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81. 题目: Elucidating Hydrogen Bonding and Synergistic Adsorption Mechanisms of Morphine on Deep Eutectic Solvent-Functionalized Biochar through Machine Learning and Density Functional Theory
文章编号: N26010704
期刊: Environmental Research
作者: Lihong Mou, Shurui Cao, Yao Tang, Jie Tian, Hongtao Su, Zhiqiong Chen
更新时间: 2026-01-07
摘要: Adsorbent materials effectively separated psychoactive substances from the ambient medium through adsorption, serving as a sustainable removal strategy. In this study, a novel magnetic biochar was developed using waste shrimp shells as the raw material, through hydrochloric acid activation, Fe doping, pyrolysis, and deep eutectic solvent (DES) functionalization. The prepared adsorbents (MSBC-PG, MSBC-PA, MSBC-LA) possessed a hierarchical pore structure and abundant oxygen-containing functional groups. Among them, MSBC-PG exhibited a BET surface area of 176.9 m2·g-1, a total pore volume of 0.25 cm3·g-1, and a maximum adsorption capacity for morphine of 1186.4 μg·g-1. The adsorption behavior of morphine on the material was well-described by the Langmuir and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, confirming a spontaneous and endothermic process involving both chemical and physical adsorption. MSBC-PG maintained stable adsorption performance across a pH range of 4–10, exhibited minimal interference from humic acid and urea, and retained over 85% efficiency after five regeneration cycles. Post-adsorption characterization, density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and SHAP analysis collectively revealed that the adsorption mechanism involved the synergistic effects of pore filling, hydrogen bonding, and π–π interactions, with oxygen-containing functional groups playing a decisive role. A machine learning model based on gradient boosting decision trees (R2 = 0.99) further identified oxygen content, initial concentration, and contact time as key factors governing the adsorption process. This study provided an effective strategy for designing sustainable shrimp shell-based adsorbents to remediate opioid-contaminated water bodies.

82. 题目: Synergistic effects of biochar and deficit irrigation on soil properties and organic carbon fractions in arid sunflower farmlands
文章编号: N26010703
期刊: Agricultural Water Management
作者: Yibo Zhao, Wei Yang, Dongliang Zhang, Zhongyi Qu, Ruxin Zhang
更新时间: 2026-01-07
摘要: Deficit irrigation and biochar are important strategies for conserving freshwater resources and improving soil quality in arid, saline-alkaline irrigation districts, yet their effects on the molecular composition of soil organic carbon (SOC) remains insufficiently studied. This study quantified the effects of three biochar rates (0, 15, and 30 t ha⁻¹) and two drip irrigation regimes—full (100 % ETc) and deficit (60 % ETc)—on soil moisture (SM), bulk density (BD), electrical conductivity, pH, total nitrogen (TN), and SOC fractions in sunflower soils. Under deficit irrigation, 15 t ha⁻¹ biochar produced the greatest improvement in soil conditions—raising SM by 20.7 %–30.8 %, water storage by 9.7 %–46.4 %, TN by 5.6 %–16.1 %, and SOC by 16.0 %–59.1 %, while reducing BD by 1.2 %–14.6 %. In contrast, 30 t ha⁻¹ primarily altered SOC fractions, increasing particulate organic carbon (POC) by 1.3 %–59.2 %, causing an initial rise subsequent 11.1 %–35.9 % decline in easily oxidizable carbon (EOC), and producing a short-term increase followed by a decrease in dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Under full irrigation, SOC and POC increased with biochar rates, with 30 t ha⁻¹ achieving 21.2 %–95.1 % and 53.4 %–62.8 % higher levels, respectively, than no-biochar soils. Random forest and structural equation modeling showed that biochar rate was the main driver of POC and soil chemical properties exerted stronger controls on EOC and DOC than physical properties. Deficit irrigation combined with biochar improved soil physicochemical properties and enhanced labile carbon stability, with 15 t ha⁻¹ optimizing soil conditions and 30 t ha⁻¹ promoting labile carbon accumulation.

