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121. 题目: Protein-Dominated Adsorption and Protection on Viruses in Model EPS Components: Insight from Multiscale Mechanistic Analysis
文章编号: N26092614
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Yu Qin, Jiyong Bian, Siqi Xu, Rui Li, Huijuan Liu, Ruiping Liu
更新时间: 2026-09-26
摘要: Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) as the core sewage sludge components play important roles in floc stability and pollutant adsorption. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying EPS–virus interactions and their environmental implications remain unclear. This study employed three representative model EPS components, i.e., proteins, polysaccharides, and humic substances, and systematically investigated EPS–virus interaction mechanisms with T7 bacteriophage as a virus surrogate. By integrating surface plasmon resonance analysis, double-layer agar plaque assays and qPCR, we demonstrated that proteins dominate virus adsorption and stability within simulated EPS matrices. With rapid protein–virus association (ka up to 106 M–1·s–1) and moderate binding affinities (KD in the 10–6–10–7 M range), roughly 60% of viral infectivity was preserved over 8 days, in contrast to the 4.58% observed in the control. By integrating Extended Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (XDLVO) theory, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and molecular dynamics simulations, we further elucidated that adsorption is primarily governed by van der Waals forces, with electrostatic, hydrophobic, and hydrogen-bond interactions also involved. Moreover, the protein conformational rearrangements upon adsorption may further facilitate the formation of stable complexes. These findings provide mechanistic insights into the fate and potential EPS-mediated risks of viruses in engineered and natural aquatic environments, and also offer a theoretical basis for improving viral risk assessment.

122. 题目: Intrinsic Ion Properties Regulate Metal Binding and Supramolecular Assembly in Humic Acid Systems
文章编号: N26092613
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Wanli Lian, Jie Ma, Yi An, Lili Huo, Yingxuan Deng, Jinghua Li, Xunhua Zheng, Liping Weng
更新时间: 2026-09-26
摘要: Humic acid (HA), a chemically active fraction of natural organic matter (NOM), regulates metal ion fate; however, the intrinsic ionic properties governing the transition from specific binding to supramolecular HA assembly remain poorly understood. Using purified HA, we combined adsorption experiments and molecular dynamics simulations for Ca2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+, NICA–Donnan parameter transfer for Mg2+, Cu2+, and Hg2+, and quantum calculations for all six cations to develop a descriptor-based six-metal framework. Metal electronegativity (χ) was associated with overall binding affinity, while its product with a period number (nshell) was strongly associated with site selectivity (R2 = 0.997). At low loading, metals preferentially occupied high-affinity, preorganized bidentate phenolic sites, whereas at higher loading, binding shifted toward carboxylate-mediated intermolecular coordination that facilitated HA association. Within the simulated HA model, metal ions acted as triggers and stabilizers rather than the dominant cohesive force. By reducing electrostatic repulsion, metals promoted the HA–HA approach, allowing weak intermolecular forces and aliphatic carboxylate coordination to stabilize supramolecular assembly. Across monovalent, divalent, and trivalent ion datasets, log-transformed critical coagulation concentration correlated with log (ionic charge2 × nshell) (R2 = 0.951). These findings provide testable hypotheses for metal mobility, contaminant sequestration, and carbon stability in HA-like or humic-rich NOM environments.

123. 题目: Soil Sorption Estimator (SSE): Read-Across-Based Predictions of Soil Organic Carbon Partition Coefficient (Log K oc) and Validation Using Multiple External Sets
文章编号: N26092612
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Shubham Kumar Pandey, Souvik Pore, Kunal Roy
更新时间: 2026-09-26
摘要: The persistence and bioaccumulation of organic chemicals are major concerns for environmental and chemical regulatory bodies. Among various properties, the soil organic carbon-water partition coefficient (Koc) is a key parameter that governs the environmental fate of these organic chemicals. Experimental values of soil sorption potential are available for only a limited number of chemicals due to the high cost and labor required for experiments. In the present study, we have developed both quantitative structure–property relationship (QSPR) and quantitative read-across structure–property relationship (q-RASPR) models for the fast and efficient prediction of Log KOC values of new or untested chemicals. The statistical and predictive qualities of our models (R2 > 0.84, QLOO2 > 0.84, QF12 > 0.87, MAEtr < 0.34, MAEtest < 0.44) depict their efficiency in predicting Log KOC values for new organic chemicals. The developed models were validated on 5 external data sets, and their quality was also compared with that of previously developed models. The comparison results depict the superiority of our developed models, showing low prediction errors. A web-based predictive platform, “Soil Sorption Estimator (SSE)” has been developed to compute Log KOC of chemicals with applicability domain (AD) information, providing insight into the reliability of predictions.

