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861. 题目: Anthropogenic Black Carbon Signatures in Antarctic Fjords: Implications for Carbon Cycling
文章编号: N26062305
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Jun-Oh Min, Boyeon Lee, Chorom Shim, Young Wook Ko, Seung-Hee Kim, Sujin Kang, Jisoo Park, Sun-Yong Ha
更新时间: 2026-06-23
摘要: Black carbon (BC) dynamics in polar fjords remain poorly understood despite their importance in organic carbon (OC) cycling. We investigated BC dynamics in the water column and sediments of Antarctic fjords. Dissolved BC concentrations in Marian Cove and Maxwell Bay ranged from 0.10–2.71 and 0.70–2.70 μM, respectively, with molecular characteristics indicating highly condensed, locally anthropogenic BC rather than photochemically aged biomass-burning sources. Bayesian mixing model analyses showed that fossil-fuel-derived BC increased 2.7-fold, from 6% in 2019 to 16% in 2023, reflecting intensified tourism and research activities following COVID-19-related restrictions. Sedimentary BC (73–85% C3-derived) suggests local combustion sources, although minor contributions from natural biomass burning cannot be excluded. In contrast, Arctic Kongsfjorden sediments showed 53% C4 contribution, indicating long-range wildfire BC transport. Marian Cove sediment traps yielded a BC flux of 0.04 g m–2 d–1 (22% of OC flux). Higher apparent burial efficiency of BC (89–114%) relative to OC (75–95%), together with elevated Δ(SBC:OC) values (1.20) and millennial-scale radiocarbon ages (4700–5120 yr), indicate preferential BC preservation. These findings show that Antarctic fjords effectively sequester anthropogenic BC and highlight the importance of incorporating BC dynamics into polar coastal carbon budgets.

862. 题目: Soil organic carbon accumulation in response to vegetation restoration across global mining areas: A meta-analysis.
文章编号: N26062304
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Nana Zhou, Zhen Han, Yaying Feng, Ruibo Zeng, Longshan Zhao
更新时间: 2026-06-23
摘要: Mining activities cause severe land degradation and significant loss of soil organic carbon (SOC). Vegetation restoration has been widely adopted to rehabilitate mining ecosystems; however, its effectiveness in enhancing SOC sequestration at a global scale and the underlying driving mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to quantify the overall impact of vegetation restoration on SOC in mining areas and identify key environmental drivers. Based on 740 paired observations from 92 published studies, we conducted a meta-analysis using the natural log response ratio (lnRR) as the effect size and assessed the influences of climate, soil properties, mining type, restoration approach, and restoration duration using mixed-effects models. Restoration exhibited better SOC improvement in regions with mean annual temperature ≤10°C and mean annual precipitation <500 mm, because low temperature and drought suppressed microbial decomposition, and low initial SOC magnified carbon input effects; warm and humid conditions accelerated carbon decomposition and shifted dominant drivers toward soil pH, water content and microbial characteristics. Soil pH reshaped SOC regulatory pathways: acidic, neutral and alkaline mining areas required targeted strategies of pH amelioration, moisture-microbial regulation, and soil physical structure improvement, respectively. SOC restoration performance differed distinctly across mine types, ranking as metal mines > coal mines > non-metallic mines, with metal mines dominated by low carbon background and metal-tolerant microorganisms, and coal mines mainly controlled by hydrothermal and soil nutrient conditions,and SOC in non-metallic mines relies more on soil nutrient content. Natural restoration outperformed artificial restoration in SOC sequestration. The early stage (<5 years) was critical for water and nutrient regulation, while long-term single-species restoration caused SOC accumulation rate reaching a plateau. Introducing mixed plant species in the later period could sustain microbial activity and achieve continuous SOC sequestration in mining ecosystems.

