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81. 题目: Soil carbon allocation, composition, and sequestration changes induced by cropping diversification in tropical systems 文章编号: N25020202 期刊: Soil and Tillage Research 作者: Jorge Luiz Locatelli, Rafael Silva Santos, Sarah Tenelli, Matheus Bortolanza Soares, Stephen Del Grosso, Catherine E Stewart, Gustavo Vicentini Popin, Felipe Dalla zen Bertol, João Luís Nunes Carvalho, Maurício Roberto Cherubin, Carlos Eduardo Pellegrino Cerri 更新时间: 2025-02-02 摘要: Physical protection by carbon (C) occlusion inside soil aggregates is assumed to be a key mechanism for C stabilization. Nevertheless, little is known about how cropping diversification strategies affect C allocation and protection in soil aggregates and their stability, especially in highly weathered tropical soils. This study evaluated how cover crops and no-tillage affect soil organic matter (SOM) storage and aggregation in a tropical clayey Oxisol in the Brazilian Cerrado region. Changes in soil C and nitrogen (N) stocks, soil aggregate stability, C allocation within aggregates, and C speciation within aggregate classes using spectroscopy analysis were quantified. Soil C and N stocks under the most complex crop systems with cover crops increased by ∼20 % and 29 %, respectively, compared to soybean-maize double cropping. The systems including cover crops increased soil aggregate stability, doubling large macroaggregation in the 5–10 and 10–20 cm depths. Increased aggregation under cover crops enhanced C contents within aggregates, i.e., ∼48 %, 32 %, and 34 % higher for large macroaggregates, macroaggregates, and microaggregates, respectively, compared to soybean-maize double cropping (average considering different layers and cover cropping systems). Spectroscopy analysis showed that the diverse cropping systems increased the aromatic C (i.e., CC/C–C) in large macroaggregates at the 0–5 cm layer while reducing oxidized groups, i.e., CO/O–CO and C–O. Overall, our results revealed that cropping diversification is an effective strategy for increasing soil aggregate stability and physical protection of C (especially aromatic), and therefore can promote soil C storage in tropical soils. |
82. 题目: Soil organic carbon and nutrient content across agricultural systems in the forest-savannah transition zone of Cameroon 文章编号: N25020201 期刊: Soil and Tillage Research 作者: Viviane Pauline Mandah, Cargele Masso, Adalbert A Onana, Komi K M Fiaboe, Emmanuel Arthur, Mekonnen Giweta, Rose Ndango, Francis B T Silatsa, Duchel D I Voulemo, Jean Baptiste Biloa, Cedrick Ngeumezi, Paul Tematio 更新时间: 2025-02-02 摘要: Accurate knowledge of soil characteristics is indispensable for large-scale agriculture while ensuring sustainability, climate change adaptation, and mitigation, which is lacking in Cameroon. This study aimed to assess soil organic carbon (SOC) and nutrient (NPK) content across agricultural systems in the forest-savannah transition zone of Cameroon. Seven agricultural systems were identified namely: the forest-based cocoa agroforestry (Fcocoa), savannah-based cocoa agroforestry (Scocoa), transition zone-based cocoa agroforestry (Tcocoa), savannah mixed cropping of yam, pumpkin, and maize (Sypm), savannah mixed cropping of groundnut, cassava and maize (Sgcm), transition zone mixed cropping of yam, pumpkin, and maize (Typm), and the transition zone mixed cropping of groundnut, cassava, and maize (Tgcm). The soil was sampled at two depths, 0–10 cm (upper layer) and 10–30 cm (lower layer) in three replicates for each farming system and analyzed. Significant differences appeared in soil organic carbon (SOC) (p < 0.002), Total nitrogen (N) (p < 0.001), C:N ratio (p < 0.002), pH (p < 0.01), bulk density (Bd) (p < 0.03), soil organic carbon stock (SOCS) (p < 0.001), and soil nitrogen stock (SNS) (p < 0.001). In the upper and lower layers, the highest concentrations of SOC (25.0 and 16.6 g kg−1), N (2.3 and 1.5 g kg−1), and P (5.1 and 3.3 g kg−1) were recorded in Fcocoa, and K (176.9 and 129.3 mg kg−1) in Scocoa respectively. In the croplands, soil nutrient content was higher in the transition zone while savannah croplands showed higher Bd (≥ 1.4 g cm−3). Soil nutrient content decreased from upper to lower soil layers with a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the croplands for pH, SOCS, and SNS, with a higher magnitude (p < 0.01) in Sgcm. Thus, agroforestry can be considered a potential solution towards ecological resilience. |
