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741. 题目: Simulation of decadal variations in soil organic carbon stocks in French forests
文章编号: N26070413
期刊: Geoderma
作者: Mojtaba Houballah, Hugues Clivot, Fabien Ferchaud, Julia Le Noë, Pierre Barré, Lauric Cécillon, Bertrand Guenet, Manuel Nicolas, Elisa Bruni, Julie-Maï Paris, François Baudin, Nicolas Delpierre
更新时间: 2026-07-04
摘要: Forest soils play a critical role in the global carbon cycle, yet predicting their response to environmental change remains limited by the scarcity of models validated against long-term observations. Here, we tested whether AMG, a simple soil organic carbon model originally developed for croplands, could simulate the dynamics of SOC stocks in temperate forests. We adapted the original AMG model to forest conditions, creating the AMG-Forest model. To better represent forest soil functioning, we added to the original AMG model a new compartment representing the surface litter layer dynamics. We further initialized soil carbon pools using Rock-Eval® thermal analysis, which helps distinguish more stable from more active forms of soil carbon. We calibrated and evaluated the AMG-Forest model over SOC data obtained from two campaigns performed on average 15.5 years apart over 97 plots in the French long-term forest monitoring network (RENECOFOR). The AMG-Forest model reproduced the average trend toward SOC accumulation observed in the RENECOFOR forest soils, but its site-level predictive skill was poor and no better than a mean-model baseline; it also failed to capture inter-site variability and systematically overestimated sequestration rates, likely because calibration conducted separately for broadleaf and coniferous plots could not compensate for missing site-specific controls such as belowground carbon inputs, litter quality, and microclimatic regulation of decomposition. A complementary Random Forest analysis, using standard pedoclimatic descriptors, likewise explained little of the observed variance in the SOC trends. Although part of this unexplained variance likely reflects measurement uncertainty and missing drivers, the observed decoupling between litter and mineral soil carbon stocks was robust, indicating that litter accumulation did not translate consistently into mineral SOC gain over the resampling interval. These results show that transferring cropland soil carbon models to forests requires more than simple structural change and reparameterization. Reducing uncertainties in forest soil carbon accounting will therefore require better constraints on both candidate forest-specific controls, such as microclimate and belowground carbon inputs, and the observations used for model calibration and evaluation.

742. 题目: Decoupling the etching-collapse competition in biochar activation: A domain-robust machine learning framework for porosity engineering
文章编号: N26070412
期刊: Bioresource Technology
作者: Zhuwei Liu, Xinshuo Zhao, Yanzhen Li, Xiande Zhu, Tingsan Song, Dongmei Bi
更新时间: 2026-07-04
摘要: Potassium hydroxide (KOH) activation is widely used to enhance the porosity of biomass-derived biochar, yet rational optimization remains difficult because activation outcomes depend on precursor texture and vary across literature sources. Here, 123 literature-derived records from 29 distinct literature sources were compiled to develop a domain-aware and interpretable machine-learning framework for biochar porosity engineering. A baseline-normalized target, Δlog(SBET), was defined to quantify activation-induced specific surface area gain relative to the precursor state. Under source-grouped holdout validation, tree-based ensemble models retained relatively stable performance for Δlog(SBET), with a median R2 close to 0.8, whereas micropore-volume prediction showed weaker transferability. Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) and permutation-based analyses indicated that precursor baseline texture dominated the model response, with KOH/Char providing a controllable signal for activation severity. The response patterns support a literature-consistent trade-off between pore development and over-activation-induced degradation. Applicability-domain analysis was used to delineate locally supported and extrapolative regions of the design space, rather than to quantify predictive uncertainty. This framework provides domain-qualified guidance for matching activation severity to precursor texture and reducing empirical trial-and-error in biomass-derived porous carbon production.

743. 题目: Feedstock-dependent oxidation and immobilization of As(III) by iron-modified biochars: The role of intrinsic lignin in enhancing electron transfer.
文章编号: N26070411
期刊: Environmental Research
作者: Qi Li, Linfeng Li, Jingtao Wu, Yichun Li, Jianghu Cui
更新时间: 2026-07-04
摘要: The contamination of global water resources with arsenic (As(III)) has become a critical public health problem, and high-efficiency, sustainable remediation technologies are urgently required. Although iron-modified biochars hold great promise as remediation materials, the biochar matrix is commonly considered merely as a scaffold, and the foundational role of biomass feedstock selection in governing remediation efficacy remains insufficiently explored. In this study, three representative biomass feedstocks were systematically evaluated to elucidate the relationship between intrinsic lignin content and the remediation efficacy of iron-modified biochars. The results revealed a positive association between the lignin content of biomass precursors and the electrochemical activity and As(III) sequestration capacity of the resulting composites. Notably, tea residue-derived Fe-modified biochar (Fe-TC) achieved a high adsorption capacity of 143.06 mg g-1, approximately twice that of other biochars with higher surface areas. This enhanced performance is likely associated with electron transfer mediated by the lignin-derived carbon matrix, wherein persistent quinone-like groups and a high degree of graphitization elevate the intrinsic electron accepting capacity (EAC). These electrochemical properties facilitate the activation of Fenton-like reactions, generating superoxide radicals that promote the rapid oxidation of As(III) and its subsequent immobilization via Fe-oxide complexation and coprecipitation. Our findings provide a feedstock-centric design strategy, transforming biomass selection from an empirical process into a scientifically grounded engineering principle for advanced environmental materials.