863. 题目: Ultra-fast degradation of sulfonamides by Fe/Cu-LDH functionalized biochar activated peroxymonosulfate: Interfacial catalysis driven multiple reactive oxygen species
文章编号: N26062303
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Yongfei Ma, Keyi Li, Feifei Zhang, Zhaojun Nie, Shiyu Qin, Haiyang Liu, Yupeng Zhang, Jiayang Xu, Zulin Zhang, Peng Zhao, Hongen Liu
更新时间: 2026-06-23
摘要: In this study, a novel Fe/Cu-layered double hydroxide (Fe/Cu-LDH) functionalized tobacco straw biochar (TBC) (Fe/Cu-LDH@TBC) was optimally synthesized by regulating Fe/Cu molar ratio to efficiently activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for sulfonamides (SAs) degradation. 99.0% of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) was degraded within 10 min by Fe/Cu-LDH@TBC/PMS system, along with reaction rate as high as 0.427 min−1. Characterization together with non-covalent bond calculations demonstrated that the abundant −OH, CO and structural defects on Fe/Cu-LDH@TBC boosted its binding affinity to PMS and tended to catalyze PMS at its interface. These special electron-rich structures and generated Fe(II)/Cu(I) were capable of cleaving O − O bond of PMS to produce surface-bound radicals, 1O2 and electron transfer. The inferfacial oxidation mechanisms guaranteed the high tolerance to pH range and co-existing inorganic/organic chemicals. Additionally, the abundant electron-rich structures on Fe/Cu-LDH@TBC were able to facilitate the redox cycles of Fe(II)/Fe(III) and Cu(I)/Cu(II), also this was further accelerated by bimetallic valence transition. Four degradation pathways mainly including S − N cleavage, open ring, hydroxylation and nitration reactions were propounded through the identified intermediates and vulnerable sites of SMX obtained by DFT calculations. Eco-toxicity assessment demonstrated that all intermediates were less toxic than that of parent chemical irrespective of acute/chronic toxicity, although some of them still showed non-negligible chronic toxicity. Real-waters, cycling, iron/copper ions dissolution and broad-spectrum verification tests confirmed the promising potential of Fe/Cu-LDH@TBC/PMS system for prolonged application and practical implementation. This work makes contribution to resource utilization of biomass wastes and antibiotics decomposition in water.

864. 题目: Catchment lithology controls net carbon balance along the Antarctic Peninsula.
文章编号: N26062302
期刊: Nature Communications
作者: Songfan He, Xiaowen Zhang, Huanting Hu, Maojun Yan, Huiyuan Yang, Qiyue Gu, Thomas S Bianchi, Xiaomei Xu, Xingqian Cui
更新时间: 2026-06-23
摘要: Climate-driven ecosystem change in Antarctica is reshaping carbon dynamics and influencing global climate. Under sustained warming, mobilization and reburial of organic carbon (OC) in coastal Antarctica may represent an important carbon sink, yet regional OC burial and oxidation remain poorly quantified. Here, we apply ramped pyrolysis/oxidation analysis and isotopic end-member mixing models to investigate sedimentary OC along two Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) fjords underlain by contrasting bedrock types. We show that the fjord underlain by sedimentary rocks exhibits ten-fold higher burial flux of petrogenic OC (OCpetro) than that dominated by volcanic rocks. We estimate burial fluxes of 6.1-8.8 Gg C yr-1 for biospheric OC (OCbio) and 0.3-3.1 Gg C yr-1 for OCpetro in WAP fjords, respectively, with regional OCbio burial likely exceeding OCpetro oxidation. Model simulations indicate that future ecosystem change may increase regional OC burial flux by 2-4 times, which is critical for predicting the long-term carbon-climate feedback.

865. 题目: Enhanced marine burial of terrestrial organic carbon through the Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum
文章编号: N26062301
期刊: Nature Geoscience
作者: Gordon N Inglis, Jordon D Hemingway, Richard G Stockey, Emily H Hollingsworth, Paul J Valdes, Alex Farnsworth, Felix J Elling, Marcus P S Badger, Xiaoxiao Zhao, Richard D Pancost, Ann Pearson, Thomas M Gernon, Robert G Hilton
更新时间: 2026-06-23
摘要: The Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) occurred ~56 million years ago and was characterized by large-scale carbon release and transient warming. Erosion and subsequent burial of terrestrial organic carbon in marine sediments could have sequestered organic carbon during the PETM—stabilizing global carbon and climate systems—yet direct evidence for this process is lacking. Here we present source-specific biomarker records from five globally distributed shallow marine sites and show that vascular plant and soil organic carbon contributed ~40–95% of total organic carbon in coastal sediments during the PETM. This is higher than modern marine sediments (~12–20% of total organic carbon) and indicates greater terrestrial organic carbon delivery to marine environments during warmer climates. We find that terrestrial organic carbon burial fluxes can increase ~10-to-50-fold during the PETM due to enhanced physical erosion and higher coastal sedimentation rates, implying that marine burial of terrestrial organic carbon sequestered excess carbon released during the PETM. Palaeoclimate model simulations do not account for enhanced delivery of terrestrial organic carbon into the marine realm and are thus missing an important carbon sink. Terrestrial organic carbon burial could act as a negative feedback during other hyperthermals and may aid the long-term (>10,000-year) recovery of the Earth system.