124. 题目: Plant-derived carbon dominates over microbial necromass in soil organic carbon accumulation under organic amendment management in karst ecosystems
文章编号: N26092611
期刊: Applied Soil Ecology
作者: Shuzhen Feng, Xingteng Lai, Shixiong Huang, Kunping Liu, Lening Hu
更新时间: 2026-09-26
摘要: Karst ecosystems play a critical yet mechanistically unresolved role in terrestrial carbon sequestration due to their distinctive biogeochemical properties. However, how exogenous organic amendment types (straw vs. green manure) and substitution rates (30% vs. 60% substitution) regulate the partitioning between plant-derived and microbial necomass carbon (MNC) during soil organic carbon (SOC) accrual remains poorly understood. Here, we show that SOC accumulation in karst soils was dominated by plant-derived carbon rather than microbial necromass carbon (MNC). Random forest analysis indicated that lignin phenols explained more variation in SOC accumulation (75.6%) than MNC. Organic amendment type significantly altered microbial carbon accumulation pathways. The high-rate green manure treatment (HMCF) accelerated MNC turnover by increasing fungal phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) by 60%, thereby reducing the contribution of MNC to SOC. By contrast, the high-rate straw treatment (HSCF) caused only a negligible decline in the MNC contribution to SOC. Overall, high-rate organic inputs significantly enhanced carbon sequestration efficiency, increasing SOC by 30% (HMCF) and 26% (HSCF). Furthermore, soil nutrient coupling regulated carbon allocation: available nitrogen (AN) predicted MNC variability, while phosphorus limitation constrained microbial necromass accumulation. In conclusion, nutrient coordinated organic management is essential for optimizing karst SOC sequestration, wherein returning 60% straw or co-applying manure with supplementary phosphorus represents the most effective strategy to maximize plant-derived C accumulation while sustaining the microbial necromass pool.

125. 题目: Conversion of corn straw into graphene-modified biochar for efficient removal of tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate: Performance, interfacial mechanisms, and application potential
文章编号: N26092610
期刊: Environmental Technology & Innovation
作者: Qing Luo, Qing He, Jieliu Zhang, Yongyao Deng, Yixuan Zheng, Bo Wu, Huixi Wang
更新时间: 2026-09-26
摘要: Three modification strategies—graphene oxide incorporation, boron doping/reduction, and Fe3O4 loading—were applied to corn straw biochar (CSBC) to prepare GO-CSBC, BD@rGO-CSBC, and Fe3O4@GO-CSBC for the adsorption of tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCIPP) from water. These materials were used to examine how oxygen-containing groups, boron-associated defective carbon sites, and iron oxide interfaces influence TCIPP adsorption. Modification increased the specific surface area from 374.76 to 483.50–495.64 m2·g⁻1 and the O/C atomic ratio from 0.130 to 0.211–0.234. The maximum adsorption capacities followed the order BD@rGO-CSBC (104.43 mg·g⁻1) > Fe3O4@GO-CSBC (98.58 mg·g⁻1) > GO-CSBC (78.88 mg·g⁻1) > CSBC (22.23 mg·g⁻1). The pronounced increase from CSBC to GO-CSBC was associated with pore development and enrichment of oxygen-containing surface groups, whereas boron-related defect sites and Fe–O/Fe–OH interfaces appeared to provide additional adsorption sites. The modified biochars remained effective across pH 3–11 and showed only moderate variations in adsorption capacity between 15 and 50 °C. Among the tested water constituents, H2PO4⁻ and humic acid (HA) caused the strongest inhibition. At 100 mg·L⁻1 HA, the adsorbents retained 72.63–88.38% of their capacities measured without HA. After five adsorption–regeneration cycles, GO-CSBC, Fe3O4@GO-CSBC, and BD@rGO-CSBC retained 76.77%, 81.14%, and 65.95% of their initial capacities, respectively. Pore characterization, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy supported the involvement of pore filling, hydrogen bonding, dipolar interactions, and oxygen-containing and Fe–O/Fe–OH sites in binding the P = O and P–O groups of TCIPP. These findings establish structure–performance relationships among different adsorption sites and provide guidance for the targeted design of corn-straw-derived adsorbents for removing organophosphate flame retardants from water.