744. 题目: Organic matter amendment regulates surface electrochemical properties of yellow soils: The major role of Alkyl C and O-Alkyl C
文章编号: N26070410
期刊: Soil and Tillage Research
作者: Xiaoshuai Song, Cheng Liang, Chenyang Liu, Lin Ning, Xiheng Lv, Wei Liu, Rena Yasin, Yunhang Luo, Jiangwen Li, Chenyang Xu, Wei Du, Wuquan Ding, Feinan Hu
更新时间: 2026-07-04
摘要: The surface electrochemical properties of soils serve as important indicators for evaluating the quality and fertility of agricultural soils. The addition of organic matter significantly impacts soil electrochemical properties by increasing soil organic carbon content. However, different organic amendments undergo distinct decomposition and transformation processes, resulting in substantial differences in the molecular structures of SOC. At present, a systematic understanding of the intrinsic relationship between SOC functional group composition and soil surface electrochemical properties remains limited. To address this gap, a two-year field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different organic amendments on soil surface electrochemical properties. Solid-state 13C-CPMAS NMR spectroscopy was employed to characterize SOC functional groups and to identify the key structures driving changes in electrochemical properties. Compared with the control, bio-organic fertilizer (BF), corn straw biochar (CB), and liquid humic acid fertilizer (HF) treatments significantly increased soil pH, while soil electrical conductivity significantly increased under the corn straw (CS) and BF treatments. In terms of carbon and nitrogen pools, the CB treatment significantly increased SOC content and elevated the soil C/N ratio, whereas the BF treatment mainly increased soil total nitrogen without significantly altering the C/N ratio. SOC under all treatments was primarily composed of O-alkyl C and Alkyl C. However, the CB treatment promoted the enrichment of Aromatic C and Carbonyl C. The BF treatment was more strongly associated with O-alkyl C structures, while the CS and HF treatments increased the relative proportions of Alkyl C and N-alkyl C. All organic amendment treatments increased soil surface charge number, with the BF treatment showing the largest increase (23.23% higher than control). Significant differences in soil specific surface area were also observed, with the CS treatment exhibiting the highest value, followed by BF and HF. Redundancy analysis indicated that Alkyl C and O-alkyl C were the key functional groups driving variations in soil surface electrochemical properties. These findings elucidate the molecular-level mechanisms by which different organic amendments regulate soil surface electrochemical properties and provide a theoretical basis for optimizing organic fertilization strategies in yellow soils to enhance nutrient retention and carbon sequestration potential.

745. 题目: High resolution 4D soil organic carbon stock mapping at farm scale
文章编号: N26070409
期刊: Soil and Tillage Research
作者: Nícolas Augusto Rosin, José A M Demattê, Heidy Soledad Rodríguez-Albarracín, Jorge Tadeu Fim Rosas, Bruno dos Anjos Bartsch, Jean Jesus Macedo Novais, Marcelo Henrique Procópio Pelegrino, Carlos Eduardo Pellegrino Cerri, Danilo César de Mello, Renan Falcioni
更新时间: 2026-07-04
摘要: Soil organic carbon (SOC) is intrinsically linked to global carbon balance, climate change mitigation, soil health, and agricultural productivity. Therefore, obtaining accurate information on the spatial-temporal of the soil organic carbon stock (SOCS) is essential. We proposed a four-dimensional (4D) SOCS mapping approach, encompassing space (two dimensions), depth and time. A 100 × 100 m grid sampling was conducted in 1997 and 2022 at two depths (0–20 cm and 80–100 cm) in a sugarcane farm. Dynamic and static covariates representing the soil formation processes were used to fit three Cubist models. We tested three strategies for SOCS spatial-temporal mapping: 1) a model for each year, 2) a model fitted using only the data of the last year (2022) and 3) a multitemporal model using data of both periods. Based on external validation, strategy 1 and 3 produced more accurate and less biased maps, with coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.74, root mean square error (RMSE) of 7.69 ton ha−1 and bias of 3.43 ton ha−1 and R2 of 0.76, RMSE of 7.19 ton ha−1 and Bias of 3.25 ton ha−1 for strategy 3, respectively. Strategy 2 was less efficient (R2 = 0.71; RMSE = 11.06 ton ha−1; Bias = 7.93 ton ha−1). Strategy 3 is particularly useful for SOCS mapping when only limited temporal observations are available. Soil attributes (static) were most important covariates for modeling, followed by a bare soil image (dynamic) and vegetation information (dynamic). An increase in SOCS was observed in most sampling sites and predicted maps. The SOCS dynamic was related to soil type, geology and showed an inverse relationship with bare soil frequency. Finally, the SOCS saturation deficit was assessed by spatio-temporal mapping.

