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101. 题目: Synergistic mechanism of pore channel-surface interaction enhancing adsorption performance of perfluorooctanoic acid on crab shell-derived biochar
文章编号: N26030307
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Yanling Qu, Yujiao Kan, Xiaoqiang Cao, Yizhen Zhang, Longlong Zhang
更新时间: 2026-03-03
摘要: The treatment of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in water is a major challenge in the environmental field. In this study, four different biochar materials were prepared from discarded crab shells through pyrolysis and a series of chemical modifications, and their adsorption performance and mechanism for a typical long-chain PFAS, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), were systematically investigated. Firstly, unmodified crab shell biochar (W-BC) with rich mesoporous structure was prepared by controlling the pyrolysis temperature at 500°C, which was used as a benchmark to evaluate the intrinsic adsorption capacity of the physical structure. On this basis, polypyrrole modified biochar (B-BC) was synthesized by in-situ polymerization, modified biochar (J-BC) was prepared by copolymerization of sulfobetaine polymer (SBMA) and acrylamide (AM), and iron-copper bimetallic modified biochar (T-BC) was fabricated by one-step pyrolysis. The materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption-desorption, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and systematic adsorption kinetics, isotherms, and mechanism studies were conducted. The results showed that W-BC already had good adsorption capacity for PFOA due to its developed mesoporous structure. After modification, the adsorption capacities of B-BC, J-BC, and T-BC increased by approximately 30%, 43.3%, and 17.4% compared to W-BC, respectively. This study clearly revealed the synergistic and restrictive relationship between the physical pore structure as the mass transfer basis and the surface chemical properties as the adsorption driving force, providing a profound theoretical basis for the rational design of high-performance PFAS adsorption materials.

102. 题目: Enhanced production and structure regulation of artificial humic acids from kitchen waste via a two-step hydrothermal process
文章编号: N26030306
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Hu Xu, Li Li, Zhiwei Zhao, Yexuan He, Baochuan Qi, Yangyang Li, Xin Sheng
更新时间: 2026-03-03
摘要: The hydrothermal conversion of kitchen waste (KW) into artificial humic acids (AHAs) is a promising pathway for its resource recovery. In this study, KW was first pretreated by Fenton oxidation and then used for the synthesis of AHAs via different two-step hydrothermal pathways. The aim of this study is to improve the yield of AHAs and explore the humification potential of different hydrothermal synthesis pathways. The results show that the most effective pathway for achieving the highest conversion rate of AHAs from KW is as follows. After the first hydrothermal process is completed, the AHAs is extracted from the hydrothermal products. Subsequently, the hydrothermal solution and the hydrochar underwent to a secondary hydrothermal reaction, respectively. Through this approach, a final AHAs yield of 41.38 ± 1.00 wt% and a carbon selectivity of 46.30% was achieved, while the remaining solid content was only 3.30 ± 0.32 wt%. The characterization results indicated that the carbon and oxygen contents of the AHAs obtained in this study were 48.26–58.07% and 29.53–40.27% respectively. This demonstrates the diversity in molecular characteristics of AHAs synthesized via different pathways. The AHAs (HA-L) derived from the hydrothermal solution showd the highest aromaticity (39.15%). In contrast, the AHAs (HA-HC) synthesized using the solid residue from the first hydrothermal reaction exhibited the highest carboxyl group content (11.07%). This study provides a novel strategy for the high-efficiency resource recovery of KW, and contributes to the structural regulation and industrial production of KW-derived AHAs.

103. 题目: Intercropping enhances soil organic carbon accumulation by modulating microbial interactions in saline-alkali soils
文章编号: N26030305
期刊: Applied Soil Ecology
作者: Lijun Zhang, Guixiang Zhou, Jiabao Zhang, Lin Chen, Congzhi Zhang, Donghao Ma, Hui Zhang, Jian Feng, Mingfeng Liu
更新时间: 2026-03-03
摘要: Globally escalating soil salinity and sodicity threaten food security and the health of farmland. Intercropping has been proven to rehabilitate saline-alkali soils effectively while enhancing soil organic carbon (SOC). Despite the established centrality of microbes to SOC cycling, it remains unknown how intercropping enhances carbon accumulation through microbial mediation. We designed a 3.5-month saline-alkali gradient pot experiment with maize monoculture and maize-alfalfa intercropping to investigate how intercropping enhances SOC accumulation in saline-alkali soils. The results demonstrated that, compared with maize monoculture, maize-alfalfa intercropping reduced electrical conductivity by 17.7% and 16.4% under low and moderate saline-alkaline conditions, respectively. Intercropping also decreased exchangeable sodium percentage by 7.1% in moderate saline-alkali soils. Intercropping enhanced microbial activity and biomass, thereby promoting the sequestration of microbial-derived carbon into the stable carbon pool. This led to an increase in mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) by 9.2% and 12.2% in low and moderate soils respectively, along with a 1.2–3.2% rise in SOC. Furthermore, microbial interactions, characterized by diminished negative/positive associations and enhanced proportion of cross-domain connections in the intercropping network, mediate the SOC accumulation. SEM further confirmed that by restructuring belowground microbial interactions, intercropping regulated microbial community and metabolism, thereby facilitating the accumulation of MAOC and microbial necromass carbon within stable SOC pools. These findings demonstrate the efficacy of optimized cropping systems in coping with saline-alkali stress and highlight the pivotal role of soil microorganisms in driving carbon accumulation in saline-alkali soils.