866. 题目: Harnessing Waste-Derived Biochar Decorated with ZnO-ZrO₂ Nanoparticles for Economical and High-Efficiency Fluoride Remediation
文章编号: N26062114
期刊: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution
作者: Ananthi Sankararaman, Kirubaveni Savarimuthu, Binowesley R, Gayathri Vairavan, Nagaraaj P., Soundaranayaki K.
更新时间: 2026-06-21
摘要: Groundwater fluoride pollution is a significant public health concern particularly in regions where cost-effective and efficient treatment solutions are not feasible. However, many improved biochar-based adsorbents have been studied, but reaching high removal effectiveness at realistic fluoride concentrations with minimal material consumption still remains a critical problem. In this study, a novel zinc–zirconium oxide-modified biochar composite (BZ²) was prepared from coconut shell biochar to improve the fluoride adsorption performance by the synergistic dual metal oxide modification. XRD, SEM and EDAX studies verified the effective incorporation and homogenous distribution of crystalline ZnO and ZrO₂ nanoparticles in the porous charcoal matrix. Batch adsorption tests were performed to investigate the effects of adsorbent dosage, contact time, pH and temperature at an initial fluoride content of 5 mg L⁻¹, which represents the real ground water conditions. The composite BZ² showed superior removal effectiveness (98%) compared to biochar (88%), ZnO (92%), and ZrO₂ (95%) at an optimum pH of 6 with equilibrium attained within 40 min. Kinetic studies showed that the adsorption process followed a pseudo-first-order model (R² = 0.9705–0.9989) and implied diffusion-controlled physisorption, and isotherm studies showed that the Freundlich model (R² = 0.9700–0.9981) was the best fit to describe the adsorption behavior, implying the presence of heterogeneous and multilayer adsorption. The improved performance of BZ² is due to the synergistic effect of ZnO and ZrO₂ nanoparticles with biochar matrix that creates more active binding sites and enhances the adsorption kinetics. In summary, under relevant conditions, the synthesized Zn–ZrO₂–biochar composite exhibits outstanding efficiency, simple synthesis, and significant promise as a sustainable and affordable adsorbent for fluoride removal from groundwater.

867. 题目: Defluoridation of Fluoride-Contaminated Wastewater Using ZnCl₂-Modified biochar: Kinetics and Isotherm Analysis
文章编号: N26062113
期刊: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution
作者: Hirpha Adugna Areti, Mani Jayakumar, Lata Deso Abo, B S Naveen Prasad, Suresh Krishnan, Nufbek Worku Salodi, Kenenesa Alemu Jima, Amansisa Aduna Waktola
更新时间: 2026-06-21
摘要: Excess fluoride in industrial wastewater poses serious environmental and health risks due to its toxicity and persistence in aquatic environments. This study developed a low-cost ZnCl₂-modified biochar from waste banana peels and corn cobs for fluoride removal. The prepared adsorbent was characterized using TGA, XRD, FTIR, and SEM analyses. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to evaluate the influence of pH (2–12), contact time (20–120 min), adsorbent dosage (0.1–2.0 g), and initial fluoride concentration (5–60 mg/L). The results confirmed that the treated biochar exhibited enhanced surface roughness, improved porosity, and abundant active functional groups that facilitate fluoride adsorption. Under optimal conditions (pH 4, 80 min contact time, 2 g dosage, and 30 mg/L fluoride concentration), the removal efficiency of 95.5 ± 1.10% was achieved. The equilibrium data were best described by the Langmuir isotherm model (R² = 0.993–0.996), with a maximum adsorption capacity (qₘₐₓ) of 41.23 mg/g at 328 K, indicating monolayer adsorption on relatively homogeneous active sites. The adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order model (R² = 0.998), indicating that chemisorption predominates. Thermodynamic analysis revealed a positive enthalpy change (ΔH° = + 46.4 kJ/mol), confirming the endothermic nature of the process, while the positive entropy change (ΔS° = + 0.155 kJ/mol·K) suggested increased randomness at the solid–solution interface. The ΔG° < 0 at all temperatures demonstrated spontaneous adsorption. These results suggest that fluoride removal occurs mainly through chemisorption and surface interactions. Moreover, the adsorbent maintained a 65.74% removal efficiency after five regeneration cycles, demonstrating good stability and reusability. Therefore, ZnCl₂-modified hybrid biochar derived from agricultural waste represents a sustainable and cost-effective adsorbent for the treatment of fluoride-contaminated wastewater.