746. 题目: Carbon and nitrogen stocks and soil organic matter stabilization in a tropical coffee agroecosystem: A 15-year study on phosphogypsum and brachiaria intercropping
文章编号: N26070408
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Kaoutar Boufous, Luis Carlos Colocho Hurtarte, Nicolas Gustavo da Cruz da Silva, Lílian Angélica Moreira, Malak Elmeknassi, Paulo Sergio Pavinato, Luiz Antonio Martinelli, Matheus Sampaio Carneiro Barreto, Hudson Wallace Pereira de Carvalho
更新时间: 2026-07-04
摘要: Soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (N) are critical components for soil fertility and act as carbon sinks for mitigating climate change in tropical agroecosystems. We aimed to investigate the impact of 15 years of surface application of phosphogypsum (PG) on the stocks, quality, and stabilisation mechanisms of SOC in a coffee plantation in Brazil. The soil was sampled in the coffee row and interrow and compared to native Cerrado. The interrow, was managed with Brachiaria as a cover crop. Relative to native Cerrado soils, interrows retained more N in the surface horizons and C in the subsoil due to continuous inputs from litterfall and root turnover. Application of 56 Mg/ha PG increased equivalent soil mass-corrected total profile C stocks in the interrow to 153 Mg/ha, approximately 13% higher than those of native Cerrado soils. Even though PG was not applied in the interrow, the lateral flow of Ca2+ and SO42- may have enhanced the availability of nutrients in the subsoil. δ13C and δ15N isotopic signatures indicated a legacy of C4 vegetation and tight C-N cycling. Using synchrotron-based micro-FTIR imaging, we observed that PG promoted greater spatial clustering of SOC functional groups and stronger organo-mineral associations with clay minerals, suggesting enhanced SOC stabilization. These findings suggest that stabilization occurred primarily through enhanced physical protection rather than shifts in carbon chemical composition and was increasingly associated with Ca-mediated binding. Our results show that combining a perennial cover crop with PG management enhances long-term soil carbon storage and nutrient cycling, while promoting SOC stabilization in tropical coffee agroecosystems.

747. 题目: Integrating Experiments and Models To Unravel Interactions between Soil Organic Matter and Enhanced Weathering.
文章编号: N26070407
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Arthur Vienne, Tom Cox, Harun Niron, Bertrand Guenet, Reinaldy Poetra, Laura Steinwidder, Charline Vandenhove, Sara Vicca
更新时间: 2026-07-04
摘要: Key uncertainties remain in predicting carbon sequestration through enhanced weathering (EW), particularly regarding secondary mineral formation and interactions with the organic matter. We compared a coupled inorganic-organic geochemical model (PHREEQCENTURY) with soil measurements and CO2 efflux from a 389-day mesocosm experiment using soils amended with varying alkaline manure, basalt, and dunite inputs. Silicate amendments did not enhance dissolved inorganic C leaching or significantly increase pedogenic carbonate accumulation. PHREEQC simulations indicated that base cations preferentially precipitated as secondary clays rather than carbonates, inhibiting CO2 removal. Sequential extractions suggested that Al, Fe and base cations were mainly retained via adsorption to (hydr)oxides and organic matter, with additional retention in secondary clays indicated by models. Higher organic matter addition did not increase element release from basalt─and reduced leached K and Fe─while decreasing the reactive surface area of basalt, indicating a counteractive effect of manure on rock weathering. Alkaline manure addition also likely decreased weathering of pyroxene and olivine minerals. Cumulative soil CO2 efflux did not differ significantly among treatments, consistent with PHREEQCENTURY simulations, predicting limited treatment effects due to minor changes in soil pH, moisture and organic C stabilization as mineral-associated organic matter in this soil.

748. 题目: Soil anaerobic microsites mediate land use and precipitation effects on soil organic carbon on a regional scale.
文章编号: N26070406
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Terrance D Loecke, Stephan N Koenigsberger, Benjamin Sikes, Matthew VanderPutten, Lucas Leininger, Hélène Avocat, Sharon A Billings, Matthew F Kirk
更新时间: 2026-07-04
摘要: Anaerobic microsites promote soil organic carbon (SOC) storage by shielding it from oxidative degradation. However, relationships between anaerobic microsite abundance and SOC storage in upland soils have yet to be explored on a regional scale, where variation in climate and land use co-occur. This study examines the association of a proxy for soil anaerobic volume and SOC concentration across the North American mid-continent's mean annual precipitation (MAP) gradient (478-1040 mm, ∼1.1 mm km-1) and three common land uses (native prairie, agriculture, and post-agriculture). We analyzed soil samples for the concentration of 0.5 N hydrochloric acid extractable ferrous iron (Fe(II)), which we use as an integrative proxy of antecedent anaerobic conditions. Soil Fe(II) concentration was highest in soils with minimal sand content and increased with MAP in agricultural and post-agricultural soils but not in native prairie soils. Soil Fe(II) concentration was consistently higher near the soil surface (0-5 cm) than at depth (5-15 or 15-30 cm). We found that Fe(II) was a better predictor of SOC across our 20 study locations and three soil depths than was MAP or soil pH or texture. Furthermore, our results highlight how anaerobic microsites in soils can mediate well-established relationships between SOC concentrations and land use and MAP. Land use had a predictable effect on SOC, but these land use effects on SOC were partly attributed to variation in anaerobic microsites. Specifically, 25% (P < 0.05) of the greater SOC in post-agricultural compared to agricultural sites was associated with increased anaerobic microsite concentration. Additionally, half of the total effect of MAP on SOC was explained by variation in soil Fe(II) (52.6%, P < 0.018). Taken together, our findings indicate that soil anaerobic microsites contribute significantly to SOC stabilization across large-scale precipitation gradients in otherwise well aerated soils, and that current agricultural management destabilizes both anaerobic microsites and SOC.