83. 题目: Influence of Vegetation Type and Park Age on Soil Dissolved Organic Matter Composition in Subtropical Urban Parks
文章编号: N26010702
期刊: Land Degradation & Development
作者: Guanjun Li, Qianru Wang, Runa Zhang, Xiangxiang Wang, Shuai Ding, Liang Wei, Shuang Wang, Jianping Chen, Tida Ge, Zhenke Zhu
更新时间: 2026-01-07
摘要: The chemical characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) play a key role in soil nutrient cycling and carbon sequestration. However, the effects of different vegetation types and park ages on soil DOM in urban ecosystems remain poorly understood. This study assessed the influence of two vegetation types, lawn and integrated tree‐turf systems, on the chemical characteristics of soil DOM across three park age groups (young: 5–10 years, intermediate: 11–20 years, and old: > 21 years) in Ningbo city in eastern China. DOM chemical characteristics were analyzed using UV–visible absorption and fluorescence excitation emission matrix‐parallel factor analysis. Results showed that both vegetation type and park age significantly influenced the chemical properties of soil DOM. The highest soil dissolved organic carbon content (0.82 ± 0.15 g kg −1 ) was found in integrated tree‐turf systems in the oldest parks. Specific ultraviolet absorbance‐254 values < 3, humification index values < 1, and biological index values mostly < 1, alongside protein‐like (C2) substances comprising 38%–51%, indicated low humification, weak aromaticity, and pronounced autochthonous characteristics. As park age increased, more humic‐like DOM (C1) content was found in integrated tree‐turf system soils, while protein‐like substances decreased. In contrast, protein‐like substances dominated DOM in lawn soils. pH and soil moisture significantly affected DOM chemical characteristics. These findings enhance our understanding of the factors shaping DOM in urban green space soils.

84. 题目: Long‐Term Chinese Milk Vetch Application Alters the Molecular Composition of Dissolved Organic Matter Through Reshaping Microbial Ecological Strategists
文章编号: N26010701
期刊: Land Degradation & Development
作者: Xiaofen Chen, Li Wan, Wenjing Qin, Guilong Li, Xianmei Jiang, Jun Xie, Changxu Xu, Jia Liu
更新时间: 2026-01-07
摘要: A deep understanding of the impacts of long‐term application of Chinese milk vetch (CMV) on soil microbial community, dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition, and soil enzyme activities in paddy field is still lacking. A long‐term fertilization experiment has been conducted for 6 years (2016–2022) with four treatments in paddy field: no fertilizer (CK), chemical NPK fertilizers (NPK), CMV alone (CMV), and combined NPK with CMV (NPKM). We investigated the molecular fingerprinting of DOM using ultrahigh‐resolution FT‐ICR mass spectrometry under these treatments. Microbial communities and life history strategies (r/K‐strategy) were characterized through high‐throughput sequencing approaches. Results showed that NPKM treatment significantly increased DOM molecular richness and proportion of labile DOM (LDOM) components (such as carbohydrates and proteins/amino sugars‐like compounds), whereas NPK treatment increased recalcitrant DOM (RDOM) proportions. Bacterial diversity and richness were enhanced by NPKM, while NPK promoted fungal diversity. Notably, CMV application reduced polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity while increasing β‐xylanase (BX), β‐glucosidase (BG), and cellobiohydrolase (CBH) activities. Partial least squares path modeling (PLS‐PM) revealed significant interactions between DOM composition and microbial communities, where LDOM favored r‐strategists that enhanced enzyme activities for labile organic matter decomposition (BX, BG, and CBH), while RDOM promoted K‐strategists that increased PPO activity.

85. 题目: MnO-Modified Corn Stalk Biochar for Catalytic Ozonation of Tetracycline Hydrochloride: Mechanism, Pathways and Environmental Risk Assessments
文章编号: N26010609
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Huajun Xu, Yunhao Yu, Tao Ye, Lin Miao, Baocheng Zhou, Pengfei Sun, Xiaoping Dong
更新时间: 2026-01-06
摘要: Antibiotic pollution, especially tetracyclines (TCs), threatens ecosystems and human health due to their persistence and role in spreading antibiotic resistance. Conventional wastewater treatments face limitations in cost, efficiency, and secondary pollution. This study reports the development of a series of manganese oxide (MnO)-loaded biochar (BC) catalysts derived from waste corn stalk for heterogeneous catalytic ozonation (HCO) of tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH). The interaction between MnO and BC significantly enhanced TCH degradation efficiency by facilitating the redox cycle between Mn(II) and Mn(III), which proved more effective than the Mn(IV)/Mn(III) cycle. At a low dosage (0.4 g L−1), the optimal 5-MnO-BC catalyst achieved complete degradation of 100 mg L−1 TCH within 30 min, accompanied by the highest COD removal percentage of 39.2 %. The influence of key operational parameters (calcination temperature, catalyst dosage, reaction temperature, pH, initial TCH concentration, nd inorganic anions) on the HCO process of 5-MnO-BC was systematically investigated. The 5-MnO-BC catalyst demonstrated excellent reusability over multiple cycles without significant deactivation and maintained high efficacy in various real water matrices. Radical quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis indicated that superoxide radicals (•O2−) and hydroxyl radicals (•OH) were the dominant reactive oxygen species driving TCH degradation. Possible degradation pathways were proposed based on the identification of intermediate products. Theoretical toxicity assessment and mung bean sprout cultivation experiments confirmed the effective detoxification of TCH into less toxic byproducts. These findings demonstrate the synthesized n-MnO-BC as a highly efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly HCO catalyst demonstrating strong promise for large-scale antibiotic removal from wastewater.

