论文检索

总访问量：5926798次

总访客量：428910人

所有论文

121. 题目: Energy storage in humic acids promotes electron delivery from electrode to microbes
文章编号: N26072012
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Yaya Sun, Fangzhi Jiang, Xuedong Zhang, Salma Tabassum, Hongbo Liu
更新时间: 2026-07-20
摘要: Microbial electrochemical systems (MES) present excellent performances in utilizing external electricity to overcome the thermodynamic limits of conventional bio-reactions, but severely constrained by the transfer barriers of electrode electrons in their scale-up applications. The new approach of using humic acids (HAs) as conductive media could bypass the bottleneck of traditional electron supply modes centered on solid electrodes. Results showed that methane production could be boosted by 106.1% in anaerobic digestion (AD) driven by the discharge of HAs. Mechanism analysis showed that except for electron shuttles, HAs also has pseudocapacitive effects, and could efficiently obtain electrical energy from the electrode and store into its electroactive functional groups. Upon electrode charging, HAs achieved efficient pseudocapacitive storage of 140.7 F/g, driven by reversible Faradaic reactions. Molecular biology testing indicated charged HAs would approach microbial interface and couple with the cell electron transfer chain, subsequently smoothly delivering electrons to the microbes. This study found HAs played a role similar to biobatteries, reducing the electrode-microbe interfacial Tafel slope to 0.31 V/dec and yielding a 336.9% increase in bioavailable electrons delivered to microbes. Moreover, verification tests even obtained a 389.1% increase of acetate yield in the electron-dependent photocatalytic CO₂ reduction system. Obviously, energy storage of HAs could smooth electron delivery from electrode to microbes, providing a new strategy for solving the electron transfer barrier faced by the scale-up applications of MES.

122. 题目: Hierarchical porous pine needle biochar via synergistic regulation of activator and temperature for efficient iodine capture from gas and aqueous phases
文章编号: N26072011
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Yanfei Li, Dai Wu, Wenjie Pang, Mingru Bao, Liang He, Lili Jiang, Shudong Geng, Jianping Li
更新时间: 2026-07-20
摘要: The collection and storage of radioactive iodine isotopes in nuclear waste represent a critical safety challenge facing the modern nuclear industry. However, conventional iodine adsorbents still suffer from various limitations, including high cost, complex preparation, limited adsorption capacity, and poor reusability, which greatly restrict their practical application in nuclear waste treatment. Biomass-derived carbon materials have shown great promise for radioactive pollutant remediation owing to their abundant availability, eco-friendliness, and excellent performance. In this study, hierarchically porous biochar (PNC-9) was successfully synthesized from pine needles by regulating the potassium salt type and pyrolysis temperature. PNC-9 exhibited a remarkably high specific surface area of 2473.12 m2/g, representing an enhancement of over 147-fold compared to the pristine precursor. The material exhibits rapid iodine adsorption kinetics, with an adsorption capacity of 4.102 g·g−1 in iodine vapor within 2.5 h and 4.275 g·g−1 in aqueous solution in just 20 min. Furthermore, a biochar-supported sponge material (PNC-9@MS) was fabricated, demonstrating a saturated adsorption capacity of up to 2.289 g·g−1 and good reusability over seven cycles. The iodine-loaded and regenerated PNC-9 samples were characterized by SEM, BET, FT-IR, Raman, XPS, and DFT analyses, revealing the capture mechanism of different iodine species (I2, I3−, and I5−) by the adsorbent. These findings offer valuable insights for dual-phase iodine capture and establish the developed biomass-derived carbon as a cost-effective adsorbent with a versatile preparation strategy extendable to other biomass sources.

123. 题目: Sources of Water-Soluble Organic Carbon in Aerosols at the Cape Point GAW Station
文章编号: N26072010
期刊: ACS Earth and Space Chemistry
作者: Mishka Rawatlal, Kurt A M Spence, Marié E Smith, Casper Labuschagne, Katye E Altieri
更新时间: 2026-07-20
摘要: Aerosols play a major role in climate by influencing both radiative forcing and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) formation, with organic aerosols comprising a large fraction of the global natural aerosol burden (∼20–70%). Despite this importance, long-term observations of water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), particularly in size-segregated aerosols from natural sources, remain scarce in the southern hemisphere. Here, we present size-resolved WSOC measurements from an eight-month observational campaign (April to November 2018) at the Cape Point Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) station, a remote coastal site at the southern tip of Africa, ideally suited for elucidating marine, continental, and mixed aerosol sources. Weekly aerosol samples were classified using air mass back trajectories, radon-222 and carbon monoxide concentrations, wildfire observations, and satellite-derived chlorophyll-a to assess source influences. Across all air mass classifications, WSOC concentrations were consistently higher in the fine mode (<1 μm) than in the coarse mode (>1 μm) aerosols (0.58 ± 0.55 μg/m3 vs 0.20 ± 0.22 μg/m3, respectively). Fine mode WSOC concentrations were highest during periods influenced by biomass burning (0.87 ± 0.49 μg/m3) and continental outflow, while marine and modified marine air masses exhibited lower fine mode WSOC concentrations. However, periods of enhanced marine biological activity were associated with increased fine-mode WSOC concentrations. The observed predominance of WSOC in the fine mode across marine, modified marine, and continental air masses highlights the importance of secondary formation and atmospheric aging processes, rather than direct primary emissions, in controlling WSOC concentrations at Cape Point. Overall, WSOC levels at this coastal site reflect an integration of natural and anthropogenic sources, transport history, and atmospheric processing. These results establish a regional baseline for WSOC aerosols in southern Africa and contribute to a broader understanding of organic aerosol formation in a data-sparse southern hemisphere coastal environment.