749. 题目: Socioeconomic Drivers Reshape Dissolved Organic Matter (DOM) Sources in Highly Regulated Rivers: Evidence From the Yellow River Basin
文章编号: N26070405
期刊: Clean - Soil Air Water
作者: Ji Qi, Haojing Zhang, Dongping Liu, Shixiang Zhang, Yan Hao, Huibin Yu
更新时间: 2026-07-04
摘要: Accurate pollution source identification is critical for effective watershed management in highly regulated river basins, where traditional water quality indicators often lack source specificity or fail to capture the complex influence of socioeconomic drivers. This study developed an integrated methodological framework combining three‐dimensional excitation‐emission matrix (3D‐EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy, a Bayesian mixing model (MixSIAR), and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS‐SEM) to quantify dissolved organic matter (DOM) sources and elucidate their anthropogenic driving mechanisms in the Ningxia reach of the Yellow River. PARAFAC analysis resolved five fluorescence components, while MixSIAR and PLS‐SEM were utilized to apportion sources and examine multidimensional socioeconomic impacts. MixSIAR results revealed that aquaculture non‐point sources (ANS) dominated the basin (53.6%–66.1%), with a clear longitudinal transition from upstream autochthonous inputs (27.3% in Zhongwei) to intensified urban point sources peaking in the regional capital, Yinchuan (38.6%). PLS‐SEM demonstrated that unified socioeconomic factors—urbanization, population density, and GDP—significantly drive both water quality (0.575) and DOM composition (0.524), while a nonsignificant pathway (0.187) between them underscores DOM's superior sensitivity to anthropogenic disturbances. This integrated framework substantially enhances the resolution of source apportionment, providing a robust and transferable diagnostic tool for tracking environmental impacts. Overall, the findings highlight the necessity of source‐oriented management prioritizing aquaculture control and urban discharge regulation. Future research should incorporate finer‐resolution geospatial data and localized land‐use indicators to further refine these complex driving mechanisms and support adaptive, data‐driven watershed governance and restoration efforts.

750. 题目: Cross-shore heterogeneity in organic carbon storage and source composition in bare tidal flats of South Korea
文章编号: N26070404
期刊: Marine Pollution Bulletin
作者: Young Eun Kim, Seo Joon Yoon, Taewoo Kim, Inha Kwon, Hosang Kim, Cheongjae Lee, Gyungmin Yi, Seolhui Bang, Kyungsik Choi, Bong-Oh Kwon, Jong Seong Khim
更新时间: 2026-07-04
摘要: Bare tidal flats are increasingly recognized as blue carbon reservoirs, but system-scale estimates are prone to bias when cross-shore heterogeneity is not adequately captured. We quantified sedimentary total organic carbon (TOC) content, organic carbon (OC) stocks, sequestration rates, and source composition along shore-normal transects in five Korean bare tidal flat systems during 2022–2024. Surface-layer TOC showed no significant temporal variation, but pronounced spatial gradients in OC stocks occurred among and within systems. Mud-rich Suncheon Bay recorded the highest mean OC stock (56.3 Mg C ha−1) and apparent OC sequestration rate (0.52 Mg C ha−1 yr−1), whereas the sand-dominated Nakdong River estuary exhibited the lowest (7.5 Mg C ha−1). Within-system OC stocks varied up to 6-fold; extrapolating solely from carbon-rich upper flats would overestimate system means by nearly 89%. Comparisons with sediment-type-based estimates confirmed that such extrapolations fail to capture substantial internal heterogeneity. Stable isotope profiles revealed stronger marine-derived influence in most systems, but terrestrial influence remained highest in the Nakdong River estuary despite low OC, demonstrating that source composition alone does not determine carbon storage. Downcore isotope shifts at GH3 and ND1–ND2 were broadly consistent with CRS-derived event-depth markers for Han River channel-engineering (1982) and Nakdong barrage construction (1987), suggesting that anthropogenic modifications may have influenced OC source composition. These findings provide field-based evidence that reliable system-scale OC estimation in bare tidal flats requires shore-normal transects capturing within-system heterogeneity and offer a basis for reducing bias in regional blue carbon inventories.