86. 题目: From Agricultural Waste to Water Treatment Functional Materials: Performance Study of Nano Zero-Valent Iron Loaded on Ramie Biochar for Persulfate-Activated Carbamazepine Degradation
文章编号: N26010608
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Weiwei Yu, Lu Lv, Yang Liu, Cong Liu, Chuandong Tang, Yuanxin Liu, Xinyan Li, Dan Liu, Yan Luo, Ji Li
更新时间: 2026-01-06
摘要: This study utilized agricultural waste ramie leaves as a green reducing agent to synthesize nano-zero-valent iron (nZVI) via liquid-phase reduction. The nZVI was then loaded onto ramie biochar to construct a supported nanocomposite material (RBC/R@nZVI). This material was employed to activate Perdisulfate (PDS) for carbamazepine (CBZ) degradation, achieving a removal rate of 91.3% within 180 minutes. It maintained over 70% degradation efficiency in tap water and lake water, reached 63.8% in secondary treated wastewater, and demonstrated effective performance across a broad pH range (3–9). Mechanism studies indicate sulfate radicals (SO₄•⁻) and hydroxyl radicals (•OH) as primary active species. The system exhibits excellent long-term stability, maintaining over 70% CBZ removal after 90 days of storage. Algal bioassay results showed that algal growth inhibition decreased from 19.54% to 5.70% after treatment. Toxicity prediction using the Toxicity Estimation Software Tool (T.E.S.T.) indicated that most degradation intermediates had predicted LC50 values approximately 5–15 times higher than that of the parent compound. This study established an efficient, long-lasting, and low-ecological-risk RBC/R@nZVI/PDS advanced oxidation system using agricultural waste ramie as feedstock, providing new insights for the green design of Fe-based PS-AOP catalysts and their application in practical water treatment.

87. 题目: Recent Advances and Prospects of Iron-based Biochar for Antibiotic Removal: Unveiling the Dual Mechanisms of Adsorption and Degradation
文章编号: N26010607
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Junjie Wang, Yinfan Liu, Xue Li, Ran Zhao, Xiaoquan Mu, Fengxia Yang, Haixin Guo, Yongzhen Ding
更新时间: 2026-01-06
摘要: The widespread presence of antibiotics in the aquatic environment has caused major ecological problems, which is due to their complex and lasting chemical properties. The advanced oxidation process (AOPs) is known for its powerful effectiveness and has become the best solution for treating wastewater containing antibiotics. Iron-based biochar composite materials (Fe@BC) are low-cost and have excellent surface physicochemical properties, and perform well in water pollution control. This article discusses the latest progress in the field of Fe@BC application, covering synthesis technology, performance evaluation, practical application and pollutant removal strategy. Various preparation methods of Fe@BC composites have a significant impact on their chemical and structural characteristics, which in turn determine their pollutant removal efficiency. Fe@BC can achieve the removal of antibiotics through a variety of ways such as adsorption, oxidation and reduction. These processes involve complex interactions, including hydrogen bonding, π-π electron receptor interaction, electrostatic attraction and the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as sulfate radical free radicals and hydroxyl free radicals. The overview shows that in order to improve the efficiency of pollutant removal, it is necessary to optimize synthetic parameters, such as biomass type, pyrolysis temperature, iron precursor ratio and reaction medium. The study emphasizes the importance of understanding the scale operation mechanism of technology and dealing with the ensuing problems. Future research should focus on improving the synthesis method, clarifying the response path, and integrating Fe@BC into the overall plan of environmental governance.

88. 题目: Synergistically regulating the microstructure of CaLaAl layered double hydroxide/biochar through pore confinement and defect design for efficient phosphorus recovery from water
文章编号: N26010606
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Qin Zhang, Xun Wu, Ruqin Xiong, Bingde Wu, Congyang Yv, Qipeng Li, Lei Wang, Zejun Zhang, Xiangjun Yang, Shengjian Li
更新时间: 2026-01-06
摘要: In this study, based on the characterization results of SEM, XRD, and BET, it was found that the microstructure of the synthesized materials could be controlled by a strategy combining pore limitation and defect sites. While ensuring that the phosphorus recovery efficiency remained almost unchanged, Al was used to replace La, thereby reducing the phosphorus recovery cost of the synthesized CaLaAl-layered double hydroxide/biochar (CaLaAl-LDH/BC) from water. When the molar ratio of La to Al was 2:1, the phosphorus recovery capacity of the prepared CaLa2Al1-LDH/BC (168.79 mg P/g) was comparable to that of CaLa-LDH/BC (172.90 mg P/g), but the preparation cost of the material has been reduced by approximately 20 %. The phosphorus removal process of the prepared CaLa2Al1-LDH/BC can well conform to the Langmuir and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. Its maximum phosphorus adsorption capacity and phosphorus adsorption equilibrium time are 168.79 mg P/g and 5 h, respectively. The prepared CaLa2Al1-LDH/BC is suitable for recovering phosphorus from acidic water bodies and high-salinity water bodies. When the concentration of carbonate ions in the water is 5 times that of the phosphorus concentration, the phosphorus recovery efficiency of the prepared CaLa2Al1-LDH/BC decreases by approximately 46.02 %. The prepared CaLa2Al1-LDH/BC can achieve efficient phosphorus recovery from actual water. Through FTIR and XPS techniques, it was found that the prepared CaLa2Al1-LDH/BC mainly recovers phosphorus through ion exchange, complexation and ligand exchange. The phosphorus-loaded CaLa2Al1-LDH/BC can be used as phosphate fertilizer to promote plant growth.