124. 题目: Soil aggregate fractionation modulates Mollisol organic carbon biomineralization and CO2 emission during freeze-thaw cycles
文章编号: N26072009
期刊: Applied Geochemistry
作者: Wenjuan Zou, Kunfu Pi, Hongyan Li, Qianyong Liang, Lifen Liu, Fereidoun Rezanezhad
更新时间: 2026-07-20
摘要: Freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs) strongly regulate soil carbon dynamics in cold regions. Soil aggregates are core structural units that protect soil organic carbon (SOC) and regulate its biomineralization. While previous studies provide a good understanding of bulk soil properties, it remains elusive how aggregate size distribution modulates SOC biomineralization under repeated freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs). Cold-region Mollisols, which are characterized by high SOC concentration and strong aggregation, provide an ideal system to address this gap. Destructuring Mollisol aggregates enables disentangling size-dependent carbon protection mechanisms for preventing SOC from biodegradation. Here, joint field investigations and controlled FTCs incubation experiments were conducted using physically separated Mollisol aggregates to disentangle size-dependent carbon protection mechanisms. The results present new evidence that aggregate-mediated SOC biomineralization under FTCs exhibits a pronounced size-dependent pattern. Large macroaggregates (LMA) experienced severe physical disintegration during FTCs, exposing protected SOC and releasing 40% - 60% more cumulative CO2 than microaggregates (MIA). Small macroaggregates (SMA) showed moderate structural breakdown but comparatively low SOC biomineralization due to biochemical constraints. MIA remained structurally stable, accumulated microbially-derived dissolved organic matter, and acted as a stable carbon sink through organo-mineral associations and microbial adaptation. A modified dual-pool kinetic model further reveals that SOC loss from LMA was primarily driven by physical fragmentation, while SOC retention in MIA was governed by chemical stabilization and microbial resilience. Overall, our results highlight that aggregate hierarchical structure exerts critical control on SOC turnover and CO2 emission in cold-region Mollisols. Carbon biogeochemical models should integrate aggregate-level processes to accurately predict soil carbon dynamics in cold-region terrestrial ecosystems.

125. 题目: Effects of Landscape Pattern on Spatial Distribution of Soil Organic Carbon Content in a Typical Lakeside Oasis
文章编号: N26072008
期刊: Land Degradation & Development
作者: Ke Quan, Xinguo Li, Xiangyu Ge
更新时间: 2026-07-20
摘要: Knowledge of the factors influencing the spatial distribution of farmland soil organic carbon (SOC) content contributes to a better understanding of human impacts on soil, which is crucial for improving soil quality and mitigating climate change. Intensive agricultural production has significantly altered the landscape patterns of oasis farmlands, yet its effects on the spatial distribution of SOC content remain unclear. The study employed Ordinary Kriging interpolation and stepwise regression analysis using 71 surface soil samples (0–20 cm) from the Bosten Lake lakeside oasis in Xinjiang to investigate the effects of climate, topography, and landscape pattern on SOC content. Results showed that climate factors explained only 15% of SOC content variation ( R 2 = 0.15), with mean annual precipitation (MAP) exhibiting a significant negative effect. Incorporation of landscape pattern indices increased model explanatory power to 28% ( R 2 = 0.28, representing a 13% increase), with Contagion Index (CONTAG) and Mean Contiguity Index (CONTIG‐MN) showing significant negative influences, while aggregation‐related indices contributed positively to SOC accumulation under arid wind‐erosion conditions. The study quantitatively evaluated the contribution of landscape patterns to the spatial variation of SOC content in an arid lakeside oasis, where such relationships remain poorly understood, and reveals the positive role of moderately aggregated landscapes under wind‐erosion conditions. The findings provide a scientific basis for improving long‐term SOC sequestration, optimizing agricultural landscape management, and supporting sustainable development in arid oasis regions.