83. 题目: Potential of biochar derived from sewage sludge and calcium sulfate as an amendment for acidic soils:milk Chinese cabbage cultivation 文章编号: N25020114 期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 作者: Wei Yi, Liheng Liu, Dunqiu Wang, Xuehong Zhang, Guo Yu 更新时间: 2025-02-01 摘要: To evaluate the potential of calcium sulfate/sewage sludge-based biochar (SCBC) as an acidic soil amendment, experiments on milk Chinese cabbage cultivation were performed. Except for TN, the pH and TP, K, Ca and Mg contents of the soil significantly increased with SCBC doses (0, 2.5%, 5.0% and 10.0%) after milk Chinese cabbage harvest (p<0.05), resulting in an increase of soil fertility from 0.31 to 0.39, 0.36 and 0.40. The contents of Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu and Ni in the soils also elevated significantly with SCBC dose, yet the corresponding Nemerow composite pollution index, potential ecological risk index and geo-accumulation index were within the acceptable ranges (0.59~0.78; 4.7~7.6; -2.74~-0.40). The activities of urease (603.2, 665.0, and 442.3 mg/g), sucrase (4.367, 5.599, and 5.087 mg/g), alkaline phosphatase (11.70, 13.89, and 16.49 mol/kg), and catalase (8.272, 13.92, and 11.25 μmol/min) in SCBC-amended soils were significantly higher than those of no-SCBC soil (257.7 mg/g, 2.469 mg/g, 7.800 mol/kg and 2.709 μmol/min). The abundance and diversity of microorganisms in the soil tended to decrease and then increase with the dose of SCBC. The predominant microbes at the phylum level for all SCBC amendment levels were Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota and Patescibacteria, whose sum of abundance was above 75.1%. At the genus level, the dominant microbes (e.g., norank_Caulobacteraceae, Ralstonia, Sphingomonas, Pseudomonas, Dyadobacter, Novosphingobium) had good heavy metal tolerance and hydrocarbon degradation. The SCBC amendment increased the plant height of milk Chinese cabbage from 11.9 cm to 17.6, 18.8 and 20.1 cm, whereas the maximum biomass of root and above-ground tissues (1.561 and 4.608 g/6-plant) was observed at 5.0% SCBC amendment. Meanwhile, 5.0% SCBC amendment resulted in lower levels of Fe, Mn, Cu and Ni in roots and above-ground tissues except Zn, while bioconcentration factor and bioaccumulation factor were less than 1.0 for all heavy metals. Moreover, SCBC amendment reduced the hazard index of milk Chinese cabbage from 1.006 to 0.6264, 0.6317 and 0.7230. In conclusion, SCBC had the potential to be used as an acidic soil amendment with a suitable dosage recommendation of 5.0%. |
84. 题目: Enhancing soil quality and maize growth while reducing Cd accumulation with biochar and humic acid in northwestern China 文章编号: N25020113 期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 作者: Ziyi Li, Xiangbnag Ma, Shuangting Zhang, Geng Chen, Yineng Lu, Rong Tan, Ram Proshad, Xifeng Zhang, Xiuwen Cheng, Zhuanjun Zhao 更新时间: 2025-02-01 摘要: Heavy metal (HM) contamination of soil has posed an international risk to food safety. Biochar (BC) and humic acid (HA) are commonly employed to mitigate HM pollution. Both BC and HA can potentially influence the availability of cadmium (Cd) in soil. However, further investigation is required to understand their impacts and the mechanisms affecting Cd bioavailability and soil quality, particularly in the arid and semi-arid regions of Northwest China. Rice husk biochar (RBC) and HA were used on the actual polluted cropland soil in this investigation to reduce Cd pollution, improve soil quality, and promote maize plant growth. Results revealed that RBC, HA, and their combined application had significant effects on regulating the soil nutrient levels and Cd mobility and uptake by maize plants. The soil CEC and SOM levels rose the most in the T4 treatment (with 0.5% RBC and 0.5% HA added), by 13.10% and 45.31%, respectively, compared to the control. It was the T1 treatment (with 0.5% RBC added) that reduced soil DTPA-Cd by 19.01%, which was the most significant amount. Grain and root Cd levels decreased from 23.84% to 44.27% and from 25.03% to 35.35%, respectively.Average maize yields increased from 26.31% to 51.74%. Furthermore, the results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated that the oxygen-containing functional groups (such as -OH and -COOH) present in RBC and RBC-HA could be considered as the primary mechanism of Cd adsorption. This research showed that RBC and HA can improve the quality of heavy metal-contaminated farmland, stop plants from taking in Cd, and raise maize yields. |