868. 题目: On-road measurement of motorcycle black carbon emissions using a miniaturized optoacoustic sensor integrated into a Smart Emission Measurement System
文章编号: N26062112
期刊: Atmospheric Environment
作者: Ioannis Raptis, Georgios Triantafyllopoulos, Athanasios Tziovas, Nikolaos Kousias, Leonidas Ntziachristos
更新时间: 2026-06-21
摘要: Reducing Black Carbon (BC) emissions can deliver immediate climate change mitigation benefits and improve air quality. While the transportation sector has made significant progress in lowering soot emissions, motorcycles remain less regulated despite their disproportionately high contribution relative to their size, partly due to the lack of suitable measurement instrumentation. This study presents the application of a novel optoacoustic (optA) BC sensor on motorcycles, capable of capturing transient exhaust emissions with high temporal resolution. The optA sensor is integrated into a Smart Emission Measurement System (SEMS) that also measures CO2, CO, and NO. The system was validated against commercial instruments on a chassis dynamometer and showed strong correlation for all pollutants (R2 ≥ 0.75) during a Real Driving Cycle (RDC). Its compact design enables installation on L-category vehicles for on-road testing. We present the first Real Driving Emission (RDE) results for BC from motorcycles under real-world driving conditions. Emission patterns from transient operating conditions are analyzed, emphasizing the importance of fast response and wide dynamic range in BC measurement. Finally, we derive indicative on-road emission factors for the tested Euro 5 motorcycles. This case study establishes a measurement framework toward improved emission inventories and emphasizes the need for broader fleet characterization.

869. 题目: Interannual variability of secondary organic carbon driven by seasonal shifts in formation regimes in southern Taiwan
文章编号: N26062111
期刊: Atmospheric Environment
作者: Jun-Fa Ye, Chih-Yu Chan, Jian-Xian Wu, Shi-Ya Tang, Tse-Lun Chen, Li-Hao Young, Yu-Chieh Ting, Yen-Ping Peng, Wei-Hsiang Chen, Ming-Yeng Lin, Si-Chee Tsay, Neng-Huei Lin, Ta-Chih Hsiao
更新时间: 2026-06-21
摘要: Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation in urban environments is often interpreted in terms of precursor abundance and atmospheric oxidation capacity; however, these factors alone do not always explain observed variability. This study investigates SOC controls during 2024-2025 at Nanzi, southern Taiwan, as part of the Kao-Ping Experiment (KPEx) within the ASIA-AQ campaign framework. During early spring, organic carbon (OC) concentrations exhibited a pronounced interannual contrast, with March-April 2024 levels nearly twice those of 2025. EC-tracer analysis attributed this enhancement primarily to secondary organic carbon (SOC). Observational analyses indicated that spring 2024 experienced weaker ventilation, elevated aromatic precursors, and higher BTEX-derived SOA formation potential; however, oxidation capacity alone could not explain the SOC enhancement. To disentangle interacting controls, an interpretable machine learning framework combining XGBoost and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) was applied to 9877 hourly observations (R2 = 0.69; RMSE = 1.03 μg/m3). SHAP analysis revealed that while seasonal structure constrained SOC variability in both years, distinct formation regimes emerged during early spring. In March-April 2024, enhanced SOC was preferentially associated with lower aerosol pH under elevated aerosol liquid water content (ALWC) and moderate-to-high oxidation conditions, indicating multiphase or acid-catalyzed processing. In contrast, March-April 2025 showed stronger dependence on Ox and boundary-layer dynamics, consistent with an oxidation-driven regime. These findings demonstrate that interannual SOC differences can arise from seasonally specific shifts in oxidation-thermodynamic coupling, and suggest that the ASIA-AQ campaign period coincided with a distinct acidity-sensitive SOC regime, underscoring the importance of multi-year context when interpreting campaign observations.