126. 题目: Biochar with aerogel-like structure based on microbial modification for removal of heavy metal
文章编号: N26092609
期刊: Environmental Technology & Innovation
作者: Yuhan Zheng, Shuohan Feng, Tianxiang Liang, Ruxin Fang, Bolun Zhang, Siji Chen, Qiyun Li
更新时间: 2026-09-26
摘要: In this study, the microbial modification of the culture medium containing agar and potato extract was carried out by incorporating fungal mycelia. Then, the medium was freeze-dried to obtain a biomass carbon precursor with an aerogel structure. Finally, it was carbonized and activated to prepare biochar with a structure similar to “hamburger” (ALB-H), “pizza” (ALB-P), and “sandwich” (ALB-S). During this process, the differences in the physicochemical properties and adsorption performance of the biochar caused by different coating treatment methods were investigated. Among them, the specific surface area and total pore volume of ALB-P and ALB-S reached 2817.14 and 3149.46 m2/g, 1.51 and 1.64 cm3/g, respectively, which were 11.88–25.08% and 11.85–21.48% higher than that of the control group ALB (2517.97 m2/g and 1.35 cm3/g). In the adsorption test using hexavalent chromium as a model, the adsorption capacity of ALB, ALB-H, ALB-P, and ALB-S reached 415.10–552.75 mg/g at pH value of 2.0, which was superior to most adsorption materials. After 10 consecutive regeneration cycles, all adsorbents maintained more than 50% of their original adsorption capacity, demonstrating moderate recyclability that necessitates further structural optimization to boost cycling stability for real wastewater treatment applications. This study verified the effectiveness of incorporating fungal mycelia as a microbial modification method for further improving the performance of biochar, and established a new strategy for developing other biochars.

127. 题目: Comprehensive Benggang control promotes the recovery of soil organic carbon fractions and carbon sequestration potential
文章编号: N26092608
期刊: Geoderma
作者: Songyang Li, Tingting Tong, Jianxiang Zhang, Jiayi Huang, Junyi Huang, Gengen Lin, Fangshi Jiang, Yue Zhang, Yanhe Huang, Jinshi Lin
更新时间: 2026-09-26
摘要: Benggang is a severe collapsing-gully erosion landform in the granite-derived red-soil region of southern China. Although comprehensive Benggang control integrating engineering measures, vegetation restoration, and management has improved the erosion environment and promoted vegetation and soil recovery, the recovery patterns of soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions remain unclear. Using a restoration chronosequence consisting of the untreated, active Benggang site, 6-, 10-, and 23-year-old restoration sites (R1, R2, and R3, respectively), and a secondary Pinus massoniana forest as the reference, we investigated the spatiotemporal patterns of SOC fractions and mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) saturation metrics. Comprehensive Benggang control produced spatially complementary carbon-sequestration patterns. In the middle Benggang section of R3, SOC and MAOC concentrations in the 0–20 cm depth interval reached 8.4 and 5.7 g kg−1, respectively, whereas the MAOC saturation degree in the 20–40 cm depth interval reached 23.3 %. In the lower Benggang section of R3, fine-particle content in the 20–40 cm depth interval reached 62.9 %, while the MAOC saturation deficit remained 19.4 g kg−1. Random forest analysis identified aggregate stability as the dominant predictor of particulate organic carbon (POC) and MAOC, with relative importance values of 76.8 % and 29.2 %, respectively; available and total phosphorus contributed 22.5 % and 16.7 % to MAOC prediction. Structural equation modeling indicated direct positive effects of soil structure on POC (path coefficient = 0.72) and soil phosphorus on MAOC (path coefficient = 0.47). These quantified results provide a scientific basis for precision management and the enhancement of carbon-sink function in Benggang systems.

128. 题目: Microplastic-derived dissolved organic matter modulates microbial nitrate and arsenate reduction: Extracellular electron transfer and intracellular metabolic responses
文章编号: N26092607
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Baoming Hu, Zuoming Xie, Xianjun Xie, Jia Wang, Mengna Chen, Yang Yang, Yilin Zhao, Wenyu Liu, Yanxin Wang
更新时间: 2026-09-26
摘要: Photoaged microplastics release dissolved organic matter (MPs-DOM) with redox activity that may influence coupled contaminant transformations under anoxic conditions. Here, we investigated DOM derived from polystyrene (PS) and polylactic acid (PLA) after accelerated UV/H2O2 oxidation and examined its effects on concurrent nitrate and As(V) reduction by Shewanella sp. CN32. FT-ICR MS, EEM-PARAFAC, and redox measurements revealed clear polymer-dependent differences. PS-DOM contained higher proportions of formulas in polycyclic-aromatic and polyphenolic regions and exhibited a substantially higher electron-accepting capacity, whereas PLA-DOM contained more highly unsaturated formulas and showed a higher electron-donating capacity. Both DOM types accelerated nitrate reduction through the DNRA pathway, increasing reduction rates by 1.8–3.0-fold, and enhanced As(III) production, although the magnitude and kinetics varied with DOM type and loading. Whole-cell electrochemical measurements further showed more pronounced responses in PS-DOM-amended systems. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed distinct cellular responses. PS-DOM was associated with stronger regulation of respiratory electron-transfer processes, the Nap/Nrf system, and arrA, whereas PLA-DOM induced more pronounced changes in central carbon metabolism, NAD-related pathways, and the Ars system. Together, these results indicate that polymer-dependent molecular composition and redox properties of MPs-DOM shape distinct kinetic, respiratory, and metabolic responses during coupled nitrate and arsenate reduction in anoxic environments.