85. 题目: Identifying the Molecular Signatures of Organic Matter Leached from Land-Applied Biosolids via 21 T FT-ICR Mass Spectrometry 文章编号: N25020112 期刊: Environmental Science & Technology 作者: Anne M Kellerman, Yang Lin, Amy M McKenna, Todd Z Osborne, Andy Canion, Yewon Lee, Andressa M Freitas, Jeffrey P Chanton, Robert G M Spencer 更新时间: 2025-02-01 摘要: Intensification of wastewater treatment residual (i.e., biosolid) applications to watersheds can alter the amount and composition of organic matter (OM) mobilized into waterways. To identify novel tracers of biosolids, characterization of biosolids and their impacts on OM composition in recipient ecosystems is required. Here, water-soluble OM was leached from surface soils from Florida pastures with differing levels of biosolid amendment and an adjacent control site. The biosolid endmember was further constrained by extracting water-soluble OM from biosolids sourced from four Florida wastewater treatment facilities. Nontargeted analysis of organic molecules by negative-ion electrospray ionization 21 T Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry examined the molecular composition of soil and biosolid leachates and identified molecular formulas unique to these biosolids and biosolid amended soils. Overall, biosolids leachates were enriched in aliphatic (+16.3% relative abundance) and heteroatomic (+42.5% RA) formulas and depleted in aromatic formulas (−33.5% RA) compared to soil leachates. A subset of 297 molecular formulas were present only in biosolids and amended soil leachates (i.e., not present in control soil leachates), the vast majority of which contained nitrogen (66%) or sulfur (27%). The identification of these molecular formulas is a key step in identifying novel tracers of biosolids movement through impacted watersheds. |
86. 题目: Revealing Molecular Connections between Dissolved Organic Matter in Surface Water Sources and Their Cytotoxicity Influenced by Chlorination Disinfection 文章编号: N25020111 期刊: Environmental Science & Technology 作者: Huihui Hong, Hai Huang, Sheng-Ao Li, Jinxian Lin, Kun Luo, Xinghong Cao, Fuyi Cui, Zhou Zhou, Hua Ma 更新时间: 2025-02-01 摘要: Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is the primary precursor of disinfection products (DBPs) during chlorination. However, the compositional characteristics of DOM transformation during the chlorination process in different source waters and its relationship to cytotoxicity remain understudied. Here, we used high-resolution mass spectrometry to evaluate chlorination-induced molecular-level changes in DOM derived from different surface water sources. We correlated DOM components with the cytotoxicity profiles of selected DBPs using new alternative methods with predictive toxicological assessments. Our findings indicate a selective chlorination of DOM in natural waters and a tendency for lignin and protein conversion during the manual chlorination process. The reactivity of bioactive compounds decreased in the order of lignin > protein > tannin or ConAC. The cytotoxicity of DOM from source waters is mainly attributed to lignin- and protein-like compounds within the CHO and CHNO groups. Additionally, mitochondrial damage is a highly sensitive indicator of DOM-induced cytotoxicity. The toxicity profiles of DBPs revealed 37 common toxicity-driving components characterized by low mass, medium H/C ratio, low O/C ratio, reduction state, and hydrophobicity. Our findings highlight the need to exploit the health effects of DOM and provide substantial experimental evidence for the necessity to remove potential toxicants. |
87. 题目: Effects of polylactic acid microplastics on dissolved organic matter across soil types: Insights into molecular composition 文章编号: N25020110 期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials 作者: Liying Chen, Hongkai Huang, Lanfang Han, Liang Chao, Xuanwei Zhang, Beibei Liu, Chenyan Luo, Weiling Mo, Yanpeng Cai, Zhifeng Yang 更新时间: 2025-02-01 摘要: Increasing evidence has highlighted the effects of biodegradable microplastics (MPs) on soil organic matter (SOM), but the role of soil type and incubation time remains unclear. This study investigated the effects of polylactic acid microplastics (PLA-MPs) on the amount and molecular composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) across three paddy soil types (Ferralsol, Alfisol, and Mollisol) and incubation times, revealing soil-specific patterns in DOM transformation: PLA-MPs reduced DOM content in Ferralsol and Alfisol by 29.3–68.2 mg/kg and 27.3–30.9 mg/kg, respectively, but initially increased it in Mollisol (30 d: 220.9 mg/kg; 60 d: 622.0 mg/kg). Molecular analyses revealed a decrease in DOM component diversity at both 30 and 180 d, potentially due to PLA-MPs stimulating microbial activity and accelerating native SOM decomposition. PLA-MPs promoted the formation of CHO (containing carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O)) compounds, whereas microbes selectively decomposed CHONS (containing C, H, O, nitrogen (N), and sulfur (S)) compounds to meet C and N demands, particularly in Ferralsol and Alfisol. This study enhances the understanding of biodegradable MPs’ impact on SOM, emphasizing the role of soil properties. |