126. 题目: Pyrolysis of heavy metal-enriched plant residues: stabilization of Pb/Zn/Cd and MnFe2O4-modified biochar for Congo red adsorption
文章编号: N26072007
期刊: Environmental Geochemistry and Health
作者: Liying Jiang, Baolin Fang, Kejia He, Yuhao Cao, Mengjie Yang
更新时间: 2026-07-20
摘要: Phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils generates large quantities of metal-enriched plant residues that require safe disposal. Herein, we report an integrated valorization strategy for Sedum alfredii Hance residues: pyrolysis for heavy metal stabilization, followed by magnetic modification on the resulting biochar for Congo red (CR) adsorption. Pyrolysis was conducted at 400–900 °C, and the transformation behavior of Pb, Zn, and Cd was evaluated. The results demonstrated that pyrolysis effectively converted the acid-soluble/exchangeable fractions of Pb, Zn, and Cd into more stable residual forms, and their leaching concentrations decreased significantly with increasing pyrolysis temperature. Biochar produced at ≥ 700 °C exhibited no phytotoxicity in wheat seed germination tests. To enhance its adsorptive performance, the biochar pyrolyzed at 700 °C was magnetically modified with MnFe2O4. The modification improved the pore structure and surface function groups, facilitating CR adsorption. The resulting MnFe2O4-SBC biochar possessed a specific surface area of 91.68 m2/g and a maximum CR adsorption capacity of 199.89 mg/g, following the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. After five adsorption–desorption cycles, MnFe2O4-SBC retained high CR adsorption capacity, with minimal metal leaching. Mechanistic analysis revealed that adsorption was governed by electrostatic attraction, ion exchange, hydrogen bonding, π-π interactions, and surface complexation. Collectively, this study demonstrates that pyrolysis is a viable route for the safe disposal and value-added utilization of hyperaccumulator residues, turning a disposal burden into a functional biochar material.

127. 题目: Regional contrasts in phytoplankton communities and organic carbon pools: Hydrographic forcing and zooplankton grazing in the Cosmonaut and Cooperation Seas
文章编号: N26072006
期刊: Marine Pollution Bulletin
作者: Cuiting Li, Dong Li, Jun Zhao, Ji Hu, Xinliang Wang, Guijun Guo, Jianming Pan, Bin Wu, Peisong Yu, Weiping Sun, Guanbei Wu, Haifeng Zhang, Changfeng Zhu
更新时间: 2026-07-20
摘要: The Cosmonaut and Cooperation Seas are considered important sectors of the Southern Ocean carbon sink, yet interactions among hydrographic forcing, phytoplankton communities and organic carbon (OC) pools remain insufficiently constrained during the early sea-ice retreat period. During CHINARE-36 (December 2019-January 2020), we investigated 55 stations across 9 transects using measurements of macronutrients, phytoplankton pigments (UPLC and CHEMTAX), organic carbon (POC and DOC), remote sensing, and hydrographic observations. Distinct regional differences in stratification and mixed layer depth were observed between the two regions, suggesting contrasting mixed-layer environments associated with the Weddell Gyre and Prydz Bay Gyre. Higher phytoplankton biomass occurred in the Cosmonaut Sea, with enhanced Hapt-HighFe biomass, whereas the Cooperation Sea exhibited lower biomass and a greater contribution of Diatoms-B. These patterns are consistent with differences in light-mixing environments. POC was strongly correlated with chlorophyll a (r = 0.76, p < 0.01), indicating phytoplankton as a major POC source. Variations in depth-integrated POC/Chl a ratios indicated differences in POC-phytoplankton biomass coupling, with elevated values suggesting possible detrital or non-algal particulate contributions. DOC dominated total organic carbon, with DOC/TOC exceeding 90% in both regions, and likely reflected combined influences of phytoplankton release, particle degradation, microbial remineralization, and hydrographic processes. Chlorophyll degradation and possible grazing-related pigment signals were generally limited regionally. Overall, this integrated comparison of two gyre-influenced East Antarctic sectors shows that phytoplankton community structure, POC-phytoplankton coupling, and DOC-POC partitioning were closely associated with inferred light-mixing environments, providing a regional framework for evaluating phytoplankton-carbon coupling during the early sea-ice retreat period.

128. 题目: Unlocking the microplastics amplification effect: How biochar counters heavy metal risks by driving speciation shifts and reversing soil property degradation
文章编号: N26072005
期刊: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
作者: Feng Han, Li-Qi Ma, Si-Yu Liu, Zheng Li, Yi-Kai Wang, Jian Su, Jie Chen
更新时间: 2026-07-20
摘要: Microplastics and heavy metal co-contamination exacerbate risks to soil-plant ecosystem, yet remediation mechanisms remain unclear. This study demonstrated polystyrene microplastics reduce soil pH and soil organic (SOM), while increasing redox potential and zeta potential, suppressing urease, alkaline phosphatase, and sucrase activity, causing declines in soil total nitrogen, available phosphorus and potassium, inhibiting lettuce growth and increasing Pb and Cd significantly. Applying wood chip and straw biochar reversed soil pH to alkaline condition, enhanced reductivity, increased SOM by 47.68-50.46%, restored enzyme activity by 73.35-242.76%, improved nutrient availability, and significantly reduced Pb and Cd accumulation. Key mechanisms first revealed involve biochar synchronously correcting microplastic-induced soil acidification, organic matter loss, and dispersion through synergistic pH, SOM, and zeta potential adjustments. Biochar alleviated ecological hazards through dual pathways whereby increased SOM activated soil enzymes and phosphorus availability, promoted chlorophyll synthesis, and increased biomass by 23.46-29.23%; while it mitigated plant antioxidant enzyme increases, reduced malondialdehyde and free proline, alleviated membrane damage. Biochar facilitated Pb(II) conversion from exchangeable to organic-bound and residual fractions by enhancing two key factors: pH and SOM, achieving up to 89.04%, thereby reduced stem and leaf Pb accumulation by 25.38-29.45%, yet failed to fully offset Cd activation by microplastics. Wood chip biochar outperformed straw biochar in Pb immobilization and oxidative stress mitigation; both offered limited Cd remediation. This study elucidates the mechanisms by which organic matter hubs and pH govern the regulation of heavy metal speciation, providing a theoretical bases for the targeted remediation of co-contaminated soils.