870. 题目: KMnO4-modified coal-based humic acid residue for Cd2+ removal: preparation, adsorption performance and mechanism
文章编号: N26062110
期刊: Environmental Geochemistry and Health
作者: Yingnan Wang, Hui Liu, Weike Wang, Huang Wang, Jingru Wang, Fei Zhang, Bingtao Yin
更新时间: 2026-06-21
摘要: Currently, cadmium pollution poses a serious threat to human health and the ecological environment. In recent years, coal-based humic acid residue (HAS) has attracted widespread attention due to its adsorption properties. In this study, HAS was used as raw material to prepare KMnO₄ modified coal-based humic acid residue (K-HAS). Through adsorption experiments and characterization analyses (SEM, XPS, XRD, and FTIR), the adsorption process and mechanism of K-HAS toward Cd²⁺ in water were investigated. Through field trials, the effects of different K-HAS treatments on the physicochemical properties and cadmium content of cadmium-contaminated soil were investigated. The results indicate that the adsorption of Cd²⁺ by K-HAS follows quasi-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir adsorption model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 121.61 ± 1.0665 mg·g⁻¹. The adsorption process is an exothermic, spontaneous reaction dominated by chemical adsorption; After five adsorption–desorption cycles, the removal efficiency of K-HAS for Cd²⁺ remained above 65%, demonstrating stable cyclic adsorption performance; the site energy distribution (SED) indicates that Cd²⁺ preferentially occupies high-energy adsorption sites on K-HAS before occupying low-energy sites, and increased temperature promotes the reaction; Field trials indicated that, compared with the control group, K-HAS treatment significantly reduced cadmium content in corn seeds (p < 0.05) by 10.67–20.60% and significantly reduced cadmium content in soil (p < 0.05) by 15.1–23.47%; the optimal application rate of K-HAS was 0.4 kg/m². In summary, K-HAS can serve as an effective adsorbent for treating cadmium pollution in water and soil.

871. 题目: Constructing antibiotic residue-Fe-based magnetic biochar coupling peracetic acid activation system for efficient pleuromutilin detoxification in wastewater
文章编号: N26062109
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Li Li, Wenjing Zhang, Mengru Wang, Runqiang Liu, Chao Lu, Xiaofei Tan, Guojiang Yang, Zhijian Gao, Jiating Zhao
更新时间: 2026-06-21
摘要: Improper disposal of antibiotic wastewater and antibiotic fermentation residues (AFRs) poses serious threats to ecosystems and human health, necessitating the development of effective treatment technologies. In this study, K3Fe(C2O4)3 was employed as a novel feedstock to prepare Fe-based biochar (0.1Fe-BC800) through coupling with AFRs, which was then applied to activate peracetic acid (PAA) for the efficient degradation of pleuromutilin (PLM) in wastewater (“waste-treat-waste”). The results displayed that the invented Fe-BC800/PAA coupling system exhibited superior performance, with a PLM degradation rate of 98.7% and an oxidation rate of kobs= 0.0906 min−1. This improvement was attributed to the enhanced interfacial electron transfer in the reaction system, which promoted the activation of PAA through a combined pathway of radical (•OH, O2•⁻, R-O•) and non-radical species (1O2). The 0.1Fe-BC800/PAA system with the highest PLM degradation rate was further proposed with the help of batch experiments and DFT calculations. A series of ecological toxicological assessments and wheat germination tests confirmed that the toxicity of PLM degradation intermediates was substantially reduced after treatment with the 0.1Fe-BC800/PAA system. Briefly, this study designs and constructs a promising antibiotics detoxification system for wastewater safe treatment, and provides novel insights for hazardous waste recycling of typical biochar materials, which can be applied to efficient PAA activation for water purification.