129. 题目: Amelioration of lead (Pb) stress in Brassica campestris L. by synergistic application of biochar and compost under Pb-contaminated soil
文章编号: N26092606
期刊: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
作者: Ashir Hameed, Saira Sulaman, Muhammad Shabaan, Tooba Gul, Tayyaba Naz, Arooj Fatima, Muhammad Babar Khan, Usman Zulfiqar, Zainul Abideen, Hossam S El-Beltagi, Mashael Daghash Alqahtani, Árpád Székely
更新时间: 2026-09-26
摘要: Lead (Pb) is one of the most toxic heavy metals adversely affecting agricultural productivity, soil health, and food safety. Organic amendments (OAs), particularly biochar (BC) and compost (C), can mitigate heavy metal toxicity through Pb (II) immobilization, improved soil physicochemical properties, enhanced nutrient availability, and activation of plant defense systems. Therefore, this study investigated the individual and combined effects of BC (1% w/w) and C (1% w/w), applied solely or in combination (0.5% w/w each), on Pb (II) tolerance in Brassica campestris grown under 500 and 1000 mg kg⁻¹ Pb (II) contamination. Lead stress markedly reduced plant growth, yield, photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange parameters, and overall physiological performance, with more severe effects observed at 1000 mg kg⁻¹ Pb (II). However, the combined application of BC and C significantly improved plant height, root length, seed production, grain yield, chlorophyll contents, transpiration, photosynthetic activity, and stomatal conductance compared with Pb-stressed treatments. The co-application of BC and C also enhanced antioxidant defense mechanisms by increasing catalase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase activities, thereby reducing Pb-induced oxidative stress. Moreover, significantly reduced AB-DTPA-extractable soil Pb and Pb accumulation in plant tissues, with the combined treatment showing the greatest reduction in Pb uptake. Overall, the findings demonstrate that synergistic application of biochar and compost alleviates Pb (II) toxicity through reduced Pb (II) availability and plant uptake, improved physiological performance, and strengthened antioxidant defense systems.

130. 题目: From agricultural waste to water purification: Artificial humic carbon/MOF composites for naphthalene adsorption
文章编号: N26092605
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Shuang Gai, Fangjun Lou, Xinru Xu, Zhiyuan Feng, Fan Yang
更新时间: 2026-09-26
摘要: Effective persistent organic pollutants (POPs) removal from wastewater by using smart strategies is still a huge challenge, especially for naphthalene (Nap), as a typical polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) with low aqueous solubility and high environmental mobility. Herein, we design two novel engineered nanomaterials (Fe-TCPP/AHA and Fe-BTC/AHA) by combining artificial humic acid nano-carbon (AHA-C) and metal-organic frameworks Fe-TCPP and Fe-BTC for the highly efficient removal of Nap from wastewater. Its unique structure and excellent chemical stability endow the material with outstanding wastewater adsorption capacity (for example, Fe-TCPP/AHA follows the Langmuir adsorption model (Qm = 176.88mg/g)). The adsorption mechanism of naphthalene by Fe-TCPP/AHA and Fe-BTC/AHA includes π-π interaction, metal-π interaction, hydrophobic interaction and pore filling. The existence of these mechanisms significantly optimizes their adsorption performance. Due to the excellent stability and renewability of Fe-TCPP/AHA, a new industrial adsorption and degradation device system was constructed using Fe-TCPP/AHA as the source material. Dynamic filtration experiments showed that this system could purify 1400mL of naphthalene-containing wastewater to drinking water standards, and after five cycles of use, the water purification volume still reached 91.90% of the initial purification volume, demonstrating outstanding regeneration performance and economic value. This research provides a new strategy for the efficient removal of naphthalene pollution in water and the sustainable utilization of water purification materials.