88. 题目: A review on amino acids as proxies for organic matter degradation in aquatic ecosystems: implications for nutrient cycling, climate change, and ecosystem management 文章编号: N25020109 期刊: Environmental Science and Pollution Research 作者: Shahnawaz Hassan, Bikram Singh Bali, Wani Muneer, Aarif Yaseen, Sabreena Bhat, Muzafar Zaman, Shahid Ahmad Ganiee, Abdul Jalil Shah, Bashir Ahmad Ganai 更新时间: 2025-02-01 摘要: The fate and degradation of organic matter in aquatic systems is a vital link in nutrient cycling and sedimentation processes influenced by exogenous and endogenous factors, such as inputs from upstream sources, sediment suspension, and the decomposition of aquatic organisms. The interplay of organic carbon, microbes, and environmental factors shapes the distribution and degradation of organic matter. Characterizing the source distribution of sedimentary organic matter in aquatic systems using novel proxies can unravel new insights into the mechanisms that control its dispersal, preservation and fate, which is essential to understanding the global carbon and nitrogen cycles. Therefore, the present review critically investigated amino acids as crucial markers for assessing the degradation status in lacustrine and marine sediments and highlighted the pivotal function of biotic and abiotic determinants that influence the mineralization of organic matter. The review thoroughly discussed studies on the spatio-temporal distribution patterns of amino acids and their bio-refractory nature to overcome the challenges in evaluating sediment organic matter degradation in aquatic systems. Recognizing the paramount impact of climate change on aquatic ecosystems, the review further elucidated how integrating amino acid–based data into climate models is essential for predicting complex interplay between degradation processes and evolving environmental dynamics. Finally, the specific needs for further research and recommendations for developing efficient and sustainable strategies to study organic matter degradation were highlighted. The present review will deliver fresh inferences to researchers, ecologists, and policymakers for a better understanding of source distribution and degradation status of organic matter for evidence-based conservation and management strategies. Graphical |
89. 题目: Contrasting effects of historically and freshly contaminated soils by biochar on the immobilization of cd under combined aging 文章编号: N25020108 期刊: Environmental Earth Sciences 作者: Qin Zhao, Zhuowen Meng, Shuang Huang, Wenquan Gu, Lei Xin 更新时间: 2025-02-01 摘要: Most current research focuses on the remediation of heavy metal contamination by biochar in one type of soil. However, there are few comparative studies on the remediation effects in fresh and historically contaminated soils. To simulate the eight-year natural aging process, we measured the transformation of Cd in both freshly contaminated soil (NS) and historically contaminated soil (OS) treated with rice straw biochar made at 400 °C (BC400) and 700 °C (BC700) during combined dry-wet and freeze-thaw cycles for 72 days. Standing comparison with CK, the availability of Cd in NS-BC400 and NS-BC700 reduced from 0.16 mg·kg− 1 to nearly 0, and OS-BC400 and OS-BC700 reduced from 1.7 mg·kg− 1 to 0.6 and 0.2 mg·kg− 1 at day 72. During the 72-day aging process, the average Tessier exchangeable Cd percent of OS, OS-BC400, and OS-BC700 were 70%, 59%, and 52%; and those of NS, NS-BC400, and NS-BC700 were 65%, 62%, and 51%. Compared with CK, the Tessier exchangeable Cd (F1) of NS-BC700, OS-BC400 and OS-BC700 significantly reduced by 20.3%, 10.7%, and 22.2% at day 72, respectively, but that of NS-BC400 had no obvious change. The contribution of biochar and soil to the reduction of F1 was different in OS and NS with different biochars. For OS treated with biochar, the relative percent contribution of biochar to the reduction of F1 was nearly 100%, and that of OS was almost no contribution. However, for NS treated with biochar, the relative percent contribution of BC400 and BC700 to the reduction of F1 decreased from 86.1% to 89.5% at day 3 to 21.2% and 49% at day 72. |
90. 题目: Effects of biochar and compost on the bioavailability of heavy metals in soil aggregates with varying particle sizes 文章编号: N25020107 期刊: Journal of Soils and Sediments 作者: Fanghong Li, Shilin Jiang, Ge Chen, Dan Wan, Liuqin He, Jiachao Zhang, Keqi Zhao, Hongli Huang, Lin Luo, Genyi Wu, Lihua Zhang 更新时间: 2025-02-01 摘要: PurposeApplication of compost and biochar might lower the amount of heavy metals presented in soil, but their effects on the heavy metals in soil aggregates were ignored. Therefore, the main research contents of this study included the changes of physicochemical properties and nutrients contents in soil aggregates, morphological distribution of heavy metals (Cu, As, and Cd), and the relationships between heavy metal speciation and physicochemical parameters of soil aggregates. The purpose of this study was conducted to investigate the effects of compost and biochar in decreasing heavy metals toxicity and morphological