104. 题目: Spatial distribution and environmental controls of n-alkanes in gulf of oman sediments: Implications for organic matter sources and cycling in subtropical active marginal seas
文章编号: N26030304
期刊: Marine Pollution Bulletin
作者: Hamid A K Lahijani, Mohammad Ali Hamzeh, Emad Yahyaei, Davoud Jahedi Vaighan, Ali Mehdinia, Abdolmajid Naderi Beni
更新时间: 2026-03-03
摘要: The Gulf of Oman (GO) is a tectonically active marginal sea characterized by the influence of the oxygen-rich, highly saline Persian Gulf Deep Water (PGDW) outflow and an active turbidite system fed by episodic arid land inputs. This study utilizes n-alkane biomarkers (C₁₀-C₃₉) in fourteen surface sediments (20-360 m) to resolve sedimentary organic matter (OM) sources and transport processes under these complex environmental controls. Total n-alkane concentrations varied widely (714 to 6238 ng g-1), reflecting mixed terrestrial and marine sources, supported by Carbon Preference Index (1.5-6) and Terrigenous/Aquatic Ratio (up to 9) trends. While marine-derived short-chain n-alkanes (C₁₀-C₁₉) typically decrease offshore, this study reveals an anomalous increasing offshore pattern in short-chain n-alkanes in the Strait of Hormuz. This pattern demonstrates the role of PGDW transport in delivering aquatic OM from the Persian Gulf seabed, coupled with a reverse sediment grain size distribution (coarsening offshore). Conversely, long-chain homologs (C₂₇-C₃₃), indicative of terrigenous inputs, and highly oxidized aquatic OM were prevalent in deeper GO basins, demonstrating enrichment directly linked to turbidite activity and plunge pools, which transport erosion-resistant continental OM from the shelf to the deep slope. Furthermore, this is due to preferential microbial degradation of labile short-chain OM during water column transit, suggesting that bottom-water oxygen levels have a considerable direct effect on the degradation of total bulk OM. These results underscore the dominance of hydrodynamic and geomorphological controls over redox conditions in shaping OM distribution in this complex marginal sea.

105. 题目: Vegetation-driven soil organic carbon regulates mercury accumulation in karst soil profiles
文章编号: N26030303
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Liping Yang, Jiudong Xu, Yu Song, Emmanuel Ackom, Yunfeng He, Duzuo Me Namu, Aoyu Wang, Hui Zhang, Jicheng Xia
更新时间: 2026-03-03
摘要: Vegetation regulates soil mercury (Hg) sequestration primarily through the formation and transformation of soil organic carbon (SOC) pools, yet the mechanisms underlying this control remain poorly quantified, especially in ecologically fragile karst regions. We examined Hg distribution and speciation across cropland, grassland, and forestland soil profiles in a typical karst catchment, combining measurements of total Hg (THg), dissolved Hg (DHg), mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), iron-associated organic carbon (Fe-OC), and stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes with partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and multivariate nonlinear regression analysis (MNRA). This study shows that forestland soils accumulate the most Hg, with topsoil concentrations exceeding 110 μg kg-1 and the profile enrichment intensity of Hg (PEI Hg) surpassing 154.5%, due to the accumulation of MAOC (M-Hg/THg: 84.2 ± 6.1%). The role of Fe-OC in Hg retention is strengthened markedly during vegetation succession from cropland to forestland, underscoring mineral adsorption as a key sequestration pathway in karst systems. Vegetation covers, soil depth, pH, and free iron oxides (Fed) collectively modulate Hg accumulation by regulating SOC composition: stable SOC promotes the sustained sequestration of Hg, whereas labile SOC may release the immobilized Hg and induce its migration. Global literature data show that the coefficient of determination (R2) between soil Hg and SOC in non-polluted areas (0.49 ± 0.32) is much higher than that in highly polluted areas (0.14 ± 0.19), which indicates that the Hg-C coupling mechanism in polluted areas may be influenced by additional factors such as geological background and exogenous inputs. This study confirms that in ecologically fragile karst regions with SOC deficiency, the vegetation restoration process can effectively sequester Hg in soils and inhibit its migration to the atmosphere or water bodies by promoting the formation of SOC, especially MAOC. This finding provides crucial scientific evidence for formulating vegetation restoration-oriented land use regulation and ecological restoration strategies in karst areas.