131. 题目: Dissolved organic matter molecular diversity and transformation potential are associated with microbial carbon use efficiency in paddy soils
文章编号: N26092604
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Long Chen, Shulan Cheng, Huajun Fang, Yifan Guo, Fangying Shi, Hui Wang, Bingqian Liu, Haiguang Pu
更新时间: 2026-09-26
摘要: Microbial carbon (C) use efficiency (CUE) is a key regulator of soil C sequestration, reflecting how assimilated C is partitioned between biomass production and respiration. In paddy soils, how dissolved organic matter (DOM) molecular characteristics and microbial specialization jointly relate to CUE across straw amendments and moisture regimes remains unclear. We incubated paddy soil for 180 days under flooded and unflooded conditions, adding equal C (1.32 g C kg−1 soil) as fresh straw, straw-derived biochar, or decomposed straw (DS). CUE was quantified by H218O labeling; DOM composition and its transformation potential were characterized using FT-ICR MS and paired mass distance (PMD) analysis, respectively. Microbial specialization was quantified using the H2’ index derived from microbial–DOM bipartite networks. All three amendments significantly increased CUE under both moisture regimes, with DS producing the largest and most consistent increase. Relative to the control, DS increased microbial C growth by 204% and 172% under unflooded and flooded conditions, respectively, while maintaining the highest CUE. DS increased DOM molecular diversity and showed the highest top 30 PMDs. Partial least squares path modeling showed that higher CUE was associated with greater nutrient availability and lower microbial specialization under unflooded conditions, whereas metabolic constraints showed the strongest negative association with CUE under flooded conditions. Overall, CUE responses varied with substrate quality, DOM molecular properties, microbial specialization, and moisture rather than C input quantity alone. These findings clarify how straw and water management may influence microbial C allocation and potential C retention in paddy soils.

132. 题目: Vegetation Restoration Enhances Aggregate‐Mediated Soil Organic Carbon Stabilization in Degraded Karst Landscapes of China: A Meta‐Analysis
文章编号: N26092603
期刊: Land Degradation & Development
作者: Xi Yang, Xiao Sun, Shilan Xiao, Guo Zhang, Jiacheng Lan, Guangbin Yang, Chunyan Zheng
更新时间: 2026-09-26
摘要: Soil aggregation is an important process linking vegetation restoration to soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation in degraded karst landscapes, yet the aggregate‐mediated pathway remains insufficiently synthesized across restoration types and environmental conditions. We conducted a meta‐analysis of 213 paired observations from 57 studies in southwest China to evaluate changes in aggregate‐size distribution, aggregate stability, and SOC following cropland conversion to abandoned land, cash crop, grassland, shrubland, and forest. Vegetation restoration generally shifted aggregate‐size distribution from smaller ( 1 mm) fractions and increased SOC content, with the strongest SOC responses under forest and shrubland restoration. Across restoration pathways, the 2–5 mm aggregate fraction showed the most consistent relative importance for SOC, whereas the importance of other fractions varied among restoration types. Piecewise structural equation modelling identified aggregate stability as an important pathway linking vegetation restoration and environmental conditions to SOC response. These findings highlight the importance of restoration type and soil structural recovery when evaluating SOC accumulation in degraded karst landscapes.

133. 题目: Biocrust mediates microbial residue carbon accumulation by augmenting soil organic carbon fractions under reduced tillage in the Northeast black soil region of China
文章编号: N26092602
期刊: Plant and Soil
作者: Zihan Wu, Tian Li, Jinshi Zhan, Chengshi Yu, Tianli Bao
更新时间: 2026-09-26
摘要: Background and aims Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) promote soil carbon sequestration, yet their specific regulation of soil microbial residue carbon (MRC) remains poorly understood. In this study, we focused on the black soil region in Zhaodong city as our research area. Methods This study examined MRC in the 0–2 cm and 2–5 cm soil layers under regular tillage (Reg-Till), no tillage (No-Till), and reduced tillage (Red-Till), with a no-biocrust treatment (No-Crusts) as the control. Results Among the tillage treatments, Red-Till resulted in the highest accumulation of MRC. Notably, bacterial microbial residue carbon (BRC) under Red-Till surpassed that of Reg-Till, No-Till, and No-Crusts by 31.99%, 8.37%, and 22.15%, respectively. This beneficial effect was more pronounced for the fungal microbial residue carbon (FRC), which exhibited increases of 17.29%, 11.3%, and 12.36% relative to Reg-Till, No-Till, and No-Crusts, respectively. Overall, the Red-Till treatment significantly boosted total MRC content by 14.89% compared to the No-Crusts. Similar trends were observed in the 2–5 cm layer. Redundancy analysis indicated that soil organic carbon (SOC), light fraction organic carbon (LFOC), easily oxidizable organic carbon (EOC), and particulate organic carbon (POC) were the critical factors driving the changes in the MRC. Conclusion Consequently, Red-Till promotes biocrusts via moderate disturbance, increasing SOC fractions and enhancing MRC sequestration in surface soils. This offers key insights for carbon sequestration in the Northeast black soil region.

