. 题目: Modified basalt fibre facilitates depth-dependent functional differentiation to enhance nitrogen removal and DOM humification in constructed wetlands under microplastic stress
文章编号: N26070501
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Luming Wang, Juan Huang, Ying Shi, Haoqin Ma, Xinyue Wang, Dominic Clyde-Smith, Luiza C Campos
更新时间: 2026-07-05
摘要: The escalating prevalence of microplastics (MPs) in constructed wetlands (CWs) raises concerns over their interference with substrate microbial communities and nitrogen removal. Despite this, engineered substrate strategies for mitigating MP-induced functional deterioration remain notably lacking. Thus, modified basalt fibre (MBF) was introduced as a functional substrate into vertical-flow CWs pre-exposed to high-density polyethylene (HDPE) MPs over 240 days. Nitrogen removal performance, enzyme activities, microbial community composition, and metabolic pathway organisation were systematically assessed across substrate depth. MBF substantially enhanced N removal under MP stress, with total nitrogen (TN) removal reaching 90.59% and 96.03% in MBF-configured systems during late operational phases, compared with 57.68% in the plant-only control. For nitrification, the upper MBF layer selectively elevated ammonia monooxygenase (AMO) activity and promoted glycolytic carbon flux. For denitrification, the lower MBF layer enhanced nitrite reductase (NIR) and nitrite oxidase (NOR) activities. Microbial community analysis suggested that MBF placement was associated with depth-dependent microbial community differentiation, with nitrifying taxa enriched in the upper configuration and denitrifying genera, including Thauera and Dechloromonas, enriched in the lower configuration. Predicted metabolic pathway analysis further suggested stronger glycolytic input in the upper layer and enhanced TCA cycle–oxidative phosphorylation-related functional potential in the lower layer. Additionally, dissolved organic matter progressively shifted from protein-like to humic-like fractions, indicating progressive DOM humification. Overall, MBF placement was associated with depth-dependent functional differentiation between upper and lower substrate configurations, suggesting a potential vertical metabolic partitioning mechanism that supported nitrogen removal under MP stress. This study provides mechanistic insights for engineered substrate design under emerging contaminant pressure.

120. 题目: Water-fertilizer strategies regulate greenhouse gas dynamics along the soil profile: Horizon differentiation driven by coupled responses of dissolved organic matter and archaeal communities
文章编号: N26070415
期刊: Agricultural Water Management
作者: Pei Chen, Xiaoyang Liang, Chuanjuan Wang, Lili Gao, Haitao Wang, Jiandong Wang, Daozhi Gong
更新时间: 2026-07-04
摘要: Water-fertilizer strategies (WFS) are considered an important means of regulating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from croplands. However, existing evidence has mostly focused on surface fluxes, and the regulatory mechanisms by which dissolved organic matter (DOM) and microorganisms jointly affect GHG production and emission remain poorly understood. Based on this, we conducted an indoor soil-column experiment with high water and no fertilization as the control (CK), and established five WFS treatments by crossing two irrigation levels (high water, IH; low water, IL) with two fertilization levels (high fertilizer, FH; low fertilizer, FL). We quantified the temporal dynamics of surface fluxes and the diffusion fluxes of CO2, CH4, and N2O in topsoil (0–10 cm) and subsoil (10–20 cm), and identified potential process-level pathways associated with gas production, transport, and emission under controlled soil-column conditions. WFS induced both temporal fluctuations and pronounced vertical differentiation of GHGs, with the subsoil exhibiting the lowest diffusion fluxes and cumulative diffusion. Among the three gases, N2O was the most sensitive to WFS; fertilization increased peak N2O fluxes at the surface and in topsoil to 2.02–2.47 and 4.50–13.46 times those under CK, respectively. The maximum cumulative CO2 emission/diffusion occurred under IH at the surface, under IL in topsoil, and under IH in subsoil. Furthermore, DOM quality and archaeal responses were identified as important process-related indicators linking WFS-driven changes in soil physical status with substrate redistribution, thereby potentially influencing GHG emission pathways along the profile. Notably, surface CO2 and N2O emissions were significantly associated with diffusion processes in subsoil and topsoil, respectively. These findings highlight that mitigation-oriented irrigation and fertigation assessment should incorporate profile gas diffusion constraints, DOM indicators, and archaeal responses to better diagnose GHG risks under WFS.