106. 题目: Ca-wood vinegar modified biochar from invasive plant Spartina alterniflora: the amelioration effect on coastal “saline-alkali soil-Pennisetum giganteum”
文章编号: N26030302
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Mingping Sheng, Ting Tian, Zhihan Cheng, Shaoxin Zi, Peiwen Li, Wenyuan Zhu, Youwen Li, Hongyan Guo
更新时间: 2026-03-03
摘要: Soil salinization and Spartina alterniflora invasion pose pressing environmental challenges in China. While biochar derived from Spartina alterniflora represents a potential solution, its optimal pyrolysis conditions and modification effects remain poorly understood. In this study, biochar produced at 250 °C∼650 °C was obtained. 250 °C was determined the optimal pyrolysis temperature based on the maximum soil quality index (2.08). Calcium-wood vinegar modified biochar (CBC) was subsequently developed and applied to a saline-alkali soil-Pennisetum giganteum (SAS-PG) system. CBC application reduced key salinization parameters (soil pH by 0.93 and exchangeable sodium percentage by 46.05%), while increasing the fertility accumulation index of SAS by 1.88, the net photosynthetic rate, biomass, and relative feed value of PG by 60.77%, 55.42%, and 18.37%, respectively. Potential improvement mechanisms involved H+ release from acidic functional groups neutralizes alkaline ions (OH-, Na2CO3, NaHCO3), exchange between Ca2+ and soil colloidal Na+, and nutrient supplementation. The significant increases in AN and SOC, along with their strong positive correlations with Ammoniphilus, Altererythrobacter, and invertase activity, confirm their critical role in CBC-enhanced soil fertility. In summary, this work provides practical support for the resource utilization of Spartina alterniflora as calcium-modified acidic biochar in ameliorating the saline-alkali soil-Pennisetum giganteum ecosystem in coastal eastern China.

107. 题目: Immobilized Pseudomonas sp. DNB-S1 on modified biochar enables synergistic DBP remediation and soil health enhancement
文章编号: N26030301
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Rui Guan, Lei Wang, Jian Guan, Jianan Liu, Ying Zhang, Xiaochen Jia, Yarui Xin
更新时间: 2026-03-03
摘要: Dibutyl Phthalate (DBP) is a common plasticizer contaminant in agricultural soil and is classified as a priority-controlled phthalate ester. A biochar-based amendment (nBCS1) was developed via immobilization of Pseudomonas sp. DNB-S1 on nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HAP) modified biochar (BC). This modification increased the carrier's surface area and enriched surface oxygen-containing functional groups (e.g., -OH and P-O). Following immobilized DNB-S1 exhibited 82% proliferation within 56 hours, with 45.78% higher DBP degradation efficiency than BCS1. The microcosm experiment demonstrated 4% nBCS1-0.5 removal DBP rate with 88.30%, surpassing BC and BCS1 by 79.19% and 53.12%, respectively. Furthermore, nBCS1 significantly stimulated soil phosphatase activity, correlating strongly with available phosphorus. The nBCS1 increased soil inorganic nitrogen content, promoting nitrification process that converts nitrogen into plant-available forms (NO3⁻), reducing abundance of key denitrification genes, inhibiting nitrogen loss pathway. The nBCS1 increased soil pH by 0.43units (4% application for nBCS1-0.5 and BC), and showed a positive correlation with soil DBP degradation rate, reduced soil acidification potential. The n-HAP, as a modified material, enhances immobilized carrier structural morphology and surface chemistry and enriches environmental phosphorus and calcium elements. Moreover, nBC as biological regulator, ameliorating gradually acidic microenvironments to support microbial growth and stimulating soil urease and phosphatase activities. These multifunctional properties establish nBCS1 as a high-performance soil amendment, offering an innovative technical approach for soil health promotion.