134. 题目: Effects of short-term active restoration on soil organic carbon fractions and CAZyme family genes: a comparison between degraded and restored alpine grasslands
文章编号: N26092601
期刊: Plant and Soil
作者: Yanlong Wang, Ruizhen Dong, Lele Xie, Yushou Ma, Shixiong Li, Jianjun Shi, Ying Liu, Xiaoli Wang, Yuan Ma
更新时间: 2026-09-26
摘要: Background and aims Active restoration is the primary approach used for restoring degraded Qinghai–Tibet Plateau grasslands. However, the effects of active restoration on soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions and the associated regulatory roles of CAZymes remain unclear. Methods Soil samples were collected from natural grassland, degraded grassland, and 6-year post-restoration artificial grassland in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, China. Soil properties, SOC fractions (including particulate [POC] and mineral-associated organic carbon [MAOC]), microbial communities, extracellular enzyme activities, and CAZyme genes were examined. Results Artificial restoration significantly increased SOC, POC, and MAOC; POC averaged 63.9% across all treatments. Across all treatments, CAZymes responsible for decomposing plant-derived components (66%–67%) exceeded those for microbially derived components (33%–34%). Compared to degraded grassland and artificial grassland, natural grassland had a significantly higher abundance of carbon-degradation genes targeting hemicellulose, while artificial grassland soils exhibited the lowest abundance of CAZyme genes associated with degrading plant- and microbially derived carbon degradation genes. Pseudomonadota abundance was highest in artificial grassland. CAZyme gene number was strongly correlated with extracellular enzyme activity and microbial community abundance. Random forest and correlation analyses further revealed that SOC, POC, and MAOC were positively associated with available nitrogen. Conclusion Short-term artificial restoration primarily drove POC accumulation and altered CAZyme gene abundance to mediate microbial organic matter decomposition and carbon formation. These varying C fractions during restoration have important implications for SOC stability during restoration, guiding future management strategies for optimizing C sequestration in alpine grassland ecosystems.

135. 题目: Temporal variation in soil organic carbon stocks under different land-use and land-cover conditions in a semi-arid region
文章编号: N26092517
期刊: Ecological Indicators
作者: Márcia Bruna Marim de Moura, Xuguang Tang, Klébia Raiane Siqueira de Souza, Wagner Martins dos Santos, Thieres George Freire da Silva, Lady Daiane Costa de Sousa Martins, Leonor Patricia Cerdeira Morellato, Alexandre Maniçoba da Rosa Ferraz Jardim, Carlos André Alves de Souza, Lara Rosa de Lima-Silva, Pedro Paulo Santos de Souza, Elania Freire da Silva, Alan Cezar Bezerra, José Raliuson Inácio Silva, Luiz Guilherme Medeiros Pessoa, José Orlando Nunes da Silva, Luciana Sandra Bastos de Souza
更新时间: 2026-09-25
摘要: Land-use and land-cover changes, combined with the variation in water availability may disrupt the balance between organic matter inputs and outputs in seasonally dry forests, potentially leading to reductions in soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks. However, how such temporal dynamics manifest across areas with different disturbance intensities remains poorly understood. Therefore, this study investigated temporal variation in SOC stocks across Caatinga areas under different land-use conditions in the Brazilian semi-arid region. We evaluated three areas with distinct vegetation cover: (i) preserved Caatinga; (ii) regenerating area; and (iii) deforested area. Soil samples for the determination of SOC stocks were collected at two depths (0–15 cm and 15–30 cm), along with undisturbed soil samples for the determination of bulk density. Microclimatic conditions were monitored using a micrometeorological station installed in the Caatinga area. Additionally, soil samples were collected during four distinct periods defined according to local water availability: the rainy-to-dry transition, dry period, dry-to-rainy transition, and rainy period. Our results indicated significant differences in SOC stocks among land-use conditions and across sampling periods. The preserved Caatinga (15.95 Mg ha−1) and the regenerating area (25.87 Mg ha−1) exhibited the highest SOC stocks, whereas the deforested area (8.62 Mg ha−1) showed substantially lower values. Temporal fluctuations in SOC stocks were observed across all areas but were more pronounced in the deforested area, which demonstrated greater sensitivity to microclimatic conditions associated with water availability. When the soil depths were analyzed separately, no significant differences in SOC stocks were observed between the evaluated layers. Principal component analysis indicated that land use influenced soil physical and chemical properties, with the deforested area showing higher bulk density and lower clay and organic carbon contents. We conclude that SOC stocks in the Caatinga ecosystems are more strongly influenced by land use history than by temporal variation in water availability, underscoring the critical role of native vegetation conservation and restoration in maintaining soil quality and ecosystem services in semi-arid environments. Therefore, sustainable land use management practices, combined with conservation and restoration efforts, are essential to mitigate SOC losses and promote the recovery of SOC stocks in Caatinga regions.