129. 题目: Soil organic carbon loss as CO2 at depths up to 90 cm: Insights from δ13C isotopic profiles in a wheat–maize rotation
文章编号: N26072004
期刊: Catena
作者: Yuying Wang, Chunsheng Hu, Wenxu Dong, Xiaoxin Li, Yuming Zhang, Pengfei Wu, Jiafa Luo
更新时间: 2026-07-20
摘要: Quantifying depth-dependent characteristics of the carbon dioxide (CO2) pool and carbon (C) isotopic compositions of CO2 and soil organic carbon (SOC) may decipher depth-dependent sources of subsoil CO2 pool. We determined in-situ CO2 concentrations, fluxes, and δ13C values (13C/12C ratio) of CO2 and SOC within the 0–300 cm soil profile from 2019 to 2022 under a wheat–maize rotation on the North China Plain (NCP). During the wet-warm maize season, CO2 concentrations, fluxes, and δ13C–CO2 values were significantly higher than those in the dry-cold wheat season. The CO2 concentrations increased significantly with depth, whereas the CO2 fluxes and δ13C–CO2 values showed the opposite trend. The majority of positive CO2 fluxes occurred within the top 90 cm layer, indicating that this layer was the main source of soil respiration at the soil–atmosphere interface. The δ13C–CO2 signatures across the profile derived using the Keeling plot approach fell within the δ13C–SOC range of the 30–90 cm layer, suggesting consistency with an important contribution from SOC decomposition within this depth. Depth-dependent CO2 characteristics were associated with interactions among soil temperature, moisture, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). We highlight that the CO2 pool within 0–300 cm is consistent with an important contribution from SOC-derived respiration in the 30–90 cm layer, in addition to root respiration in the 0–30 cm layer. Our study provides evidence that the subsoil SOC pool at depths up to 90 cm may be converted into CO2 under intensive wheat–maize rotation.

130. 题目: Phanerochaete chrysosporium activates different phosphorus-enriched biochar for heavy metal removal: synergistic mechanisms of microbially induced phosphate precipitation
文章编号: N26072003
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Jingyi Gong, Yayuan Liu, Liang Hu, Zuopei Jiang, Yiqin Li, Hongbo Zhao
更新时间: 2026-07-20
摘要: Microbially induced phosphate precipitation (MIPP) is a promising strategy for heavy metal remediation, yet the influence of phosphorus (P) source solubility on the synergistic efficiency between P-enriched biochar (BC) and microorganisms remains poorly understood. In this study, four types of P-enriched sludge biochar were prepared using potassium dihydrogen phosphate (MKP), tricalcium phosphate (TCP), calcium phytate (PAC), and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP), and subsequently integrated with the P-solubilizing fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium (PC) to form composite mycelial pellets. The results demonstrated that the HAP@BC + PC system exhibited the superior Pb(II) removal efficiency of 93.4%. Mechanism analysis revealed that PC actively activated recalcitrant P-sources (HAP and PAC) via the secretion of low-molecular-weight organic acids and soluble microbial products (SMPs), creating a micro-scale P-replenishment environment that sustained the formation of stable minerals such as Pb10(PO4)6(OH)2. In contrast, the highly soluble MKP led to premature P-leaching and diminished synergistic efficiency, posing risks of water eutrophication. This work elucidates the interaction mechanisms between diverse P-sources and fungal metabolism, providing a theoretical framework for designing high-performance and slow-release MIPP systems for sustainable heavy metal removal, and provides a strategic selection of P-sources to avoid secondary P-pollution and eutrophication.