108. 题目: Drought Reduces Formation, but Enhances Persistence, of Mineral-Associated Organic Matter in a Grassland Soil
文章编号: N26030209
期刊: Global Change Biology
作者: Noah W Sokol, Megan M Foley, Steven J Blazewicz, Nicole DiDonato, Katerina Estera-Molina, Mary Firestone, Alex Greenlon, Bruce A Hungate, William Kew, Ljiljana Paša-Tolić, Eric Slessarev, Jennifer Pett-Ridge
更新时间: 2026-03-02
摘要: Drought effects are pervasive in terrestrial ecosystems, yet there is limited understanding of how drought impacts the transformation of plant carbon (C) inputs to mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM)—the largest and slowest-cycling pool of soil organic carbon (SOC). In a 12-week ¹³C-CO₂ greenhouse labeling experiment, we tracked the formation of MAOM derived from the two dominant sources of plant C input to the mineral soil—living root inputs (¹³C-rhizodeposits) and decaying root inputs (¹³C-root detritus)—under normal moisture and droughted conditions in a semiarid grassland soil. At the end of the 12-week period, we also measured the persistence of ¹³C-MAOM formed from rhizodeposits versus root detritus via a subsequent persistence assay. Drought reduced the formation of MAOM derived from living roots by decreasing rhizodeposits, reducing microbial growth rates, and altering the composition of organic matter, lipids, and metabolites. Drought initially delayed the formation of MAOM derived from root detritus by slowing the early stages of root litter decomposition (week 4–8), but did not decrease total MAOM formation by the end of the 12-week period. Notably, drought enhanced the persistence of MAOM derived from root detritus, but did not influence the persistence of MAOM derived from rhizodeposits. Our results provide some of the first direct evidence that drought can reduce the formation of MAOM in a grassland soil, but may enhance its persistence, based on the source of plant input from which MAOM is derived.

109. 题目: Leveraging Dissolved Organic Matter Collections as a Natural Chemical Library to Link Molecular Traits with Cellular Morphological Responses
文章编号: N26030208
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Xin Zhang, Mourad Harir, Joel Schick, Marianna Lucio, E Michael Perdue, Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin
更新时间: 2026-03-02
摘要: Dissolved organic matter (DOM) exhibits a highly complex molecular composition and maintains ecosystem stability, acting as a crucial interface between biotic and abiotic processes. Although DOM’s molecular complexity and biological effects are widely studied, most investigations use targeted bioassays, examining specific responses and linking molecular features only to predefined biological outcomes when assessing potential bioactive components. Here, we analyzed International Humic Substances Society (IHSS) reference standards of natural organic matter (NOM) and humic fractions, including humic acids (HAs) and fulvic acids (FAs), using ultrahigh resolution Fourier- transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) alongside the Cell Painting (CP) assay, a multiplexed, image-based morphological profiling method. The chemical composition of IHSS samples was influenced by fractionation methods and environmental sources. HAs exhibited stronger aliphatic and aromatic characteristics, whereas FAs and NOM extracted by reverse osmosis were more oxidized. Distinct molecular patterns were observed among terrestrial HAs, Pony Lake FAs, terrestrial FAs, and other fractions. In the CP assay, the most hydrophobic humic substances induced the most pronounced morphological changes. Linking chemical features with morphological outcomes suggested lipid-like compounds and nitrogen-rich aromatic species as likely contributors. This integrative approach provides preliminary molecular leads for further isolation, structural characterization, and mechanistic studies of DOM bioactivity.

110. 题目: Gestational Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution with Black Carbon and Birthweight: A Register-Based Nationwide Birth Cohort in Denmark
文章编号: N26030207
期刊: Environmental Pollution
作者: Jiawei Zhang, Rina So, Cale Lawlor, Marie Bergmann, Kajsa Pira, George Maria Napolitano, Tanya Andersson Nystedt, Jørgen Brandt, Lise Marie Frohn, Matthias Ketzel, Anna Oudin, Youn Hee Lim, Steffen Loft, Ebba Malmqvist, Marie Pedersen, Zorana Jovanovic Andersen
更新时间: 2026-03-02
摘要: Air pollution has been linked to reduced birthweight, but the association with black carbon (BC) remains insufficiently explored. This study examined the association of gestational exposure to BC with birthweight outcomes. We included data on all singleton births in Denmark between 2004 and2016 (n=690,898). BC and fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) were estimated by high-resolution air pollution models based on maternal residential addresses during pregnancy. Linear and Poisson regression models were employed to assess the associations of BC with birthweight, low birth weight (LBW), and small for gestational age (SGA), adjusting for spatiotemporal and individual-level covariates. Effect modification by gender, mothers’ age and socio-economic status (SES) were examined. Gestational exposure to BC was associated with birthweight and SGA risk: interquartile range (0.34 μg/m³) increase in BC was associated with -9 g (95% CI: -10, -7) decrease in birthweight, a relative risk (RR) of 1.02 (1.01, 1.03) for SGA, and a RR of 1.01 (1.00, 1.03) for LBW. After further adjustment for PM_2.5, the associations remained significant for birthweight, were borderline significant for SGA, and null for LBW. Associations of BC with birthweight were stronger in young mothers, in mothers with low SES, and in mothers with higher BMI. In this large nationwide study, we show that gestational exposure to BC is associated with birthweight, persisted after adjusting PM_2.5, adding important new evidence supporting regulation of BC in addition to PM_2.5.