751. 题目: Source and depositional pattern of bulk organic matter in a subtropical eco-sensitive lake sediment in Bihar, India: A Bayesian isotope mixing approach
文章编号: N26070403
期刊: Marine Pollution Bulletin
作者: Nutan Nandan Patel, Avinash Dass, Rajesh Kumar Ranjan
更新时间: 2026-07-04
摘要: Lake sediments play a critical role in regulating nutrient cycling; however, unmanaged nutrient inputs can disrupt these processes and degrade aquatic ecosystems. This study focuses on Ghora Katora Lake, an eco-sensitive site in Rajgir, Nalanda district of Bihar, India. The study aims to determine the source apportionment of bulk organic matter (OM) in lake sediment by analyzing proxies such as Total Organic Carbon (TOC), Total Nitrogen (TN), TOC/TN, and stable isotopes (δ13C and δ15N). Surface sediments were collected seasonally (pre-monsoon, monsoon, post-monsoon) from 21 locations, along with one-time core sediments from six sites. TOC-TN concentrations were analyzed using an Elemental Analyzer, and stable isotopes using Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry (IRMS). Bayesian model (MixSIAR) was applied for probabilistic OM source apportionment. In surface sediment, TOC (0.16–2.42%) and TN (0.03–0.59%) vary seasonally (i.e., post-monsoon < monsoon < pre-monsoon) alongside δ13C (−27.1‰ to −21.3‰) and δ15N (−1.1‰ to 4.7‰), reflecting changing productivity and runoff inputs. The mean TOC/TN ratio (7.42 ± 2.3) suggests a mixed OM contribution: vascular/terrestrial input (TOC/TN 11–20) and phytoplankton/protein-rich material (TOC/TN 4–10). Core sediments indicate declining TOC (0.09–0.62%) and TN (0.02–0.13%) with depth, alongside modest isotopic variation (δ13C -26.7‰ to −21.5‰), evidencing microbial degradation. Among the potential sources, C3 vegetation exhibited comparatively higher TOC (39.34% to 51.38%) along with a wide δ13C range (−31.8‰ to −15.3‰). Given substantial isotopic overlap among potential sources, MixSIAR results indicate terrestrial dominance of ~46% (95% CI: 37–55%) from C3 plants, ~33% (95% CI: 26–40%) from C4 vegetation, and lower, ~21% (95% CI: 15–27%) algal input. Overall, isotopic and elemental signatures highlight the dominance of allochthonous OM with discernible algal input, shaping sediment nutrient dynamics.

752. 题目: Unraveling health disparities across cause-specific outcomes associated with emerging air pollutants: Evidence on black carbon and ultrafine particles in Buffalo, New York.
文章编号: N26070402
期刊: Environmental Research
作者: Xuewen Pei, Muwu Xu, Harshita Sharma, Marina Oktapodas Feiler, Riana R Pryor, Lina Mu, Meng Wang
更新时间: 2026-07-04
摘要: Black carbon (BC) and ultrafine particles (UFPs) are combustion-related air pollutants that remain largely unregulated despite growing evidence of adverse health effects. Few studies have evaluated their short-term health effects on wide spectrum of disease morbidity in U.S. cities or examined disparities across communities. Using a time-stratified case-crossover design, we examined associations of BC and UFPs exposures with cause-specific hospital admissions (HAs) and emergency department (ED) visits in Buffalo, New York. Higher BC and UFP exposures were associated with increased HAs across multiple disease categories, with the largest associations observed at lag 0. For BC exposure (per IQR increase of 0.7 μg/m3), relatively larger associations were observed for eye (OR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.17), endocrine (OR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.07), and circulatory diseases (OR: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.06). UFPs exposure (per IQR increase of 11,600.5 counts/cm3) was associated with endocrine (OR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.04) and respiratory diseases (OR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.03). Associations with ED visits were generally weaker, although UFP exposure was associated with blood (OR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.05) and genitourinary (OR: 1.02; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.03) in ED visits. Stratified analyses suggested higher estimated ORs among predominantly African American communities, including for respiratory HAs associated with BC exposure (OR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.11 vs. OR: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.98, 1.03 in other communities). These findings highlight the need to incorporate BC and UFP metrics into health-based air quality standards and to prioritize pollution mitigation in environmental justice areas.