136. 题目: Dynamics of soil organic carbon pools following afforestation in coastal saline–alkali soils: A model–data fusion study
文章编号: N26092516
期刊: Ecological Indicators
作者: Xiaoshu Niu, Jinchi Zhang, Tao Li, Jie Lin, Shenghua Qin, Zhenghao Li, Yu Luo, Xinxin Liang, Xin Liu, Jiang Jiang
更新时间: 2026-09-25
摘要: Coastal saline–alkali lands are important targets for ecological restoration and coastal carbon management, yet assessing durable soil carbon sequestration requires considering not only SOC recovery but also how carbon is distributed between particulate and mineral-associated pools. Whether and when net SOC accumulation occurs after afforestation, and how POC and MAOC recover across stand ages and soil depths, remain unresolved. Here, we integrated field observations from a 21-year chronosequence of Taxodium hybrid ‘Zhongshanshan’ plantations with Biome-BGC simulations to reconstruct SOC stock dynamics in coastal saline–alkali soils of eastern China. The model-based reconstruction suggested a non-monotonic decline–recovery–accumulation trajectory, characterized by an early SOC deficit followed by delayed recovery and subsequent accumulation. The prolonged early decline suggested that new carbon inputs were initially insufficient to offset SOC losses. POC and MAOC showed distinct stand-age- and depth-dependent responses. POC recovered rapidly in the 0–20 and 20–40 cm layers at later stages of afforestation, whereas MAOC recovered more slowly and remained below the mudflat level in the 40–60 cm layer after 21 years. In mixed-effects models accounting for plot-level non-independence, land-use stage and soil depth, POC remained positively associated with sucrase activity, whereas MAOC and SOC were primarily associated with electrical conductivity. These findings indicate that SOC recovery following afforestation is characterized by asynchronous and depth-dependent changes in particulate and mineral-associated carbon pools, with a rapid but non-monotonic POC response and a more gradual, depth-constrained recovery of MAOC. Assessments of soil carbon sequestration in coastal saline–alkali plantations should therefore distinguish the rapid but non-monotonic response of POC from the slower and more depth-constrained recovery of MAOC, while explicitly accounting for subsoil carbon pools.

137. 题目: Organic matter promotes freshwater dinoflagellate blooms by supporting mixotrophic growth
文章编号: N26092515
期刊: Ecological Indicators
作者: Tianhao Wu, Yue Wu, Fen Zhang, Zeying Hou, Hanhong Wu, Sijia Gao, Zhaosheng Chu
更新时间: 2026-09-25
摘要: Trophic-state indicators are widely used to assess phytoplankton bloom risk, but their ability to capture freshwater dinoflagellate blooms remains uncertain. Long-term monitoring of Lake Erhai has shown that trophic state have changed little since 2003, and dinoflagellate biomass began to increase in 2016, which was also the year that organic matter concentrations began to increase significantly. These contrasting patterns indicate that trophic-state metrics alone did not adequately reflect the increasing risk of dinoflagellate blooms. Heterotrophic growth supported by organic matter may be a key trigger of dinoflagellate blooms in Lake Erhai. This study highlights the potential value of organic matter as a complementary indicator alongside conventional trophic-state metrics for assessing freshwater dinoflagellate bloom risk, and suggests that managers should reduce the load of organic matter into the lake to mitigate dinoflagellate bloom risks.