distribution, and identify the key factors influencing heavy metals toxicity. Materials and methodsBiochar was derived through the pyrolysis of rice straw. Compost was obtained by composting of straw, fresh soil, discarded vegetable leaves, and wood bits. Four groups were set in the experiment: Group S with no additives; Group S+B incorporating 5% biochar; Group S+C incorporating 5% compost; and Group S+B+C simultaneously incorporating 5% compost and 5% biochar. Soil aggregates were isolated by a modified dry sieve method. Heavy metal speciation was determined using the BCR method. ResultsBiochar and compost effectively mitigated the toxicity of Cd. The potential ecological risks (RI) of Cu, As and Cd all decreased with the inputs of the amendment, especially for combined addition of biochar and compost. The soil organic amendment of biochar and compost facilitated the formation of larger aggregates, thereby transferring heavy metals from smaller aggregates with higher potential risks to more stable larger aggregates, indirectly decreasing the bioavailability of heavy metals. Additionally, both Cd and Cu were negatively correlated with soil organic matter (SOM) and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), whereas As exhibited a positive correlation with these variables. ConclusionThis study revealed that biochar and compost effectively reduced the bioavailability and toxicity of heavey metals in aggregates, and the properties of aggregates could also influence heavey metals bioavailability. This study contributes valuable theoretical agroecosystem services for the optimization of heavy metal pollution by compost and biochar. |
91. 题目: Biochar matrix anchoring pure phase Fe3C to promote advanced oxidation: A reliable pathway for organic wastewater purification 文章编号: N25020106 期刊: Separation and Purification Technology 作者: Jinghan Peng, Haixue Zhao, Haijian Wang, Yijing Feng, Yanan Yang, Yingtang Zhou, Nihong An, Xue Zhao 更新时间: 2025-02-01 摘要: Advanced oxidation process (AOPs) have a significant effect on eliminating harmful organic pollutants including bisphenol A (BPA) in water, but their effectiveness depends on the input of highly active catalysts. Here, a two-dimensional biochar platform was built using inexpensive pomelo mesocarp biomass as raw material, and a highly efficient AOPs catalyst (Fe/BC) with uniform dispersion of iron species was fabricated by surface crystallization, surface encapsulation, and pyrolysis technology. The Fe/BC-PMS (PMS: peroxymonosulfate) system can degrade up to 95.4 % of BPA in 30 min, and the mineralization rate up to 65.8 %, and still maintain about 80 % performance after repeated use for six times. The Fe/BC-PMS system can degrade BPA in complex water environments, including acidic and alkaline conditions, solutions containing coexisting cations and anions, and different water qualities. Continuous and efficient purification of organic pollutants was realized by mixing Fe/BC with quartz sand as the key component of a purification column, demonstrating the potential of Fe/BC in practical applications. Electrochemical signal response combined with radical capture and monitoring confirmed that Fe/BC drives PMS to convert into ·OH, SO4·- and 1O2, which are key reactive oxygen species that promote BPA degradation. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the Fe3C site in Fe/BC can spontaneously adsorb PMS and activate O–O bond, which is the key to promoting the conversion of PMS into ROS. These findings offer a crucial experimental and theoretical foundation for the development of advanced AOPs catalysts, presenting cost-effective and efficient solutions for the degradation of harmful organic pollutants. |
92. 题目: Dual benefits of resource recycling and pollution mitigation: Enhanced cadmium adsorption using modified biochar from traditional Chinese medicine straw 文章编号: N25020105 期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 作者: Huayan Huang, Jiannan Jian, Shan Tao, Zheng Gao, Chaoqun Yan, Yuxian Shangguan, Heng Xu, Huakang Liu 更新时间: 2025-02-01 摘要: To address the dual challenges of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) agricultural waste and heavy metal pollution, this study investigated the preparation of biochar from Asparagus cochinchinensis (Lour.) Merr. straw (BC) and its modification using H₃PO₄ (PBC), CO(NH₂)₂ (UBC), and CO(NH₂)₂·H₃PO₄ (PUBC) for cadmium (Cd) removal. The addition of CO(NH2)2 and CO(NH2)2·H3PO4 promoted pore formation, with UBC achieving the highest Cd adsorption capacity of 20.38 mg g-1 at 25 °C, a 67.49% improvement over unmodified BC. The Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin models suggested that both monolayer and multilayer chemisorption contributed to Cd adsorption. Electrostatic interaction, surface coordination and pores fillings were identified as