753. 题目: Soil organic carbon loss driven by water erosion in northeast China's black soil region (1991–2019)
文章编号: N26070401
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Donghao Huang, Weimin Sun, Yunping Zhang
更新时间: 2026-07-04
摘要: Soil erosion is a primary driver for the mobilization and loss of soil organic carbon, as well as a key dynamic process within the terrestrial carbon cycle. Nevertheless, the impact of soil erosion on soil organic carbon (SOC) in the black soil region remains to be fully elucidated. The RUSLE model was applied to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics of soil and associated SOC erosion in the Northeast Black Soil Region of China over the past 30 years (1991 to 2019). The findings of the study demonstrated that the rates of soil erosion and SOC erosion ranged from 0.46 to 1.05 t ha−1 yr−1 (mean = 0.68 ± 0.17 t ha−1 yr−1) and from 0.002 to 0.021 t C ha−1 yr−1 (mean = 0.007 ± 0.004 t C ha−1 yr−1), respectively, with periodic fluctuations in response to precipitation and land use/land cover (LULC) variations. The total annual soil and associated SOC erosion were ∼7.4 × 107 t yr−1 and ∼1.29 × 106 t C yr−1, respectively. The annual SOC yield showed a significant (r = −0.42, p < 0.01) decreasing trend during the past three decades. Spatially, the subregion of being prone to SOC erosion was identified. The Changbai-Wanda mountains hilly region contributed over 52% of the total soil erosion and 88% of the total SOC erosion. The primary land use types associated with SOC loss exhibit regional heterogeneity. The cropland, forest, grassland, and barren contributed 14%–93%, 0–12%, 1%–72%, and 5%–65% of the SOC loss in the different subregions, respectively. Overall, cropland and barren were the primary sources of SOC loss, accounting for 40.1% and 57.7% of the total loss, respectively. The present findings provide useful insights with respect to sustainable land resource management in the Northeast Black Soil Region of China and enhance our understanding of the impact of soil erosion on the carbon cycle.

754. 题目: Revealing the Efficacy of Fruit Peel Derived Biochar in Reducing Arsenic Accumulation in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.)
文章编号: N26070317
期刊: Land Degradation & Development
作者: Saurabh Kumar Pathak, Shraddha Singh, Sudhakar Srivastava
更新时间: 2026-07-03
摘要: Arsenic (As) contamination of agricultural soil poses a serious threat to food security and human health, especially in rice‐growing regions. This study investigated the efficacy of three different fruit peel‐derived biochar (sweet lemon peel biochar [SLPB], pomegranate peel biochar [PPB], and banana peel biochar [BPB]) in mitigating As toxicity in rice ( Oryza sativa L.) cultivated in As‐contaminated soil. Fruit‐peel waste was pyrolyzed at 350°C for 2 h under limited oxygen conditions to produce biochar and applied at 1% (w/w) in soil to assess its impact on As uptake, plant physiological responses, and stress tolerance. The proximate analysis shows the stability of SLPB (high fixed carbon: 54% and low ash content: 17%) and adsorption potential. The application of both SLPB and PPB in soil exhibited a positive effect on plant growth and biochemical responses in comparison to As‐only conditions. However, BPB was found to be less effective in reducing As‐induced toxicity in rice plants. The results show that the maximum increase in chl a, chl b, and carotenoid was found to be 64%–132%, 24%–328%, and 64%–108% in rice plants grown in As + SLPB amended soil. Furthermore, biochar amendments induced the antioxidant enzyme activity (SOD, APX, GPX, and CAT) in rice plants at all the harvesting stages. SLPB and PPB amendments showed a reduction in As content in shoot and root by 30%–37% and 14%–27%, respectively. In summary, these findings highlight the role of waste‐derived biochar not only as a low‐cost sustainable method for ameliorating As stress in rice but also in advancing sustainable agriculture and biowaste valorization strategies.

755. 题目: Organic carbon source-enhanced Cr(VI) bioremediation by Chlorella vulgaris: Mechanisms and pathway quantification
文章编号: N26070316
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Li Luo, Tong Wang, Mawuli Dzakpasu, Kena Zhang, Peipei Song, Dan Deng, Wenshan Guo, Xiaochang C Wang
更新时间: 2026-07-03
摘要: Glucose is widely used as an organic carbon source to promote microalgal growth and enhance heavy metal removal; however, the mechanisms by which it influences hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] remediation remain incompletely understood. This study systematically investigated the effects of glucose concentration on Cr(VI) removal by Chlorella vulgaris, with particular emphasis on algal growth, oxidative stress responses, extracellular organic matter production, and chromium partitioning. Glucose supplementation alleviated the inhibitory effects of Cr(VI) on algal growth and promoted the secretion of humic-like algal organic matter (AOM) and protein-rich extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in a concentration-dependent manner. Cr(VI) removal efficiency increased progressively with glucose concentration, reaching 48.86 ± 0.03% at a total organic carbon (TOC) concentration of 100 mg/L. Chromium accumulated in both extracellular and intracellular fractions and was recovered predominantly as reduced chromium species, consistent with the occurrence of Cr(VI) reduction during the remediation process. Fluorescence characterization, chromium fractionation, and functional group analyses suggest that glucose-induced changes in AOM and EPS production may contribute to enhanced chromium binding and transformation. Quantitative pathway analysis further indicated that AOM-associated removal represented the largest estimated contribution, accounting for up to 89.46 ± 0.06% of Cr(VI) removal at 50 mg/L TOC. Overall, the results demonstrate that glucose substantially enhances microalgal Cr(VI) remediation through increased biomass production and extracellular organic matter release, providing mechanistic insights into the role of organic carbon in carbon-assisted, microalgae-based treatment systems for chromium-contaminated wastewater.