111. 题目: Warming altered the variational effects of microplastics and leachate from biodegradable mulch films on organic carbon transformation in riparian zones.
文章编号: N26030206
期刊: Environmental Pollution
作者: Wenjuan He, Si Liu, Yalan Xiong, Jinying Hu, Zhexi Liu, Yuanyuan Li, Chenhong Wu, Mengyu Ma, Lin Shi, Jinhui Huang
更新时间: 2026-03-02
摘要: Biodegradable mulch films are extensively utilized in agricultural production, degrade into microplastics (MPs) and release leachate that accumulate in the riparian zone through surface runoff. However, the potential impact of MPs and leachate on sediment organic carbon (SOC) transformation is poorly understood, especially in global warming. This work was performed to analyze the influence of typical films MPs and leachate on the SOC transformation, microbial community structure and function under warming. Results showed that increase in CO₂ emissions of leachate group was greater than MPs group at 15 °C, while reversed at 35°C. Meanwhile, MPs group increased the sediment carbon stability index (POC/MAOC, CSI) by enhancing the particulate organic carbon (POC) proportion at different temperatures. However, the decrease in CSI of leachate group was observed at 15 and 25 °C, because leachates promoted mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) formation. CSI in experimental groups (0.183±0.064-0.254±0.054) was higher than control group (0.179±0.015) due to high microbial diversity and carbon decomposition functions at 35 °C, while the CSI is lower and the sediment carbon stability is stronger, indicating temperature rise narrowed the gap in the impact of different groups on the SOC transformation. These findings help us further understand the differential effects of MPs and leachate from biodegradable films on SOC transformation in freshwater ecosystems under warming.

112. 题目: Impact of Sugarcane Management Practices and Time Periods on Soil Organic Carbon and δ13C Signature After Paddy Rice Conversion
文章编号: N26030205
期刊: Land Degradation & Development
作者: Nipon Mawan, Nuttapon Khongdee, Chunling Luo, Wanwisa Pansak
更新时间: 2026-03-02
摘要: Land use change (LUC) from paddy rice to sugarcane cultivation strongly influences soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks, with the extent and direction of change depending on residue management and time since conversion. This study aimed to (i) evaluate SOC stock changes under different residue management practices and conversion periods following rice-to-sugarcane transition, and (ii) determine variations in the proportions of old rice-derived and new sugarcane-derived SOC. Eight sites were selected under two residue management practices—burned (B) and unburned (UB)—across four conversion periods: 1 year (SC1), 3 years (SC3), 5 years (SC5), and 10 years (SC10), with a paddy rice field as reference. Soil samples were collected from 0 to 20 and 20 to 40 cm depths. SOC stocks were measured, and δ¹³C analysis was used to track rice- and sugarcane-derived carbon. The interaction between residue management and conversion period significantly affected SOC stocks (p ≤ 0.05). Burned management resulted in significant SOC decreases in SC3 (4.90 Mg ha⁻¹ topsoil; 3.18 Mg ha⁻¹ subsoil) compared to the reference, whereas SOC under unburned management in SC5 did not differ significantly, indicating rapid recovery. δ¹³C analysis showed a sharp decline in rice-derived carbon within the first 3 years, stabilizing thereafter under both managements. Unburned residue enhanced the incorporation and early stabilization of sugarcane-derived carbon in SC3 and SC5.