the main adsorption mechanisms. Notably, PUBC exhibited stable Cd removal (77.98%–83.40%) under varying pH, highlighting the benefits of N-P co-doping for pH stability. In contrast, the performance improvement of PBC compared to BC was marginal, with only a 15.95%–27.38% increase in adsorption capacity. Recycling experiments over 10 cycles showed BC and PBC fell below 80% recovery efficiency after the 9th cycle, while UBC and PUBC maintained around 82% after 10 cycles, demonstrating superior regeneration potential and extended lifespans. This study underscores the dual advantages of recycling agricultural waste and enhancing environmental restoration through N, P, and N-P co-doping strategies. The findings provide a foundation for future applications of TCM-derived biochars and tailored modifications for Cd remediation, paving the way for sustainable resource utilization and pollution control. |
93. 题目: Microbial metabolism in wormcast affected the perturbation on soil organic matter by microplastics under decabromodiphenyl ethane stress 文章编号: N25020104 期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials 作者: Yanna Han, Mengru Fu, Yuhe Yang, Zhiyin Zhang, Tianzi Liu, Shanqi Zhou, Zhihua Qiao, Gehui Wang, Cheng Peng, Wei Zhang 更新时间: 2025-02-01 摘要: Large-scale plastic wastes annually inevitably induce co-pollution of microplastics (MPs) and novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs), while gaps remain concerning their effect on terrestrial function. We investigated the impact of polylactic acid (PLA) or polyethylene (PE) MPs after aging in soil-earthworm microcosms under decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) contamination. MPs altered the food (i.e. soil) of earthworms and affected cast composition, which in turn further affected soil function. After 28 days of exposure, MPs, especially UV-aged MPs, caused the significant enrichment of plastics-degrading bacteria and C/N cycling functions in wormcast, with increased dissolved organic matter consumption after co-exposure (1 % MPs accompanied by 10 mg kg−1 DBDPE). Aging significantly affected soil carbon sequestration, while its effects varied depending on the types of MPs. Notably, soil organic matter was the most impactor affecting wormcast bacteria, highlighting the importance of earthworm’s activity on soil carbon. In comparison, PLA-MPs induced stronger responses to the C/N cycling process based on its biodegradable property than PE-MPs, however, aging had a greater effect on PE-MPs due to the formation of oxygen molecules from nothing in the structure. This study expands our current understanding of the interactions of aged MPs and DBDPE in the terrestrial ecosystem. SynopsisThis study highlighted that both MPs before and aging altered the bacterial communities in wormcast and further affected soil ecology during earthworm feeding and excretion. |
94. 题目: Evaluation of the importance of sediment organic matter composition for CH4 production by microcosm tests with and without addition of natural sources (cyanobacterial biomass and riparian pasture) in two subtropical, eutrophic reservoirs 文章编号: N25020103 期刊: Environmental Science and Pollution Research 作者: Mauricio González-Piana, Ana Fernández-Scavino, Donato Seiji Abe, Corina Sidagis, Celina Garreta, Natalia Venturini, Stefani Martinez, Julieta Cuevas, Sol De Giacomi, Guillermo Chalar 更新时间: 2025-02-01 摘要: The biochemical composition of sediments, which depends on the origin of the organic matter (OM), is decisive in methane (CH4) production. This study aimed to determine the CH4 produced under anaerobic conditions from different substrates: native reservoir sediments and sediments with the addition of complex OM from Microcystis spp. blooms and terrestrial plants (pasture), alongside the biochemical characterization of the substrates used. The biochemical composition of the sediments explained the differences in CH4 production rate (µmol/g OM/day). Positive correlations were found between CH4 production rate and proteins (PRT) (r = 0.695), lipids (LIP) (r = 0.582), TN (r = 0.605), and biopolymeric carbon (BPC) (r = 0.784). Principal component analysis showed an association of CH4 production rate with PRT, LIP, TN, and BPC concentrations, sharing the same direction of the vectors. The addition of Microcystis bloom and pasture to the sediments significantly increased the rate and production of CH4 compared to native sediments, with higher values for bloom addition. In the studied reservoirs, cyanobacteria biomass is a very important source of organic matter to the sediments and a support for methanogenesis. Nonetheless, OM from surrounding vegetation, mainly pastures, could also play a significant role during events that increase reservoir levels, generating important CH4 emission “hot spots” at the periphery of the reservoirs.