872. 题目: Ion adsorption to ferrihydrite: A CD-MUSIC model database constrained from X-ray absorption spectroscopic information
文章编号: N26062108
期刊: Chemical Geology
作者: Jon Petter Gustafsson, Charlotta Tiberg, Carin Sjöstedt
更新时间: 2026-06-21
摘要: Despite a large body of literature on the adsorption of ions to ferrihydrite, there has been only few attempts to compile a database of surface complexation constants, which can be useful in practical applications, for example when predicting ion sorption in soil. Here a database of surface complexation constants for the Ferrihydrite CD-MUSIC model has been compiled, which currently contains entries for 55 ions based on data primarily collected in the form of adsorption edges (> 600), where the adsorption was studied as a function of pH. X-ray spectroscopic evidence and information from molecular orbital density functional theory calculations aided in the development of the database. We include results for single-sorbate systems that have not previously been analyzed with the model, for example Al3+, Cr3+, Hg2+ and rare-earth elements, although the constants for the latter should be regarded as highly preliminary. Apart from optimizing surface complexation constants for single-sorbate systems, constants were derived also for ternary surface complexes, where such have been proven using X-ray absorption spectroscopy, e.g. for Pb2+-PO4, Cd2+-PO4, UO2-CO3 and UO2-PO4 systems with ferrihydrite. The model was generally successful in predicting adsorption patterns both for single- and multi-sorbate systems. The importance of electrostatic and competitive interactions from CO3, PO4, SO42− and natural organic matter on ion adsorption was underlined, and the need for additional data, particularly for rare earth elements and organic acids, is emphasized. The database was developed for Visual MINTEQ 4.0 but can be transferred to other software packages after carefully checking for consistency in the solution complexation constants and in the treatment of multidentate complexes.

873. 题目: Effect of Photochemical Aging on Biomass Burning Emissions: Contributions of Oxidized Organic Nitrogen from a Variety of Biomass Types
文章编号: N26062107
期刊: ACS Earth and Space Chemistry
作者: Osayomwanbor E Oghama, Aristeidis Voliotis, Thomas J Bannan, Sara A Syafira, Dawei Hu, Huihui Wu, Peter Gallimore, Emily Matthews, Gordon McFiggans, Hugh Coe, James D Allan
更新时间: 2026-06-21
摘要: Biomass burning is a major source of reactive organic nitrogen, yet the fuel-specific, combustion-dependent, and time-resolved chemistry of these emissions during photooxidation remains incompletely characterized. This study examines how stove emissions from four biomass fuels evolve under laboratory-controlled chamber oxidation, with a focus on the oxidized organic nitrogen (OON). Rather than sampling emissions over an entire burn, short-duration, burning-phase-resolved emissions were introduced into the Manchester aerosol chamber (MAC), allowing the chemical evolution of smoke from specific combustion phases to be examined in isolation. Wood (generated under flaming and smoldering conditions), peat, and leaves’ smoke were aged for 6 h, and the gas- and particle-phase composition was monitored using online and offline measurements. The results showed that gas-phase aging followed patterns consistent with fragmentation, leading to an increase in carbon oxidation state, a decrease in mean carbon number, and a reduction in aromaticity. In contrast, particle-phase aging showed an increasing contribution of larger, more aromatic and nitrogen-rich OON, consistent with the formation or retention of lower-volatility products through accretion-type processes, gas–particle partitioning, and/or heterogeneous oxidation. Clear burn-phase-, fuel-type-, and time-dependent evolution was observed, with organo-nitrate formation occurring predominantly within the first ∼2 h of photooxidation, followed by convergence in organic aerosol (OA) properties (f43, f44, f60) with continued aging. Levoglucosan (f60) decayed most rapidly in flaming wood emissions, reaching near-background levels by 6 h, which may contribute to the underestimation of aged BBOA in ambient-source apportionment studies. Overall, the results show that OON formation and evolution vary by fuel type, combustion phase, and oxidation time scale, with relevance for atmospheric modeling and exposure assessment.