113. 题目: Priming with humic acid nanoparticles reduces copper cytogenotoxicity in hydroponic culture of wheat seedlings
文章编号: N26030204
期刊: Chemosphere
作者: Natalia Gennadievna Menzyanova, Cathrine Kessler (Ekaterina Igorevna Shishatskaya), Natalia Viktorovna Oreshkova, Aleksei Sergeevich Dorokhin, Svetlana Alekseevna Pyatina
更新时间: 2026-03-02
摘要: Growing anthropogenic pollution of soil ecosystems with heavy metals necessitates the engineering of metal-resistant phenotypes of various plant species, including crops. Currently, priming is widely used for this purpose. The priming procedure is based on the induction of pre-adaptations, which increase plant tolerance to subsequent exposure to various stress factors. Thus, the influence of priming agent-induced pre-adaptations in the root extracellular trap (RET) system on the copper cytogenotoxicity in hydroponic culture of wheat seedlings was investigated in this research. Humic acid nanoparticles (nHA) with different mean diameters (68 nm and 6.5 nm, 100 mg/L) were used as priming agents. nHA were shown to increase border cell (BC) population size, as well as protein and extracellular DNA (exDNA) content in the RET matrix. Moreover, nHA priming reduced cytogenotoxicity of copper (31 × 10⁻⁵ M): BC number and viability were higher, while the copper content in the root apex and the number of cells with mitotic abnormalities in the root apex meristem were lower than in the cultivation variant without nanopriming. The obtained findings reveal that pre-adaptations in the RET system play a crucial role in the development of the root system tolerance to various soil pollutants.

114. 题目: Continental-scale drivers of soil microbial extracellular polymeric substances.
文章编号: N26030203
期刊: Nature Communications
作者: Ke Shi, Qing Zheng, Baorong Wang, Lisa Noll, Shasha Zhang, Yuntao Hu, Honghua Ruan, Wolfgang Wanek
更新时间: 2026-03-02
摘要: Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are key microbial residues that contribute to soil organic carbon (SOC) and promote soil aggregation. Yet, their abundance and large-scale controls have only begun to be investigated. We conduct extensive soil sampling across a European transect spanning diverse climates, bedrocks, and land uses. Average soil EPS content is 956 ± 55 µg g-1 soil (n= 92 sites), with EPS-carbon (EPS-C) contributing 1.6 ± 0.1% to SOC. Bedrock influences EPS content, EPS-C contribution to SOC, and the EPS-C/microbial biomass carbon (MBC) ratio, whereas land use mainly affects the latter two. The EPS-C/MBC ratio is negatively correlated with microbial growth and carbon use efficiency, and increases under water deficit, while EPS increases with MBC, clay content, and exchangeable calcium. Our results demonstrate that EPS represents a functionally important microbial residue, regulated by climatic, edaphic, microbial, and land-use factors, with significant implications for soil carbon cycling and sequestration.

115. 题目: Redox oscillations in riparian zone stimulate carbon loss by enhancing microbial respiration
文章编号: N26030202
期刊: Water Research
作者: Zhenchen Li, Xiaoyun Li, Binquan Jiao, Yushu Yang, Hongyi Wang, Li Gu, Hainan Ai, Hong Cheng, Shang Cheng
更新时间: 2026-03-02
摘要: Redox oscillations within riparian ecosystems emerge as a critical threat to carbon sequestration, yet the mechanistic coupling between abiotic drivers and microbial metabolism remains elusive. Through controlled incubation experiments, we demonstrate that redox-oscillating conditions significantly reduce microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE), thus accelerating carbon loss compared to static oxic or anoxic conditions. Mechanistically, redox oscillations drove the cycling of iron (Fe) species, thereby reducing the amorphous Fe pool and liberating mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) composed of substantial biodegradable organic substrates (e.g., lipids and proteins). Concurrently, hydroxyl radicals (•OH) generated during Fe(Ⅱ) oxidation depolymerize complex aromatic organic matter into labile forms. Integrated metagenomic and metabolomic analyses further demonstrated that redox oscillations significantly reshaped soil metabolite profiles and microbial community. In particular, microbial catabolic pathways such as pentose phosphate pathway and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle were activated to efficiently mineralize newly available substrate. Together, these results identify a coupled abiotic-biotic “prime and burn” mechanism in which Fe-driven substrate reorganization primes microbial differentiation toward enhanced respiration. This study highlights redox-oscillating zones as potential carbon leakage hotpots in the terrestrial carbon sink.