89. 题目: Biochar particle size shapes soil water–oxygen conditions and delays senescence in sweet corn under mulched drip irrigation
文章编号: N26010605
期刊: Soil and Tillage Research
作者: Lifeng Zhou, Hanzhi Tao, Yang Qiliang, Hao Feng, Kadambot H M Siddique, Ting Jin
更新时间: 2026-01-06
摘要: In clay soil regions, soil hypoxia frequently induces premature senescence of sweet corn under mulched drip irrigation (MDI), particularly in late-season crops within continuous multi-season planting systems. While biochar’s effect on soil moisture is well documented, its influence on soil oxygen dynamics remains unclear. In this study, unsorted biochar particles (UBP), large biochar particles (LBP), and small biochar particles (SBP) were applied, with no biochar as the control (CK). We evaluated soil pore distribution, gas transport indicators, moisture content, and oxygen partial pressure (pO2), and assessed their impact on root and leaf senescence and grain yield in early- and late-season sweet corn crops. LBP increased total soil porosity and reduced soil bulk density, whereas UBP and SBP had no significant effect. LBP enlarged macropores (30–100 μm) and micropores (3–10 μm), resulting in a bimodal pore distribution, in contrast to the single-peak distribution (10–30 μm) in CK and SBP. LBP also enhanced macropore connectivity and reduced tortuosity, leading to higher air-filled porosity, air permeability, and gas diffusivity. SBP improved soil water-holding capacity but impeded gas transport due to pore “fineness”. Consequently, LBP decreased residual water content and increased plant-available water, balancing the tradeoff between water and oxygen under MDI. Soil hypoxia occurred in SBP and CK, causing roots to float and extend horizontally, whereas LBP prevented these effects. LBP significantly increased soil pO2 and delayed senescence, ultimately enhancing sweet corn yield in both growing seasons. We recommend applying large biochar particles (2.0–4.0 mm) to improve aeration and pO2 in clay soils. Additionally, the influence of fine soil particles on biochar’s internal pore structure warrants further study, particularly in irrigated farmland.

90. 题目: Biochar application enhances tolerance to boron toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa) seedlings
文章编号: N26010604
期刊: Soil and Tillage Research
作者: Muhammad Riaz, Lei Yan, Xia Hao
更新时间: 2026-01-06
摘要: Boron (B) is an essential micronutrient for plant physiological processes, yet excessive soil concentrations can severely impair plant health, particularly in sensitive crops such as rice. Although biochar is known to improve soil conditions and mitigate various environmental stressors, its capacity to alleviate B toxicity remains insufficiently studied. This research examined the effects of biochar application on rice seedling growth and soil microbial communities under boron toxicity (BT). The treatments were designated as CK (control), BC (biochar with normal boron), BT (B toxicity), and BC+BT (biochar with B toxicity). Boron stress significantly reduced shoot length, fresh and dry biomass, and leaf chlorophyll content. In contrast, BC+BT markedly improved these growth traits relative to BT alone. Biochar also altered the distribution of B fractions in soil by lowering easily soluble and residual B while increasing organically bound B. Changes in soil properties under BC included higher total nitrogen (TN), available potassium (AK), and soil organic matter (SOM). Furthermore, the study revealed clear differences in soil bacterial diversity, with the BC+BT treatment showing higher alpha-diversity metrics than the other treatments, while fungal diversity remained largely unchanged. Community composition analyses indicated that biochar application reshaped both bacterial and fungal community structures. These findings highlight the potential of biochar as an effective soil amendment for mitigating the adverse effects of B contamination on rice seedlings and improving overall soil health.