756. 题目: CAZyme-resolved substrate routing explains limited soil organic carbon gains under no-tillage in paddy soils
文章编号: N26070315
期刊: Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
作者: Qi Liu, Xiang-Bin Yao, Yong-Yu Liang, Chun-Yan Li, Xing Wang, Jian-Ying Qi
更新时间: 2026-07-03
摘要: No-tillage (NT) is often promoted to enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration, yet SOC gains can decelerate and approach an apparent plateau. Here, we investigated whether CAZyme-resolved microbial functions are associated with the limited conversion of high surface straw inputs into additional SOC gains under NT. We compared a 7-year rice paddy experiment under conventional tillage (CT), reduced tillage (RT), and NT (surface residue retention), using shotgun metagenomics to profile carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZyme) genes and extracellular enzyme assays targeting plant- vs. microbial-residue degradation. NT generally suppressed lignocellulose-depolymerizing potentials relative to CT and RT. In October 2023, FDR-supported declines under NT were detected for GH3 (-38%), GH10 (-55%), GH30 (-71%), GH51 (-56%), and the lignin-associated family AA6 (-21%) (q < 0.05), while GH115 showed a large numerical decrease (-62%). In contrast, NT increased several microbial-residue-targeting potentials, including FDR-supported increases in fungal glucan-degrading families GH17 (+53%) and GH81 (∼11-fold higher in July 2023) and the bacterial peptidoglycan-degrading family GH104 (+249%). Enzyme assays further supported this functional shift: NT reduced (P < 0.05) β-glucosidase activity by ∼45% compared with CT, while leucine aminopeptidase remained unchanged (148.2 vs. 149.1 nmol g-1 h-1) and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase was slightly higher under NT. Together, these results are consistent with a reallocation of microbial functional potential from plant-residue depolymerization toward microbial-residue turnover, a pattern consistent with microbial functional constraints that may contribute to an apparent SOC plateau under continuous surface residue retention. From a management perspective, once an NT plateau is approached, increasing surface straw inputs alone may deliver diminishing SOC returns; integrated residue strategies that enhance residue-mineral contact and stabilization may improve the likelihood of further SOC stabilization in paddy soils.

757. 题目: Structural and property synergistic correlations and sequential temperature-response mechanism of black carbon and dissolved black carbon
文章编号: N26070314
期刊: Bioresource Technology
作者: Tingting Li, Qiqi Chi, Fanhao Song, Yuhan Cao, Mingqi Ruan, Fengchang Wu
更新时间: 2026-07-03
摘要: Dissolved black carbon (DBC) exhibits significantly different environmental behavior from bulk black carbon (BC) and plays an important role in connecting two major pools of soils and organic sediments. As the soluble carbonaceous component, the properties of DBC are dependent on the BC formation temperature. However, the synergistic correlations and sequential temperature responses mechanisms of BC/DBC during biomass pyrolysis remain unclear. Herein, we systematically clarified the dynamic temperature response mechanism of BC/DBC to explain the evolution, heterogeneity and sequential temperature response of functional groups and fluorophores in DBC using spectroscopy techniques combined with generalized/hetero two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) and parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC). As pyrolysis temperature increased, different functional groups exhibited different characteristics and dynamic behaviors, showing a sequential response of CO → OH functional groups for BC and COC → CC/benzene skeleton for DBC. The oxygen-containing functional groups evolved earlier than other functional groups and the CO/CO functional groups responded earlier than OH functional groups. Moreover, different fluorophores in DBC showed different evolution properties with varying pyrolysis temperature, and humic acid-like fluorophores exhibited higher temperature sensitivity than fulvic acid-like fluorophores. It is worth noting that the temperature response sequence of functional groups was slightly different for different biomass materials, which might be attributed to differences in their chemical compositions. These findings will provide an important basis for understanding the environmental behaviors of BC/DBC in water ecosystems.

758. 题目: Reshaping of extracellular polymeric substance scaffolds, microbiota and metabolism mitigates bio-clogging in microbial fuel cell-coupled constructed wetlands
文章编号: N26070313
期刊: Bioresource Technology
作者: Qinghua Wang, Jiao Yin, Xuewei Fu, Lei Cheng, Xinyue Wu, Xiaofang Li, Haowei Guo, Jun Xiao, Lei Huang
更新时间: 2026-07-03
摘要: Microbial fuel cell (MFC) coupling has shown considerable potential for alleviating bio-clogging in constructed wetlands (CW). However, the multi-scale mechanisms underlying circuit-dependent clogging control remain poorly understood. In this study, a conventional gravel-filled wetland (CK), an open-circuit microbial fuel cell-coupled wetland (MCO), and a closed-circuit microbial fuel cell-coupled wetland (MCC) were comparatively investigated. After four months of operation, the CK system exhibited hydraulic deterioration, with its hydraulic efficiency and effective volume ratio decreasing by 4.3 % and 8.8 %, respectively. In contrast, the MCC system demonstrated the most favorable hydraulic evolution, displaying an over four-fold increase in hydraulic efficiency alongside a slight 3.6 % increase in effective volume ratio. Analysis of the key component of bio-clogging materials, namely extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), revealed that total EPS accumulation followed the order CK > MCO > MCC. In the MCC system, polysaccharides and DNA in the soluble and tightly bound EPS fractions were selectively reduced, and the β‑polysaccharide‑associated structural EPS on electrode biofilms was also weakened, which together increased the hydrophilicity of the bio‑clogging substances. Multi-omics analysis revealed that MFC coupling reshaped both microbiota and metabolism along the clogging pathway. Closed-circuit operation reduced clogging-relevant functional carriers, limiting the flow of sugar and nucleotide-related resources into the PS- and DNA-rich scaffold. This ultimately weaken the structural matrix, reducing the tendency for dense, clogged deposits to form. This study provides important implications for designing more stable MFC coupled CW for long-term wastewater treatment.