131. 题目: Alternate wetting and drying irrigation combined with biochar reduces greenhouse gas emissions and improves carbon balance in water‑scarce rice agroecosystems
文章编号: N26072002
期刊: Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
作者: Damián Fernández-Rodríguez, David Paulo Fangueiro, David Peña Abades, Luis Vicente Gil, Ángel Albarrán Liso, Manuel Pérez, Jose Manuel Rato-Nunes, Antonio López-Piñeiro
更新时间: 2026-07-20
摘要: This 3-year field study investigated the effects of different water management strategies and biochar application on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in a Mediterranean rice agroecosystem. The experiment compared a conventional flooding (CF) rice cultivation agroecosystem, CF cultivation amended with holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) biochar (CF-B), alternate wetting and drying (AWD) managed at –20 kPa with (AWD-B) and without biochar (AWD), and severely stressed AWD managed at –70 kPa with (AWDS-B) and without (AWDS) biochar. Biochar was applied at a rate of 35 t ha−1 during the first year of the study. Methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions were monitored throughout the experimental period, and global warming potential (GWP), yield-scaled GWP (GWP-y), and net ecosystem carbon balance (NECB) were calculated for each treatment. CF rice cultivation exhibited the highest CH4 emissions, which were markedly reduced under AWD, regardless of the severity threshold. Furthermore, under traditional flooding regimes, the biochar incorporation markedly reduced CH4 emissions. In addition, the transition from continuous flooding to intermittent irrigation did not result in substantial changes in N2O emissions, with values < 3.62 N2O-N kg ha−1. Biochar application effectively mitigated these N2O emissions, particularly in CF-B and AWD-B treatments. Over the final 2 years of the study, AWD-B exhibited the lowest GWP and GWP-y values. After 3 years of study, regardless of the irrigation regime, biochar ageing decreased carbon outputs and enhanced NECB values (33% compared with the initial treatments). These results suggest that integrating agroecosystem management practices, such as intermittent irrigation and holm oak biochar application, is an effective approach for mitigating GHG emissions and improving the carbon balance of Mediterranean rice systems while enhancing adaptation to the availability and efficient use of local natural water resources.

132. 题目: Compact CNN-Transformers match larger models for spatially-robust soil organic carbon mapping at regional scale
文章编号: N26072001
期刊: Geoderma
作者: Valerian Fourel, Martin Wiesmeier, Nafiseh Kakhani, Thomas Scholten
更新时间: 2026-07-20
摘要: Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) is a global reservoir in the carbon cycle, and accurate regional monitoring is needed for soil assessment and climate-change mitigation. Most Digital Soil Mapping (DSM) studies treat SOC as a static spatial target and report accuracy on random data splits, which spatial autocorrelation inflates. We evaluate a family of architectures, gated and ungated CNN-Transformer hybrids, plain Transformers, CNN–LSTM, Random Forest, and XGBoost, on 16,514 Bavarian topsoil samples (2007–2023) with a 43-band multi-temporal covariate stack, under 10-fold longitude-blocked spatial cross-validation. Every attention model clusters within one fold standard deviation, so a compact gated CNN-Transformer (87k parameters, ) comes within one fold standard deviation of a 45.1M-parameter pure Transformer () at roughly fewer parameters. Neither the convolutional front-end nor the gated residual network yields a separable gain, and added capacity does not help. Tree ensembles trail only modestly on the full domain (Random Forest 0.342, XGBoost 0.317). This edge is modest (0.05–0.07 in fold-mean , within the fold-to-fold spread) but consistent in sign across longitude-, latitude-, and cluster-blocked folds, and it is land-use stratified: on cropland alone, a low-variance regime, gradient-boosted trees are far stronger ( versus ), reproducing prior cropland-only Bavarian studies. The appropriate regional product is therefore a land-use-stratified map with tree ensembles on cropland and attention models on the high-variance organic remainder, rather than a single model. The contribution is thus not a new architecture for SOC mapping but a rigorous, spatially-validated architecture comparison and the land-use-dependent inversion of model performance it reveals. The recommended compact model produces a wall-to-wall 2023 SOC map of Bavaria at 250 m resolution.

133. 题目: Almond-shell-derived Fe-La biochar enables magnetic capture and pyrolysis-assisted conversion of nanoplastics
文章编号: N26071919
期刊: Bioresource Technology
作者: Jin Ge, Zhaoshuang Li, Xu Xu, He Liu, Guoen Yang, Chuntao Kuang, Min Zhang, Zhenfei Yang, Yuanfeng Wei, Yiqiang Wu
更新时间: 2026-07-19
摘要: Nanoplastics (NPs) are emerging aquatic contaminants with high mobility, colloidal stability, and potential biological accessibility. However, many existing treatment methods mainly transfer captured NPs into a secondary solid phase, leaving NP-bearing residues that still require further handling. To address this issue, Fe-La-modified magnetic almond-shell biochar was prepared as a regenerable adsorbent that integrates nanoplastics capture, magnetic recovery, and pyrolysis-assisted regeneration. Among the prepared materials, Fe/La@MBC-1:1 exhibited the best overall adsorption performance toward polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs), with a Langmuir maximum capacity of 555 mg/g. Stable removal behavior was maintained under varying water chemistry conditions and in real-water matrices. Additional tests further showed effective removal at lower PSNPs concentrations and across different particle sizes, surface functionalities, and selected nanoplastic types. The adsorption behavior was associated with enhanced interfacial interactions between Fe/La@MBC-1:1 and nanoplastics, including electrostatic attraction and van der Waals forces. After five adsorption-pyrolysis regeneration cycles, the removal efficiency remained at 85% in batch adsorption and above 70% after the fifth regeneration cycle in flow-through column operation. These results indicate that Fe/La@MBC-1:1 provides a feasible biochar-based route for integrated nanoplastics capture, magnetic recovery, and pyrolysis-assisted regeneration.