91. 题目: Differential impacts of tea-woody plant intercropping patterns on the status of soil organic carbon, macronutrients and metallic nutrients
文章编号: N26010603
期刊: Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
作者: Dan Wang, Yuhua Liang, Benjuan Liu, Rui Cao, Shiquan Chen, Hanhui Xu, Wanqin Yang
更新时间: 2026-01-06
摘要: To mitigate soil degradation while maintaining agricultural productivity and enhancing tea quality and economic returns, agroforestry practices involving intercropping tea with fruit trees or legumes are increasingly adopted. Although the impacts of fruit/legumes-tea intercropping on soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics, nutrient cycling, and economic outputs are well-documented, the effects of tea-woody plant intercropping configurations on SOC and nutrient status remain less explored. To address this gap, we systematically evaluated the concentrations and stoichiometric ratios of SOC and macronutrients and metallic nutrients in 0–30 cm soil profiles (0–10 cm topsoil; 10–30 cm subsoil) under four tea-woody plant intercropping systems: tea-waxberry, tea-persimmon, tea-broad-leaved trees, and tea-deciduous cypress. A Soil Nutrient Status Index (SNSI) was developed to comprehensively evaluate soil nutrient conditions. Results indicated that intercropping generally enhanced SNSI. All intercropping systems increased total potassium (TK) (by 12–19 % in subsoil) but reduced total nitrogen (TN) levels, except in the subsoil under tea-deciduous cypress system. Tea-broad-leaved tree systems promoted substantial SOC accumulation (153 % increase compared to monoculture tea plantations) but induced severe nitrogen (N) limitation by escalating C:N ratio in topsoil. Tea-deciduous cypress intercropping improved SOC and total phosphorus (STP) concentrations but led to potassium (K) deficiencies, as indicated by reduced K:N and K:P ratios. Tea -waxberry intercropping substantially elevated metallic nutrients (Ca, Na, Mg, Mn) by 2–19-fold but decreased SOC and TN concentrations. Increased K:N and K:P ratios under most intercropping systems suggests K enrichment, yet exacerbating N:P imbalances. Metallic nutrients exhibited strong intercorrelations, with tea-waxberry system enhancing Mg:Zn and Na:Cu ratios. Subsoil layers exhibited stronger nutrient correlations than topsoil, indicating distinct biogeochemical processes. The study highlights trade-offs among intercropping systems: tea-broad-leaved tree intercropping supports carbon sequestration but requires N supplementation; tea-waxberry intercropping boosts metallic nutrients but reduces SOC stocks; and tea-deciduous cypress intercropping risks K deficiency. These findings underscore the necessity for context-specific intercropping strategies coupled with precision nutrient management to achieve balanced soil health and sustainable tea production, and provide deep insights for optimizing agroforestry practices in tea-growing regions.

92. 题目: From roots to residues: Tracing contrasting pathways of carbon incorporation into soil organic matter of a Mediterranean agricultural trial
文章编号: N26010602
期刊: Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
作者: Layla M San-Emeterio, Ian D Bull, Jens Holtvoeth, Rafael López-Núñez, José A González-Pérez
更新时间: 2026-01-06
摘要: Mediterranean agricultural soils are characterized by low organic matter content and high mineralization rates, making carbon stabilization a particular challenge. Here, we combined lipid biomarker analysis with compound-specific stable isotope analysis (CSIA) to trace the incorporation of maize-derived C following a crop switch from wheat (C3) to maize (C4). Two treatments were compared: (A) biomass+root inputs and (B) root-only inputs. Within 21 months, significant enrichment in δ13C was detected across compound classes, with long-chain n-alkanes, hydroxy acids and sterols showing increases of + 3 to + 6 ‰, especially in the upper 5 cm, while unsaturated fatty acids displayed minor contributions (< 1 ‰) due to rapid turnover. Aboveground residue inputs (treatment A) enhanced microbial assimilation of maize carbon in surface soils, leading to fast but short-lived incorporation, consistent with shorter bulk SOC mean residence times (MRT) of ca. 15 days compared to the root-only treatment (ca. 28 days). In contrast, root-derived inputs (treatment B) contributed to more persistent pools at depth, where bulk SOC MRTs increased up to 30 days and suberin-derived biomarkers showed pronounced environment. Bulk SOM δ13C showed smaller changes (< 1 ‰) than individual compounds, underscoring the value of CSIA for capturing short-term dynamics. These results demonstrate the complementary roles of aboveground residues and roots in shaping SOC turnover and stabilization. In Mediterranean soils with inherently low organic matter stability, residue management strongly mediates both the amount and persistence of new carbon, with implications for developing residue-management strategies that enhance potential pathways towards carbon stabilization in fragile Mediterranean agroecosystems.