759. 题目: Competitive adsorption of PFAS on granulated activated carbon and ion exchange resins: Effects of co-existing PFASs, DOM, and phosphate
文章编号: N26070312
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Sajjad Hazrati, Jurate Kumpiene, Ivan Carabante
更新时间: 2026-07-03
摘要: Effective removal of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) form contaminated waters remains a significant treatment challenge in remediation facilities due to their structural heterogenicity, high aqueous mobility, and frequent occurrence as complex multi-component mixtures. Although granular activated carbon (GAC) and ion exchange resins (IER) are widely used for PFAS treatment, their performance is strongly influenced by water-matrix composition and competitive adsorption among PFAS, which can accelerate breakthrough and reduce adsorption capacity. Consequently, treatment performance assessments and capacity estimates may remain uncertain under multi-component conditions. Accordingly, this study evaluates how structurally diverse PFAS compete during adsorption and displacement in single- and multi-solute systems. This unified comparison clarifies how GAC and IER chemistry influence PFAS competitive behavior. Coexisting organic and inorganic constituents, dissolved organic matter (DOM) and phosphate, were incorporated to simulate realistic water matrices and to quantify their influence on PFAS competition and displacement. Results revealed that PFAS chain length and functional group chemistry governed the competitive hierarchy, with sulfonates generally exhibiting greater surface stability and removal efficiency than carboxylates. In addition, the results demonstrated distinct surface-dependent competitive behavior across the studied sorbents. GAC exhibited pronounced inhibition and displacement of PFAS in the presence of dissolved organic matter, whereas IER maintained relatively higher selectivity toward PFAS but was more susceptible to phosphate-induced displacement, highlighting the distinct matrix sensitivities of the two sorbents. These findings provide critical insight into PFAS treatment in multi-component systems and emphasize the importance of water-matrix specific design considerations to improve treatment efficiency, particularly for short-chain PFAS.

760. 题目: Treatment Trains vs. Single-stage Systems: Nutrient removal and economic tradeoffs of biochar-enhanced woodchip bioreactor systems
文章编号: N26070311
期刊: Journal of Cleaner Production
作者: Hongxu Zhou, Shuai Tang, Haribansha Timalsina, Audrey Frost, Wei Zheng, Sophie Circenis, John W Scott, Peng Chen, Buchun Si, Rabin Bhattarai
更新时间: 2026-07-03
摘要: Biochar has been widely used as a soil amendment and also as a cost-effective adsorbent for pollutant treatment. Herein, we reexamined the system design and interactions between biochar and woodchip bioreactors (WBRs) to achieve synergies and minimize trade-offs, providing the first integrated assessment of treatment configuration, mechanistic interactions, and techno-economic performance in biochar-enhanced WBR systems. Three types of biochar-enhanced WBRs were evaluated: a single-stage system (biochar-woodchip mixture, W+B) and two treatment trains (WBRs followed by biochar systems, W-B, and biochar systems equipped with secondary WBRs, B-W). The results indicated that all types of biochar-enhanced WBRs exhibited simultaneous removal of nitrate and dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP). Single-stage W + B systems achieved the highest reductions in DRP and nitrate but resulted in the highest amount of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) leaching. Meanwhile, the treatment train design with a downstream biochar system effectively mitigated byproduct leaching from upstream WBRs while maintaining stable nitrate removal. DRP removal showed similar trends across the three types of biochar-enhanced WBRs, with a gradual decrease in removal efficiency over time. Microbial analysis revealed that the interaction between biochar and woodchip amendments selectively supported the growth of microbes that facilitate denitrification and organic matter decomposition, while reducing microbial diversity in W+B systems, which likely reflects system functional specialization towards denitrification. Furthermore, techno-economic analysis identified W-B systems as most cost-effective, achieving $187.9 ± 160.0/kg DRP and $5.7 ± 1.7/kg N per year. The relatively higher uncertainty associated with DRP removal costs was primarily attributed to variability in influent DRP loading and removal efficiency. In contrast, the W+B system, despite higher removal performance, exhibited higher unit costs due to decreased treatment capacity. Overall, our findings highlight the importance of infrastructure design and media interaction for advancing biochar application into WBRs to enhance their feasibility, effectiveness, and sustainability in water quality management.