116. 题目: Unveiling the critical roles of iron and phosphorus in magnetic biochar derived from lithium-extraction residues of retired LiFePO4 batteries for peroxymonosulfate activation toward ciprofloxacin degradation
文章编号: N26030201
期刊: Bioresource Technology
作者: Yue Fu, Yunqiang Yi, Weirui Chen, Yu Wang, Zenghui Diao, Jianying Qi
更新时间: 2026-03-02
摘要: The disposal of lithium-extraction residues from retired lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) batteries and the removal of antibiotic contaminants from water are critical environmental concerns. Herein, a novel magnetic biochar (LFPBC0.5) was synthesized using lithium-extraction residue and rice straw as raw materials to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for efficient degradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP) in water. The LFPBC0.5/PMS system achieved a CIP degradation efficiency of 89.77%, which was 1.60 and 2.33 times higher than that of the biochar (BC/PMS) and lithium-extraction residues (LFP/PMS) systems, respectively. The adsorption capacity of LFPBC0.5 for CIP was positively correlated with the degradation rate constant of CIP in the system of LFPBC0.5/PMS, indicating that the adsorption performance of the material effectively promoted CIP degradation. Coexisting radical oxidation (O2•−) and nonradical pathways (1O2 and electron transfer) in the LFPBC0.5/PMS system were responsible for CIP degradation. Active sites identification revealed that Fe(II) in LFPBC0.5 were the key species for PMS activation. Notably, further analysis demonstrated that phosphorus incorporation significantly enhanced the electron transfer rate and PMS adsorption capacity of LFPBC0.5, along with an increase in the Fe(II) content of the material. Toxicity assessments indicated reduced toxicity of CIP degradation intermediates, confirming the environmental safety of the LFPBC0.5/PMS system. This study presents an effective strategy for utilizing lithium-extraction residues while mitigating antibiotic contamination in water.

117. 题目: Accumulation of recalcitrant dissolved organic matter during the formation of new North Pacific Intermediate Water in the Kuroshio-Oyashio confluence region
文章编号: N26030117
期刊: Water Research
作者: Lulu Han, Rong Huang, Ke Zeng, Xiao-Hua Zhang, Honghai Zhang, Zhaohui Chen, Peng Yao
更新时间: 2026-03-01
摘要: Dissolved organic matter (DOM) represents the largest reservoir of reduced carbon in the oceans; however, the characteristic changes in DOM during oceanic dynamic mixing remain inadequately understood. This study examined the concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), the optical properties of chromophoric and fluorescent dissolved organic matter (CDOM and FDOM), and the composition of microbial communities in water samples collected in June 2022 from the Kuroshio-Oyashio confluence region of the northwest Pacific Ocean. A three end-member mixing model based on the conservative components of CDOM and neutral density was established to quantitatively differentiate the contributions of SubTropical Mode Water (STMW), Oyashio Water (OW), and North Pacific Deep Water (NPDW) to North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW). Building on this model, the variations in the sources and composition of DOM and the mechanisms governing these changes during water mass mixing in this region were investigated. The primary objective of this study was to examine whether the mixing processes of water masses can promote the formation of refractory DOM (RDOM) and to assess the contribution of NPDW to the formation of NPIW and the transformation of DOM properties within it. The results indicated that, depending on the degree of water mass influence, NPIW can be further categorized into three sub-components: upper, middle, and lower NPIW. In the upper NPIW (NPIW_u), both humic-like and protein-like substances are consumed, with microorganisms such as Ca. Nitrosopumilus and SUP05 likely playing significant roles. In the middle NPIW (NPIW_m), in addition to the aforementioned processes, there is also an influence from deep-water microorganisms like Nitrosopumilaceae and Marine group B, leading to the accumulation of high molecular weight, more humified, and recalcitrant DOM (RDOM). In the lower NPIW (NPIW_l), Ca. Nitrosopumilus and other microorganisms gradually decline, leaving predominantly the influence of deep-water microorganisms, resulting in a continued accumulation of RDOM. The potential priming effects of microbial activity may play a crucial role in the transformation of DOM properties. This study enhances our understanding of the controls on the transport and transformation processes of DOM during water mass mixing, thereby contributing to our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the production and persistence of RDOM in oceanic environments.

118. 题目: Seasonal dynamics and drivers of dissolved organic matter biogeochemistry in a tropical sandy subterranean estuary
文章编号: N26030116
期刊: Marine Chemistry
作者: Peiyu Liu, Jiawei Liu, Yiqing Wang, Yuanqing Chen, Long Gao, Zijun Wu
更新时间: 2026-03-01
摘要: Subterranean estuaries (STEs) represent a critical biogeochemical continuum in coastal carbon cycling, yet their role in transforming dissolved organic matter (DOM) remains poorly understood. Here, we examine the spatiotemporal dynamics and processing of DOM in a sandy STE at Qiaogang Beach, Guangxi, China. Field sampling across wet and dry seasons, combined with fluorescence excitation–emission spectroscopy and parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC), identified three fluorescent DOM components—two humic-like and one protein-like. Our results reveal pronounced seasonal variations in hydrological structure driven by monsoon recharge and tidal forcing, which in turn regulate DOM sources and transformation pathways. During the wet season, a developing freshwater lens and landward-advancing salinity front promote the accumulation of terrestrial DOM. In contrast, the upper saline plume (USP) acts as a hotspot for microbial degradation in the dry season, stimulating the production of autochthonous DOM. DOM processing within this sandy STE is governed primarily by adsorption, anaerobic microbial degradation, and formation of recalcitrant humic substances. This mechanistic framework contrasts sharply with surface estuaries, where photodegradation and aerobic degradation dominate, yielding more labile, low-molecular-weight compounds. Our findings highlight the function of STEs as active biogeochemical reactors that shape the composition and flux of carbon in coastal zones, providing important insights into how these systems may respond to hydrological and climatic shifts.