134. 题目: Sulfur-modified biochar for synergistic Cr(VI) immobilization and soil moisture retention: interfacial complexation and long-term stability under dynamic aging
文章编号: N26071918
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Sitong Li, Dong Huang, Junfeng Tang, Lipin Ren, Guiji Guo, Yonglong Wu, Aoyang Jiang, Yile Li, Zihan Su, Ruifeng Li, Jinghao Rao, Meiqin Zhou
更新时间: 2026-07-19
摘要: To address the separation challenges of highly mobile hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] in complex environments and mitigate soil water scarcity, a dual-functional sulfur-modified biochar (S-BC) was engineered from bamboo residues. Spectroscopic characterizations (XPS and FTIR) indicated the incorporation of surface-accessible sulfur moieties, including oxidized Sdouble bondO groups and a minor lower-valence sulfur fraction assignable to Csingle bondS/S0/polysulfide-like species. DFT calculations further indicated that Csingle bondSsingle bond and Sdouble bondOsingle bondbearing sites strengthened HCrO₄− adsorption and promoted interfacial charge redistribution toward Cr(VI), supporting a stepwise adsorption–electron transfer–Cr(III) fixation pathway. The separation behavior aligned with the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models, indicating a chemisorption-dominated purification process governed by robust surface complexation and the concomitant reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III). While providing a reliable baseline adsorption capacity (54.18 mg/g at 55 °C) in aqueous batch systems, S-BC exhibited exceptional structural stability and separation efficiency within complex continuous-flow matrices. Specifically, dynamic column assays demonstrated a 43.9% reduction in cumulative Cr(VI) leaching, with the S-BC sustaining a separation and immobilization efficiency exceeding 99% across rigorous wet-dry aging cycles. Furthermore, spatial configuration evaluations revealed that homogeneous mixing effectively mitigated preferential flow pathways, thereby optimizing mass transfer and outperforming layered application strategies. In addition to robust contaminant sequestration, the S-BC amendment significantly improved water retention (achieving a peak capacity of 44.50%), thereby validating its engineered dual-functionality. Collectively, these findings highlight S-BC as a highly viable, waste-derived material for the sustainable separation of Cr(VI) and the enhancement of drought resilience in fluctuating environments.

135. 题目: Soil texture affects methane emissions in paddy fields through alterations in organic carbon partitioning and root exudation
文章编号: N26071917
期刊: Journal of Cleaner Production
作者: Deshun Xiao, Yulu Yang, Chang Ye, Hengyu Ma, Chunmei Xu, Song Chen, Guang Chu, Yuanhui Liu, Kai Yu, Danying Wang
更新时间: 2026-07-19
摘要: Paddy rice systems are a major agricultural source of methane (CH4) emissions. Although soil texture is a fundamental soil property, its role in regulating CH4 emissions remains underexplored. A two-year field experiment was conducted using a split-split-plot design, with soil texture as the main plot, straw return method as the subplot, and nitrogen application as the sub-subplot, to elucidate the effects and mechanisms of soil texture on CH4 emissions. The results showed that paddy fields with different soil textures exhibited distinct CH4 emission patterns and responded differently to straw incorporation and nitrogen fertilization. When straw was incorporated, nitrogen fertilization significantly reduced CH4 emissions in silty clay loam (15.9% clay) and sandy loam (7.0% clay) by 19.20% and 43.14%, respectively, but increased emissions in silty loam (2.6% clay) by 36.84%. Therefore, this study proposed that straw return and nitrogen application strategies should be optimized based on soil texture, which would facilitate further CH4 mitigation. Soil texture was found to primarily regulate CH4 emissions by influencing organic carbon allocation and plant growth. Silty clay loam promoted the partitioning of organic carbon into mineral-associated organic carbon, whereas sandy loam favored the accumulation of particulate organic carbon. Dissolved organic carbon exhibited the strongest correlation with CH4 emissions. Root exudates were identified as a key factor in the soil-plant-microbe interaction network governing CH4 emissions in paddy fields and had the highest importance score in Random Forest models. Moreover, key differential root metabolites not only demonstrated strong predictive performance for CH4 emissions but also exhibited robust linear relationships with CH4 fluxes, and were also significantly correlated with the composition of CH4-related functional microbial communities. This work provided new insights into the mechanisms underlying CH4 emissions in paddy fields and provided both a theoretical foundation and practical management strategies for precision mitigation. These advances contributed to promoting cleaner rice production and achieving sustainable agricultural goals.