93. 题目: Soil mineral-associated organic matter under conventional and no-till farming: Spatial drivers and local-scale mapping
文章编号: N26010601
期刊: Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
作者: Sofia Sushko, Yury Dvornikov, Svetlana Neprimerova, Kristina Ivashchenko, Anna Yudina, Antonina Grigorova, Nune Kovaleva, Ludmila Orlova, Chunsheng Hu
更新时间: 2026-01-06
摘要: Optimizing long-term soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration requires a mechanistic understanding of spatial variability and drivers of stable carbon pools. This study quantified the responses of stable mineral-associated (MAOM) and labile particulate organic matter (POM) to contrasting management systems in a commercial agricultural setting, identified key environmental drivers, and developed predictive spatial models. The study was conducted on Chernozem soils (291 ha) in the Russian forest-steppe ecotone, comparing a conventional tillage (CT) system (sunflower-wheat) with two no-tillage (NT) systems (soybean-sunflower-wheat) established for 5 and 8 years. NT systems received moderate nitrogen inputs (21–34 kg N ha⁻¹ annually), whereas CT received none. Ninety soil samples (0–10 cm) were analyzed using particle-size fractionation, microbial approach, X-ray diffraction and statistical modeling. NT had significantly increased MAOM (22–27 %) while decreasing POM (9–23 %) compared to CT. MAOM increased with MBC and dolomite content, but decreased with quartz content in silt-clay fraction (16 %, 8 % and 11 % of explained variance, respectively), underscoring microbial-mineral stabilization pathways. In contrast, POM variability was poorly predicted by soil microbial and mineral properties. Gradient boosting machine models integrating remote sensing indices with soil properties (SOC, MBC, quartz) achieved high predictive accuracy for both MAOM (R² = 0.77) and POM (R² = 0.73), enabling farm-scale mapping of these pools. Our results demonstrate that short-term NT, coupled with soybean inclusion and N fertilization can enhance SOC stability within a relatively short timeframe through microbial mediation. The integration of soil and remote sensing data offers a powerful framework for targeted SOC management and landscape-scale sequestration strategies in temperate agroecosystems, with potential relevance for other regions.

94. 题目: Tuning the upper porous structure to improve antibiotic removal performance of an electroactive membrane in the presence of realistic effluent organic matters
文章编号: N26010514
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Yinghui Mo, Jinxue Han, Yihan Wang, Liang Wang, Lei Tian
更新时间: 2026-01-05
摘要: Electroactive membranes (EMs) with the electroactive layer located at the bottom of the polymeric skeleton can reduce the adverse influence of effluent organic matters (EfOMs) on antibiotic removal in municipal secondary effluent. However, the impact of the porous structure of the top polymeric skeleton on the antibiotic removal performance of EMs still lacks understanding. This study fabricated three EMs by positioning the electroactive layer underneath three polyethersulfone (PES) substrates with different pore structures. The highest sulfamethoxazole (SMX) removal efficiency in the presence of EfOMs was achieved with the lab-prepared PES substrate. The rejection tests showed that the three PES substrates did not differ in their retention of EfOMs. However, the electroactive layer of the EM with the lab-prepared PES substrate experienced the least fouling. The low bottom surface porosity of this lab-prepared PES substrate may explain the superior SMX removal performance of the corresponding EM, which reduced the contact area between the electroactive layer and EfOMs. Furthermore, the multi-cycle experiment demonstrated that backwashing under a negative bias effectively restored the membrane flux of the EM, and the SMX removal rate for the three filtration cycles almost kept unchanged with comparably low energy consumption.

95. 题目: Dual environmental benefits of FeS-Fe(0)@biochar: Selective Cu recovery from plating wastewater and Cu-driven Fenton-like oxidation of organic pollutants at neutral pH
文章编号: N26010513
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Hanwool Yoon, Jaehyeong Park, Sunho Yoon, Minhee Choi, Jungho Lee, Jong Kwon Choe, Sungjun Bae
更新时间: 2026-01-05
摘要: In this study, a novel Fe-S-modified biochar (FeS-Fe(0)@BC) was synthesized via a one-pot synthesis for the highly selective recovery of Cu(II) and was reused for an enhanced Cu-based Fenton-like reaction at neutral pH. FeS-Fe(0)@BC showed a Cu(II) removal capacity (92.45 mg/g) 24 times higher than that of unmodified pristine biochar (3.85 mg/g). FeS-Fe(0)@BC exhibited a significantly high Cu(II) selectivity coefficient toward those of other metals in a mixed-metal solution (αCu/Zn = 4.7 × 102, αCu/Ni = 7.3 × 102, αCu/Co = 5.9 × 102). Furthermore, 93.9 % of the Cu(II) in real Cu(II)-plating wastewater was removed by FeS-Fe(0)@BC, demonstrating the applicability of the developed material for selective Cu(II) recovery. DFT and surface studies verified that the selective removal of Cu(II) occurred via the dissolved S species released from FeS-Fe(0)@BC. This resulted in the formation of Cu hydrogen sulfide species (CuSH+) on the FeS surface and its subsequent reduction to Cu2S nanoparticles via electron transfer from the inner Fe(0). Cu-adsorbed FeS-Fe(0)@BC (Cu@ISBC) was reused to enhance the oxidation of bisphenol A (BPA) by the addition of H2O2. Compared to FeS-Fe(0)@BC, Cu@ISBC exhibited enhanced BPA degradation under various pH conditions, with a 15-fold higher rate at pH 7. The electron spin resonance results suggested that the Cu@ISBC/H2O2 system could continuously generate a higher quantity of hydroxyl radicals at pH 7 than the FeS-Fe(0)@BC/H2O2 system. The novel findings of this study highlight the selective recovery of Cu(II) from heavy metal-containing wastewater and the subsequent use of spent adsorbents as effective oxidation catalysts.