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95. 题目: Promoting caproate production using anaerobically digested sludge-derived biochar: Performances, mechanisms, and environmental impacts 文章编号: N25020102 期刊: Bioresource Technology 作者: Zhong-Fang Sun, Jie Gao, Chuan Chen, Kai-Kai Wu, Dong-Mei Liu, Shan-Shan Yang, De-Feng Xing, Ai-Jie Wang, Nan-Qi Ren, Lei Zhao 更新时间: 2025-02-01 摘要: Carbon chain elongation offers a promising pathway for converting waste resources into caproate. However, challenges in yield and selectivity have limited its broader application. To address these limitations, anaerobically digested sludge-derived biochar (ADS-B) was incorporated into the carbon chain elongation process. The findings reveal that the addition of 20 g/L ADS-B resulted in the highest net caproate yield (6.5 g/L) and selectivity (61.1%). Further analysis highlighted that ADS-B's superior physicochemical properties enhanced the conversion of butyrate to caproate and facilitated the colonization of key microorganisms, such as Terrisporobacter and Clostridium, essential for caproate production. Additionally, a life cycle assessment indicated that ADS-B addition effectively reduced the environmental impact of caprate production, with additional potential for further mitigation through feedstock substitution. This study provides critical insights into the application of anaerobically digested sludge-derived biochar for enhancing carbon chain elongation, presenting an alternative approach for waste reutilization. |
96. 题目: Effects of stratified microbial extracellular polymeric substances on microalgae dominant biofilm formation and nutrients turnover under batch and semi-continuous operation 文章编号: N25020101 期刊: Bioresource Technology 作者: Jing-Tian Zhang, Jian-Xia Wang, Yang Liu, Jing-Han Wang, Zhan-You Chi 更新时间: 2025-02-01 摘要: Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are well-acknowledged to accelerate microalgal biofilm formation, yet specific role of stratified EPS is unknown. Bacterial biofilm stratified EPS could enrich phosphorus, whether microalgal biofilm stratified EPS could also realize phosphorus or nitrogen enrichment remains unclarified. This study investigated microalgae dominant biofilm growth characteristics and nutrients removal via inoculating microalgae and stratified bacterial EPS at various microalgae:bacteria ratios. Soluble-EPS favored biofilm establishment and chlorophyll synthesis, while loosely-bound (LB-EPS) and tightly-bound EPS (TB-EPS) improved phosphorus removal, and optimum microalgae:bacteria cell count ratio was 1:0.5. Under semi-continuous operation, stable and efficient nutrients removal was observed at hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 2 days. Both nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment by TB-EPS over LB-EPS (respectively up to 7.9 and 23.8 times) were innovatively discovered, with enhanced nutrients turnover efficiency at higher HRTs. This study provided direct evidences regarding the role of stratified EPS on microalgal biofilm development and nutrients turnover. |
97. 题目: Biochar doping of synthesized mordenite improves adsorption and oxidation in As(III) removal: Experiments and DFT calculations 文章编号: N25013116 期刊: Environmental Research 作者: Guangwei Wu, Jing Lin, Bin Wang, Fuyang Huang, Quan Long, Weiguo Tu 更新时间: 2025-01-31 摘要: In this study, a composite material was synthesized through the co-pyrolysis of biochar doped with synthetic mordenite. The adsorption experiments conducted with BC@ASM on As(III) facilitated the determination of the optimal mass ratio of 20:1 (ASM: Yak dung) and a pyrolysis temperature of 500 °C. The adsorption properties of ASM and BC@ASM were examined through batch adsorption experiments and a range of characterization techniques. And the reaction mechanism was further elucidated by DFT calculations, revealing the essential difference in the adsorption of As(III) by ASM and BC@ASM .The adsorption kinetics of As(III) were found to align with both the pseudo-second-order and Elovich kinetic models, while the isothermal adsorption was consistent with the Freundlich model. The maximum theoretical adsorption capacities were determined to be 371.9 mg/g and 449.6 mg/g, respectively. When the initial concentration of arsenite (As(III)) is 100 mg/L, the optimal dosage of synthetic mordenite is determined to be between 6 and 8 g/L, while the optimal dosage of the composite material ranges from 5 to 6 g/L. The composite material demonstrated significant resistance to fluctuations in pH. Within the pH range of 2 to 12, the removal efficiency is sustained between 78.3% and 88.7%. Furthermore, the adsorption capacity exhibited minimal sensitivity to the presence of anions such as chloride (Cl⁻), nitrate (NO₃⁻), bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻), and sulfate (SO₄2⁻) in the surrounding environment. In addition, BC@ASM facilitated the formation of arsenite-tannic acid complexes, which markedly improved its adsorption capacity for arsenite. In conclusion, the composite material presents a viable approach for addressing arsenic contamination in aquatic environments, while the foundational data offers a novel perspective for the remediation of metallic pollutants. |