136. 题目: Direct addition and legacy effects of sulphur fertilisation on microbial soil organic matter mineralisation and priming effect
文章编号: N26071916
期刊: Soil Biology and Biochemistry
作者: Yahaya Jebril Amanor, Eric Paterson, Nabla Kennedy, Aoife M Duff, Patrick Forrestal, David P Wall, Fiona Brennan
更新时间: 2026-07-19
摘要: A promising strategy to optimise nitrogen (N) management in agriculture involves accounting for microbial soil organic matter (SOM) mineralisation and incorporating the associated N-flux into fertiliser management. While SOM mineralisation is known to be influenced by C:N stoichiometry, the role of other nutrients, particularly sulphur (S) in regulating the process remains poorly understood. This study investigated SOM priming under four S fertilisation scenarios: no S; direct S, S legacy, and S legacy + direct S. Glucose-13C was added to soils with all S fertilisation scenarios, and 13CO2 and CO2 measured over a 16-day incubation period. Microbial biomass (C, N, S, P) and enzyme activities were measured, while molecular sequencing and RNA:DNA ratios assessed microbial metabolic potential and life strategies linked to priming. Glucose addition stimulated positive priming via increased enzyme activity and was associated with higher microbial biomass N and P, but not C, indicating stoichiometric regulation. This was accompanied by increased metabolic potential of both r and K-strategist SOM decomposers: Nakamurella, Microlunatus, and Cellvibrio. S legacy increased positive priming by 86% relative to NoS, whereas direct S addition to this soil reduced priming by 31%, along with reductions in enzyme activities. Legacy, but not direct S drove differences in microbial community, indicating the S-legacy-induced change in priming was associated with prevalence of a distinct microbial community with enhanced SOM turnover capacity. Upon direct S addition, this community shifted to use of the added S, reducing reliance on SOM mineralisation. The increased metabolic potential of both r-strategist (Ohtaekwangia) and K-strategist (Kribella and Cellvibrio) SOM decomposers under S legacy indicate diverse microbial life strategies were associated with priming under S fertilisation. Our findings indicate tailored S management can influence microbial processes regulating SOM mineralisation, with implications for timing and availability of N, P, and S to support more sustainable agricultural production.

137. 题目: Flooding patterns and litter traits drive the early-stage divergence of particulate and mineral-associated organic carbon in coastal wetlands
文章编号: N26071915
期刊: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science
作者: Eesha Wasim, Xinhan Dong, Jiantong Liu, Hongcheng Li, Zhongzheng Yan
更新时间: 2026-07-19
摘要: Coastal wetlands are globally significant blue carbon sinks, yet the mechanisms driving the early-stage divergence of particulate (POC) and mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) under altered hydrology and contrasting plant litter inputs remain poorly understood. A 60-day microcosm experiment examined how two flooding patterns — low-frequency/short-duration (high marsh, HM) and high-frequency/long-duration (low marsh, LM) — interact with labile Spartina alterniflora (low C/N ratio) and recalcitrant Phragmites australis (high lignin/N ratio) litters to drive the early-stage transformation of soil organic carbon (SOC) into dissolved organic carbon (DOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), POC, and MAOC. By integrating physical SOC fractionation, 16S rRNA gene sequencing with FAPROTAX functional prediction, and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) path analysis, we identified a stability trade-off: the LM pattern facilitates POC preservation under persistent anoxia, while the HM pattern promotes microbially driven MAOC formation in the later stages of decomposition, driven by fluctuating redox conditions. Litter chemistry further partitions carbon fate: labile S. alterniflora enhances microbial-necromass-derived MAOC formation via the microbial carbon pump, whereas recalcitrant P. australis preferentially accumulates as POC specifically under HM, where oxygen availability allows litter recalcitrance to exert its effect; under LM, sustained anoxia suppresses this litter-quality control. Litter addition also restructured bacterial community structure, with copiotrophic bacteria dominating early stages and oligotrophic bacteria increasing in relative abundance over time. These findings establish a mechanistic framework for predicting coastal wetland blue carbon resilience under sea-level rise, shifting tidal regimes, and vegetation shifts.

138. 题目: Visible-light-driven CuVO/biochar composite activates periodate for efficient diclofenac degradation: Unveiling the electron-shuttling mechanism of p-benzoquinone
文章编号: N26071914
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Yuxin liu, Wen Tan, Sinuo Gong, Yang Guo, Jingyi Zhu, Honghui Pan, Qin Shi, Shiyong Huang, Ziyin Li, Chuanqi Zhao
更新时间: 2026-07-19
摘要: Persistent emerging contaminants have attracted growing attention owing to their environmental persistence and potential risks to ecosystems and human health. Herein, a visible-light-driven CuVO/BC photocatalytic system with synergistic electron transfer was constructed by introducing periodate (PI, strong oxidant) and p-benzoquinone (p-BQ, electron mediator). The p-BQ-modified PI/CuVO/BC system exhibited a 248-fold reaction rate enhancement relative to the control, achieving complete diclofenac (DCF) degradation within 10 min. As an electron acceptor and shuttle, p-BQ captured photogenerated electrons to form p-BQ•-, which efficiently suppressed e--h+ recombination, accelerated electron transfer to PI, and enabled cyclic electron transport for continuous reactive species production. Quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance identified 1O2 as the dominant reactive species, alongside •OH, •O2-, IO3•, and h+. Electrochemical tests verified that p-BQ reduced charge-transfer resistance and boosted photocurrent response, confirming its key role in electron regulation. The system showed high activity over a wide pH range, with low sensitivity to common anions (only CO32- exerted strong inhibition) and excellent structural stability (validated by SEM, XRD, XPS, FTIR) and recyclability. The transformation intermediates were identified by LC-MS, and the possible degradation pathways were proposed, including hydroxylation, decarboxylation, dechlorination, C-N bond cleavage, and aromatic ring-opening reactions. Toxicity assessment indicated that the overall toxicity of the intermediates gradually decreased. The system retained a high activity across various water matrices and under natural sunlight, which highlighted its strong environmental adaptability and practical potential. These findings have provided new insights for the removal of pharmaceutical pollutants and the design of multi-component, synergistic electron-regulation photocatalytic systems.