138. 题目: Removal of Heavy Metals by Biochar using Microfluidic Technology from Contaminated Water
文章编号: N26092514
期刊: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution
作者: Priyadarshani Rajput, Tatiana Minkina, Vishnu D Rajput, Alexander Soldatov, Mikhail Kirichkov, Dina Nevidomskaya, Saglara Mandzhieva, Tatiana Bauer
更新时间: 2026-09-25
摘要: Removal of heavy metals (HM) ions from water and soil system is a global issue and requires sustainable and efficient remediation technology. The effectiveness of the integration of instrumental control methods based on microfluidic systems and environmentally friendly, affordable sorbents to optimize and enhance the sorption capacity of HMs such as Ni+2, Zn+2, Cr+3, and Cu+2 has been demonstrated in the present work. The mechanisms of sorption capacity of biochar (grapevine), biochar nanocomposite based on CoFe2O4, and ZIF-8 were explored using various concentrations of HM ions. The polluted water was passed through microfluidic channels, and the results indicate that the biochar effectively remediated HM ions, i.e., Ni+2, Zn+2, Cr+3 and Cu+2. Using the XRF method, it was revealed that the HM ions were evenly distributed on the sorbent surface. The considered sorbents efficiently worked as an adsorbent for removal of HM ions. The obtained results made it possible to determine the adsorption of metal ions, considering the saturation time of the sorbents using microfluidic system at low cost and with precision to detect and eliminate pollutants.

139. 题目: Divergent Shifts in Sediment Dissolved Organic Matter Stability and Microbial Carbon Metabolic Potential Induced by Biodegradable and Conventional Microplastics
文章编号: N26092513
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Manman Cao, Feng Wang, Fei Wang, Haodong Huang, Shuai Ma, Junhong Li, Na Xiao, Ruiyi Xie, Ke Sun
更新时间: 2026-09-25
摘要: Biodegradable polymers are promoted as alternatives to conventional plastics, but their effects on sediment dissolved organic matter (DOM) and microbial communities remain unclear. Here, we estimated impacts of two nonbiodegradable (low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)) and two biodegradable (polylactide (PLA) and poly(butylene succinate) (PBS)) polymers on DOM composition and microbial functional profiles using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) and metagenomic sequencing. The tested nonbiodegradable polymers shifted DOM toward recalcitrance. In contrast, biodegradable polymers exhibited divergent trajectories: PLA shifted from labile at day 30 to recalcitrant by day 60, whereas PBS showed the opposite trend toward instability. Microbial communities shifted from high-abundance Deltaproteobacteria (∼12%) at day 30 to Alphaproteobacteria (∼16%) and Actinomycetia (∼15%) at day 60. Glycolysis genes were less abundant under LDPE and PET, while fatty acid β-oxidation genes were enriched under LDPE, PET, and PLA. Spearman correlation and Mantel tests revealed that MP-driven DOM changes were associated with microbial community restructuring and bacterial diversity. This study highlights that biodegradable polymers cannot be assumed to have negligible sediment ecological impacts simply because of their degradable classification.

140. 题目: Mixed forests enhance soil organic carbon sequestration through distinct microbial carbon stabilization pathways across soil aggregates
文章编号: N26092512
期刊: Forest Ecology and Management
作者: Ying Zhang, Fan Du, Yaqi Dong, Guohua Rong
更新时间: 2026-09-25
摘要: Mixed forests are increasingly recognized for their potential to enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration, yet the microbial mechanisms underlying SOC stabilization across soil aggregates remain poorly understood. Soil aggregates provide distinct physical and chemical microhabitats that regulate organic matter accessibility, microbial activity, and mineral interactions, thereby playing a central role in SOC protection and persistence. In particular, the relative roles of microbial necromass carbon (MNC) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in SOC formation under different aggregate microenvironments are unclear. Here, we investigated aggregate-associated organic carbon fractions, microbial-derived organic carbon, microbial properties, and microbial community composition in different aggregate fractions of pure birch (Betula platyphylla), pure larch (Larix gmelinii), and mixed forests in northeastern China. We demonstrated that mixed forests significantly increased macroaggregate proportion and enhanced SOC accumulation (44.3–65.1%) across aggregate fractions compared with pure stands. Macroaggregates were enriched in MNC, particulate organic carbon, microbial biomass and enzyme activities. In contrast, microaggregates were characterized by higher EPS, mineral-associated organic carbon and Fe-associated organic carbon. In addition, bacterial diversity was more strongly associated with MNC accumulation, whereas fungal diversity showed a stronger association with EPS accumulation, indicating contrasting relationships between microbial community characteristics and microbial-derived carbon pools. Microbial necromass and EPS accumulation was associated with different SOC fraction. Partial least squares path modeling further indicated that the SOC accumulation was primarily regulated by MNC in macroaggregates and the EPS-mediated stabilization in microaggregates. Our results suggested that mixed forests promote SOC sequestration through the modification of microbial carbon stabilization pathways at the aggregate scale. Together, these findings reveal aggregate-specific accumulation and association patterns of microbial-derived carbon pools, highlighting the importance of aggregate microenvironments in shaping microbial contributions to SOC accumulation.