98. 题目: Iron(II/III) Alters the Relative Roles of the Microbial Byproduct and Humic Acid during Chromium(VI) Reduction and Fixation by Soil-Dissolved Organic Matter 文章编号: N25013115 期刊: Environmental Science & Technology 作者: Wentao Wang, Xiaoyu Fang, Qing-long Fu, Chuanqin Huang, Linchuan Fang, Jing Zhang, Xionghan Feng, Wenfeng Tan, Fan Liu, Jiangshan Li, Hui Yin 更新时间: 2025-01-31 摘要: Though reduction of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) to Cr(III) by dissolved organic matter (DOM) is critical for the remediation of polluted soils, the effects of DOM chemodiversity and underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated yet. Here, Cr(VI) reduction and immobilization mediated by microbial byproduct (MBP)- and humic acid (HA)-like components in (hot) water-soluble organic matter (WSOM), (H)WSOM, from four soil samples in tropical and subtropical regions of China were investigated. It demonstrates that Cr(VI) reduction capacity decreases in the order WSOM > HWSOM and MBP-enriched DOM > HA-enriched DOM due to the higher contents of low molecular weight saturated compounds and CHO molecules in the former. The presence of Fe(II/III) selectively coprecipitates with high molecular weight components (e.g., tannins, lignin, and CHON-rich compounds) to form ferrihydrite and greatly inhibits Cr(VI) transformation and fixation in MBP-enriched DOM but enhances that in HA-enriched DOM. This is probably owing to the combined effects of (1) the increase of DOM electron-donating capacity and Fe(II) generation during the reactions of HA with Fe(II) and Fe(III), respectively; (2) the enrichment of phenolic and carboxyl groups, aromatic compounds, and carbon defects on ferrihydrite surfaces; and (3) the acceleration of HA decomposition and MBP mineralization by hydroxyl radicals. These findings enhance our understanding of the chemodiversity of soil DOM, the complex interactions between Cr(VI), DOM, and Fe(II/III), and can help design remediation strategies for contaminated environments. |
99. 题目: Investigating the adsorption performance of calcium-rich biochar on CDOM from actual rifapentine pharmaceutical wastewater using spectroscopic techniques 文章编号: N25013114 期刊: Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology 作者: Jiali Liu, Qian Wen, Maoyun Xu, Yuhuan Wu, Xujing Guo 更新时间: 2025-01-31 摘要: As a sustainable and low-cost adsorbent, calcium-rich biochar prepared from crab shells is an effective resource utilization method. Crab shell biochar (CSB) was used to adsorb chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) from the actual rifapentine pharmaceutical wastewater (RPWW). Synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy (SFS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in combination with two-dimensional correlated spectroscopy (2D-COS) were used to investigate the adsorption performance and mechanism of CDOM components. The results showed that the CSB has the best adsorption effect on chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the RPWW (pH=7.0, COD=100 mg/L) when biochar dosage was 1.2 g/L, and the removal rate of COD reached 75.33%. The removal rate of fluorescent components, including protein-like (284 nm), fulvic-like (367 and 375 nm), and humic-like (390, 402, 422, 430, 465, and 490 nm) substances, ranges from 59.77% to 81.88% when COD concentration is less than 200 mg/L. The three peaks at 334 (fulvic-like), 367 (fulvic-like) and 422 nm (humic-like) play an important role in the adsorption of biochar to rifampicin wastewater, which have strong correlation coefficient. The 2D-COS analysis indicated that humic-like substances at 422 nm can be preferentially removed by the biochar adsorption, and the removal of fulvic-like at 334 nm showed a lag. Meanwhile, the band at 1450 cm-1 (e.g. carboxyl δO–H, alkane δCH3) can also preferentially participated in adsorption, suggesting that the π-π EDA effect and the form of hydrogen-bond are potential adsorption mechanism. The study could provide valuable insights into the development of efficient technologies for the treatment of antibiotic pharmaceutical wastewater. |
100. 题目: U(VI) removal by zerovalent manganese modified corn straw biochar in acidic wastewater: Efficiency, characteristics and mechanism 文章编号: N25013113 期刊: Chemosphere 作者: Taotao Zeng, Yusong Fu, Min Yang, Qiqi Deng, Shengbin Chen, Yingjiu Liu, Jun Li 更新时间: 2025-01-31 摘要: The chemical and radiological toxicity of uranium can present a significant risk to both human health and environmental safety. Thus, ZVMn-BC was synthesized through borohydride reduction aimed at investigating its performance in removing U(VI) in acidic environment (pH = 3). Several batch experiments were conducted to assess the sorption capability under various operational conditions and the relevant experimental data were investigated by kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamic equations. ZVMn-BC exhibited excellent resistance to interference and showed a superiority on U(VI) removal over zerovalent manganese (ZVMn) and corn straw biochar (BC). Under condition of pH 3, and ambient temperature of 303 K with 0.4 g/L of adsorbent, ZVMn-BC exhibited a theoretical sorption quantity of 274.78 mg/g. The sorption process was spontaneous and endothermic, primarily relying on chemical adsorption. The interaction mechanism involved electrostatic interaction, hydrolysis precipitation, complexation, and redox reactions. This study verified that ZVMn-BC exhibits effective performance for U(VI) eliminating in acidic wastewater. |
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