139. 题目: Micro-interfacial dynamic response mechanisms of arsenic adsorption by river biofilms: Roles of EPS components and functional groups
文章编号: N26071913
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Yafu Zhang, Qiuying An, Haibo Zhou, Changzhou Yan
更新时间: 2026-07-19
摘要: River biofilms produce more complex extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) than single algae or bacteria. Due to their high adsorption capacity, widespread distribution, and in situ remediation potential, they are considered a promising technology for arsenic (As)-contaminated water remediation. However, the micro-interfacial dynamic response mechanisms underlying As(III)/As(V) interaction with river biofilm EPS remain poorly understood. Compared with EPS-depleted biofilms, intact biofilms showed stronger As adsorption, and potentiometric titration revealed that the total apparent concentration of titratable sites in intact biofilms reached 829.6 μmol g⁻¹ , approximately 2.17 times that in EPS-depleted biofilms. ITC confirmed spontaneous As–EPS binding, with As(V) exhibiting higher affinity than As(III), as indicated by a higher binding constant (9.56 × 10 ³ vs. 2.05 × 10 ³ M⁻¹) and a more negative ΔG value (−22.72 vs. −18.90 kJ mol⁻¹). Fluorescence analysis showed that tryptophan- and tyrosine-like components participated in As binding; at 200 μM As(III)/As(V), their fluorescence intensities decreased by 46.0%/27.0% and 50.3%/30.9%, respectively. Complementary spectroscopic and surface chemical analyses identified hydroxyl, carboxyl, ether, amide, amino, and carbonyl groups as key reactive sites. Polysaccharide-associated groups responded earlier than protein-associated groups. As(V) showed relatively stable selectivity for oxygen-containing polysaccharide sites, whereas As(III) exhibited broader but concentration-dependent interactions with both polysaccharide and protein domains. These findings provide molecular-level insights into the spatially heterogeneous and concentration-dependent mechanisms of As adsorption by river biofilm EPS.

140. 题目: Lignocellulose precursor regulated radical/non-radical pathways of diclofenac degradation in Fe/biochar activated percarbonate systems
文章编号: N26071912
期刊: Bioresource Technology
作者: Yudong Huo, Xinyu Zhou, Xuxuan Lu, Ying Zhang, Chun Pei, Lijie Xu, Lu Gan
更新时间: 2026-07-19
摘要: Percarbonate (SPC) an environmentally friendly peroxide has attracted increasing attention. Herein, two iron-carbon composites with distinct structures were synthesized regulated by the carbon precursors of cellulose and lignin, and the performance of SPC activation was compared using diclofenac (DCF) as the probe. The cellulose-derived Fe3C@Cel showed core-shell appearance and graphitic structure, demonstrating stronger ability of adsorption, retaining iron and electron transfer than the lignin-derived Fe0@Ln. The removal efficiency of DCF by both catalysts was comparable to that in corresponding processes activating peroxymonosulfate and H2O2. The complete degradation of 0.05 mM DCF could be achieved within 10 min. Compared with Fe0@Ln, Fe3C@Cel exhibited more significant advantages in adapting wide pH range and complex water compositions, reducing reagent dosage, and improving sustainability. The DCF removal rate in Fe3C@Cel/SPC could still maintain 84.0% after 5 cycles. The non-radical electron transfer mechanism contributed more significantly to DCF degradation in Fe3C@Cel/SPC, while •OH, O2•- and CO3•- were the dominant contributors in Fe0@Ln/SPC. The lattice oxygen and CO groups contributed to the ROS generation in Fe3C@Cel/SPC process, while the lattice oxygen and homogeneous activation by Fe2+ were the main routes of ROS generation in Fe0@Ln/SPC process. The identification of primary degradation intermediates revealed that fewer intermediates were identified in Fe3C@Cel/SPC, and the toxicity evaluation of the intermediates showed general decrease trends of bioconcentration factor, mutagenicity, developmental toxicity and biological toxicity. The intermediates identified in Fe3C@Cel/SPC showed lower developmental and biological toxicity. The results may provide insights in developing practical and environmentally friendly advanced water treatment technologies.