96. 题目: Biochar derived from waste iron-rich biosludge promotes iron-nitrogen coupled nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment
文章编号: N26010512
期刊: Bioresource Technology
作者: Xiaojing Hao, Wei Zeng, Qingteng Gong, Mengjia Zhan, Haohao Miao, Chengcheng Yuan, Yongzhen Peng
更新时间: 2026-01-05
摘要: Traditional biological nitrogen removal faces sustainability challenges due to high energy consumption and chemical demands. This study developed a novel autotrophic process leveraging the Fe-N cycle, enhanced by biochar derived from waste iron-rich biosludge (BC-Fe). During 150-day operation, adding 1 g/L BC-Fe (450 °C) achieved a total nitrogen removal efficiency of 94 ± 1 %, reducing aeration energy by 68 % and eliminating the need for external carbon sources compared to conventional nitrification–denitrification. BC-Fe served as a substrate and electron shuttle, facilitating Fe(III) reduction coupled with anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Feammox), nitrate-dependent Fe(II) oxidation, and denitrification, thereby supplying nitrite for Anammox. It enhanced iron bioavailability and established integrated carbon, nitrogen, and iron cycles, promoting microbial metabolism and system resilience. Metagenomics revealed Candidatus Brocadia fulgida performing Feammox via hao, compensating for hzs/hdh deficiency, while Saprospiraceae utilized biochar-derived organics for denitrification. This work provides a scalable solution to promote circular economy principles in wastewater treatment.

97. 题目: Effects of biochar on farmland soil aggregate stability and phosphorus desorption
文章编号: N26010511
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Ping Xue, Tianxiao Li, Qiang Fu, Renjie Hou, Mo Li, Song Cui, Zhaoqiang Zhou, Qinglin Li, Fanying Kong
更新时间: 2026-01-05
摘要: Soil aggregates, as the basic functional units of soil, control soil structure and carbon and phosphorus cycling. However, the long-term effects of biochar on the distribution and stability of soil aggregates, carbon and phosphorus contents within these aggregates, and the soil phosphorus release potential remain unclear. Therefore, a three-year field plot experiment was conducted in farmland of Northeast China with three treatments: no biochar (C0), 15 t of biochar input at one time (C1) and 5 t of biochar input at three times (C2). The distribution of aggregates and their contributions to the carbon and phosphorus contents of the bulk soil were explored, the key driving factors for improving aggregate stability were identified, and the relationship between soil aggregate stability and phosphorus release was clarified. The results revealed that biochar increased the proportion of large macro-aggregates (>2 mm), small macro-aggregates (0.25–2 mm) and aggregate stability. Compared with that of C0, the mean weight diameter (MWD) of C1 and C2 increased by 17.11 % and 25.73 %, respectively. The aggregate distribution was closely related to the soil carbon and phosphorus contents, and compared with the other aggregates, the small macro-aggregates (0.25–2 mm) in the C1 and C2 contributed more to the soil carbon and phosphorus contents. Moreover, biochar significantly increased the aromaticity and hydrophobicity of soil organic carbon in the C1 and C2, and the biochar content, aromaticity and hydrophobicity were significantly positively correlated with MWD. Furthermore, the improvement in aggregate stability increased the phosphorus reserves in farmland soil and indirectly increased the soil phosphorus release potential. The amount of phosphorus desorbed following the C2 increased by 8.86 % compared with that of C0. Taken together, these results indicate that biochar increases carbon and phosphorus contents by increasing aggregate stability and that continuous low-dose application of biochar is more effective at improving phosphorus desorption than a single high-dose application. These results are helpful for evaluating the long-term effects of biochar on aggregate stability and developing biochar application patterns suitable for farmland soils.