119. 题目: Humic acid facilitates microbial manganese oxidation-driven arsenic remediation in soil across a wide temperature range
文章编号: N26030115
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Weiwei Zhai, Wenjin Zhang, Lingfeng Dong, Yulong Ru, Yao Xu, Zhanfei He, Daoyong Zhang, Xiangliang Pan
更新时间: 2026-03-01
摘要: Biogenic manganese oxides (MnOx), produced by manganese-oxidizing bacteria (MnOB), exhibit strong potential for remediating arsenic (As)-contaminated soils due to their oxidative and adsorptive properties. However, the synergistic interactions between MnOB and soil humic acid (HA), and their combined effect on As remediation efficiency across environmentally relevant temperature gradients, remain poorly understood. This study therefore aimed to elucidate the role of HA in enhancing MnOB-driven As remediation under a wide temperature range (10–30 °C), a key knowledge gap for field applications. In this study, a MnOB strain was isolated from high Mn-laden soil, Pseudomonas sp. XY4, to investigate HA enhancement of microbial Mn(II) oxidation and subsequent soil As remediation across 10–30 °C. Strain XY4 showed broad adaptability to pH, carbon sources, and salinity. HA stimulated enzymatic Mn(II) oxidation and promoted the formation of biogenic MnOx with higher crystallinity and Mn(III) content. Consequently, HA-enhanced strain XY4 quickly oxidized toxic As(III) to less mobile As(V), achieving high immobilization in soil and solution. The removal rate of As(III) in soil solution reached 89.9%–96.6%, and 41.0%–49.0% of bioavailable As was transformed into stable Fe/Mn oxide-bound form in soil. Finally, ryegrass grown in the soil remediated by both strain XY4 and HA, accumulated minimal As, with consistent efficacy across temperatures. These findings highlight the potential of the MnOB and HA combined strategy for sustainable As remediation in soil under actual field conditions.

120. 题目: Iron-modified cement hydration regulates DOM transformation and carbon stabilization in soil-concrete systems during rainfall-runoff
文章编号: N26030114
期刊: Environmental Research
作者: Qiao Li, Yipeng Wang, Jiuxian Yang, Wenyou Wu, Jiyuan Jin, Xinchao Zhang, Yuanyuan Pei, Lin Gu
更新时间: 2026-03-01
摘要: Rainfall runoff from engineered slopes can mobilize substantial amounts of soil-derived dissolved organic matter (DOM), contributing to soil carbon loss and downstream water pollution. Cement hydration in vegetated concrete (VC) creates highly alkaline conditions that strongly influence soil structure, DOM mobilization, and vegetation establishment. Incorporating iron (Fe3+) during cement hydration may regulate these coupled processes, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, controlled curing and rainfall simulation experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of Fe addition on mechanical performance, alkalinity regulation, and DOM behavior in VC systems. Vegetated concrete with and without Fe2(SO4)3 (3 wt%) was examined after 28 days using excitation–emission matrix spectroscopy coupled with parallel factor analysis (EEM–PARAFAC) and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS). Results showed that moderate Fe addition enhanced compressive and shear strength while mitigating excessive alkalinity, and simulated rainfall revealed at least a 42% reduction in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) release from Fe-amended VC. Spectroscopic and molecular analyses indicated that Fe preferentially retained aromatic, humic-like DOM within the solid matrix rather than inducing direct transformation among DOM fractions. FT-ICR-MS further demonstrated that Fe oxy(hydro)oxides selectively immobilized aromatic and oxygen-rich organic molecules through surface complexation, ligand exchange, and π–d electron interactions involving carboxyl and phenolic groups, thereby suppressing the leaching of nitrogen- and sulfur-containing species and enhancing soil organic carbon stabilization. Vegetation experiments showed improved plant performance under Fe-amended, moderately alkaline conditions. Overall, Fe incorporation during cement hydration enables a synergistic optimization of mechanical stability, alkalinity regulation, soil organic matter retention, and vegetation performance in vegetated concrete.