874. 题目: Interplay between micro-nanoplastics and dissolved organic matter in aquatic ecosystems: From eco-corona dynamics to microalgal adaptive resilience
文章编号: N26062106
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Dongbo Wang, Wenming Wang, Lisha Chen, Zhenbing Hao, Xiaomei Jiang, Xuran Liu
更新时间: 2026-06-21
摘要: The ubiquitous use of plastics has led to the inevitable coexistence and interaction of micro/nanoplastics (MNPs) and dissolved organic matter (DOM) in aquatic ecosystems, which will exert unavoidable impacts on the physiological and ecological functions of microalgae, the keystone primary producers. This review systematically synthesizes the effects and mechanisms by which DOM mitigates microalgal toxicity under MNPs coexposure, addressing the critical gap in understanding the toxicological interactions of DOM and MNPs. First, we evaluate recent advances in the dynamics of interactions between MNPs and DOM and their influencing factors. Next, we integrate relevant quantitative analyses to assess how environmental conditions and microalgal secreted DOM modulate the toxicological impacts of MNPs. Crucially, we identify four key mechanisms underpinning toxicity mitigation mediated by DOM. These include ecological corona formation to shield toxic sites, reactive oxygen species scavenging to alleviate oxidative stress, heteroaggregation regulation to reduce bioavailability, and adaptive extracellular polymeric substance secretion to enhance stress resilience. Notably, both natural and microalgae-secreted DOM reshape eco-corona composition and stability by accelerating MNPs photoaging and surface oxidation, thereby altering toxicity thresholds. Finally, the review identifies critical knowledge gaps and outlines future research directions, emphasizing the development of integrated databases, predictive models, ecologically realistic simulations, and long-term dynamic monitoring frameworks. This work elucidates DOM’s dual role as an eco-corona dynamics modulator and environmental fate regulator and provides novel perspectives to holistically decipher behavioral trajectories of MNPs while enriching strategies for aquatic biodiversity conservation and ecosystem resilience.

875. 题目: An AI-driven closed-loop framework: A novel enzymatic biochar enabling near-complete degradation of biodegradable plastics
文章编号: N26062105
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Shizhuo Wang, Tao Zhang, Jianwei Fan, Yalei Zhang, Zheng Shen
更新时间: 2026-06-21
摘要: The anaerobic co-digestion (AcoD) of food waste (FW) and biodegradable plastics (BPs) is a promising waste-to-energy strategy, yet it remains severely bottlenecked by asynchronous hydrolysis. Overcoming this limitation via traditional trial-and-error optimization is prohibitively slow and expensive. To address this, an integrated machine learning (ML) framework was developed, coupling predictive modeling with rigorous experimental and mechanistic validation. Virtual screening initially identified mesophilic enzyme-loaded biochar (BC) as the optimal intervention. Consequently, a novel proteinase K-loaded BC (PKBC) was synthesized, which successfully achieved up to 90% degradation of 2-mm BPs films in a 120-day trial. A high-precision random forest model further mapped the system dynamics, confirming that degradation is positively driven by reaction time and methane yield, but tightly constrained by larger particle sizes. Providing a fundamental basis for these predictions, multi-omics analyses revealed that PKBC triggers a targeted metabolic cascade. This cascade reprograms the microbial community to accelerate lactate-driven BPs cleavage and maximize hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis. Ultimately, this work delivers a highly efficient solution for mixed waste treatment and establishes a transferable AI-first paradigm for the intelligent design of complex bioprocesses.

876. 题目: Biochar-promoted dual-functional material for efficient CO2 capture and in-situ methanation
文章编号: N26062104
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Hongxian Li, Minghui Tang, Qi Liu, Zhe Wang, Haoyang Xu, Yong Wang, Shengyong Lu, Jianhua Yan
更新时间: 2026-06-21
摘要: Integrated carbon capture and in-situ methanation (ICCM) is an emerging technology for achieving carbon neutrality, in which the design of dual-functional materials (DFMs) is crucial. Conventional metal oxide supports typically suffer from low surface area and poor metal dispersion, severely hindering the activity and stability of DFMs in ICCM processes. Herein, we developed a novel biochar-based Ni-MgO DFMs (Ni-MgO@C) that achieves a CO2 uptake of 0.65 mmol/g and a CO2 conversion of 83.88% at 400 °C. The Ni-MgO@C further delivers a CH4 yield of 0.52 mmol/g with 95.25% selectivity, and maintains stable performance over 20 consecutive cycles. These performance surpass those of DFMs based on conventional supports and most reported materials to date. Characterization results reveal that biochar incorporation enhances porosity and reduces the size of the adsorption-catalysis interface, thereby greatly improving the dispersion of both active sites. Theoretical calculations further demonstrate that biochar not only enhances the activation of CO2 and H2 on the catalytic sites but also strengthens CO adsorption, which collectively account for the high CH4 yield and selectivity.