98. 题目: Changes in photo-reactivity and optical properties of dissolved organic matter during the freezing process of water
文章编号: N26010510
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Man Yang, Jiaming Chen, Meng Yuan, Shuang Xue, Zhaohong Zhang
更新时间: 2026-01-05
摘要: The freezing of water in cold areas is a universal phenomenon. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is ubiquitous in environmental ices. DOM in ice can produce reactive species (RS) including singlet oxygen ( O 2 1 ), triplet excited-state DOM ( DOM * 3 ), and hydroxyl radical (•OH) upon light absorption, and induce indirect photolysis of contaminants in ice. In order to investigate the changes in photo-reactivity and optical properties of DOM during the freezing process of water, the freezing experiments were conducted on two natural water samples (2 L) at −10 and −20 °C with the freezing time of 60 h and 120 h in a freezer, respectively. The results showed that DOM was rejected from the ice phase and enriched in the unfrozen liquid phase during the freezing process of water. The freezing process caused changes in optical properties of DOM. The steady-state concentrations of RS ( [ RS ] ss ) in the original samples were lower than those in all unfrozen liquid samples, but higher than those in all melted ice samples, which were collected from the freezing experiments [ RS ] ss in liquid phase increased with increasing freezing time during freezing, which were mainly attributed to the enhanced light absorption of DOM in liquid phase.

99. 题目: Investigation of the aggregation and assembly mechanisms of trace organic compounds and dissolved organic matter using a combined approach of molecular dynamics simulations and experiments
文章编号: N26010509
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Yingcai Tang, Shuailin Xin, Liyu Xu, Hongyu Yang, Peiyan Sun, Lixin Ma, Weirong Liu, Huanyu Bao, Baozhen Liu, Yunze Ruan
更新时间: 2026-01-05
摘要: This study constructed generalized molecular models for diverse dissolved organic matter (DOM) components (lipids, peptides, carbohydrates, lignin, tannins, low-molecular-weight aromatics/aliphatics) and trace organic contaminants (TrOCs with positive, neutral, and negative charges). Large-scale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations (100 ns, 39 substances) were performed to elucidate cluster structures, surface properties, and aggregation dynamics, with and without an electric field. Four scenarios (Sce) were designed: (i) Sce-1 including atenolol (ATL) and DOM; (ii) Sce-2 including ATL, sulfamethoxazole (SMZ), carbamazepine (CBZ) and DOM; (iii) Sce-3 with the same composition as Sce-1 under an electric field; and (iv) Sce-4 excluding tannic acid (TAN) and humic acid (HA). Results showed that Ca2+, HA, and TAN act as bridging agents for stabilization, with π-π interactions, van der Waals forces, and hydrogen bonding as key drivers. Average radii of gyration were 4.01, 3.95, 4.25, and 4.22 nm in Sce-1 to Sce-4, respectively, while mean hydrogen bond numbers were 2.16, 0.79, 0.04, and 0.27, indicating more dispersed clusters in Sce-3 and Sce-4. In Sce-1 and Sce-2, short-range Coulombic (Coul-SR, −35,000 kJ/mol) and Lennard-Jones (LJ-SR, −1500 kJ/mol) energies yielded negative total non-bonded energies, forming compact aggregates. Experimental validation using river water confirmed simulation results. Adsorption with MIEX® resin (8 mg/L), followed by persulfate oxidation (0.3 g/L) catalyzed by Fe-Cu-Metal-Organic Framework (0.2 g/L), achieved complete ATL removal (20 mg/L) under an electric field. Fluorescence analysis showed 25.8 % peak intensity reduction. Electric fields disrupt clusters and enhance oxidant-mediated TrOC removal, while pre-removing of bridging molecules reduces cluster size for efficient elimination.

100. 题目: Post-abandonment management strategies influence future soil organic carbon storage and water resources
文章编号: N26010508
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Melani Cortijos López, Miriam Muñoz-Rojas, Javier Zabalza-Martínez, Teodoro Lasanta, Estela Nadal-Romero
更新时间: 2026-01-05
摘要: Mediterranean mountains have been identified as a hotspot for Climate Change. This shift is compounded by farmland abandonment and the subsequent changes in land use and cover linked to rural exodus. Understanding the consequences for different ecosystem services and developing strategies to address these challenges is essential in the context of Global Change. This study, conducted in the Leza Valley (Spain), investigates how three post-abandonment strategies-shrub clearing for pasture creation and agroforestry, secondary succession, and afforestation-could influence soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and water resources. Four climate scenarios from the IPCC (SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, SSP5-8.5) were selected for two-time frames (2035-2065 and 2070-2100), utilizing two predictive models: CarboSOIL for SOC stock assessment and RHESSys for streamflow projections. Although the effects of Climate Change were expected to reduce SOC stocks over time, these reductions were offset by increases resulting from all management strategies compared to current values. Afforestation was found to yield the greatest increase in SOC stocks in both the medium- and long-term, followed by secondary succession. Shrub clearing and agroforestry emerged as the most effective management for streamflow projections, with potential increases of up to 40 % under the SSP2-4.5 scenario by the end of the century. This strategy also stands out in an integrated soil-water balance, offering a combination of environmental and socio-economic benefits. Predictive models have proven to be valuable tools, helping with planning and decision-making in a Global Change scenario.