877. 题目: Spatial distributions and historical sources of combustion organic carbons in Taihu Lake, China
文章编号: N26062103
期刊: Environmental Earth Sciences
作者: Yan Li, Yuanfang Zheng, Yang Lan, Xiang Li, Qingkun Wang, Long Chen, Ke Liu, Yongming Han
更新时间: 2026-06-21
摘要: COPs (combustion organic carbons) are a type of pollutant generated during fuel combustion, and the rapid accumulation of COPs in lake environments poses a serious threat to watershed climate change and lake ecological security. Taihu was used as the study area, and the concentrations of char in the surface sediments of Taihu were significantly higher than those of soot, with average concentrations of 2.2 and 0.5 mg kg^− 1 respectively. In combination with ¹³⁷CS and ²¹⁰Pb dating technologies, the historical concentrations of COPs in Taihu have been reconstructed for the past century. The concentrations of all COPs have increased rapidly since the reform and opening up and have remained stable since approximately 2003, which is closely related to China’s industrial economic development and legal measures for environmental protection. Combined with the source apportionment receptor model, the contribution amount of each pollution source to the COPs in the sediment of Taihu in the past century was quantified. In the past hundred years, biomass sources have made relatively stable contributions to COPs in the Taihu Lake sediments. With the rapid development of social economy, the amount of petroleum fossil fuel combustion has increased year by year, and the COPs contributions to the Taihu Lake sediments have also increased rapidly in the past 40 years, becoming the main source of COP.

878. 题目: Microplastics impair cadmium adsorption in soils via changes in dissolved organic matter and Fe/Mn oxides
文章编号: N26062102
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Zhenbo Wang, Peng Zhao, Shuanglong Ma, Linglu Wang, Xiaoyu Li, Mengchan Xie, Wenfeng Guo, Fuqing Sui, Chang Li, Shiyu Qin, Hongen Liu, Haichao Fu
更新时间: 2026-06-21
摘要: The coexistence of microplastics (MPs) and cadmium (Cd) in agricultural soils has raised environmental concerns. However, the mechanisms by which MPs alter soil geochemical properties-particularly dissolved organic matter (DOM) and iron/manganese oxides-and thereby influence Cd adsorption remain unclear. We combined soil incubation, batch adsorption experiments, multi-spectroscopic characterization, and multivariate statistical analyses to investigate how MPs with varying properties affect Cd adsorption. MPs, especially biodegradable (PLA) and aged MPs, significantly reduced Cd adsorption capacity and promoted desorption. Adsorption kinetics and isotherms indicated that Cd adsorption was primarily governed by chemisorption, whereas MPs decreased adsorption rates and capacities. XPS and 2D–FTIR–COS revealed that oxygen-containing functional groups (C–O, –OH, OC–O) served as major Cd binding sites; MPs competed for these sites, disrupting normal coordination. Biodegradable MPs lowered soil pH, increased dissolved organic carbon, reduced DOM aromaticity and molecular weight, favoring soluble DOM–Cd complex formation and inhibiting Cd immobilization. MPs also decreased free and amorphous Fe/Mn oxides while increasing chelated forms, reducing reactive mineral surfaces for Cd sorption. Random forest, Mantel test, and PLS-PM identified SUVA254, SUVA280, DOC, and Fe/Mn oxides as key predictors of Cd adsorption. Collectively, MPs impair Cd immobilization through three pathways: competition for functional groups, DOM structural alteration, and Fe/Mn oxide transformation, thereby enhancing Cd mobility and environmental risk, with degradable and aged MPs showing the strongest effects. These findings provide mechanistic insights into MP-mediated Cd behavior and highlight DOM-mineral interactions in risk assessment and remediation.

879. 题目: Vegetation-dependent soil organic carbon fractions and their drivers at the southern margin of Eurasian permafrost
文章编号: N26062101
期刊: Catena
作者: Zhongyun Li, Ying Cheng, Yujie Kang, Lijia Yu, Hongyan Liu
更新时间: 2026-06-21
摘要: Permafrost degradation under climate warming is expected to substantially alter soil carbon stabilization, yet the vertical controls on soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions remain poorly constrained. This study examined wetland and forest soils across the entire soil profiles at the southern margin of the Eurasian permafrost in Northeast China, quantifying SOC, particulate organic carbon (POC), mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC), and relevant soil properties. Permafrost tables were encountered at 42–70 cm in wetland soils but were not observed in the sampled forest profiles. Wetland soils exhibited significantly higher SOC (181.06 vs. 74.10 g/kg), POC (121.09 vs. 54.57 g/kg), and MAOC (43.76 vs. 17.12 g/kg) contents than forest soils across all depth layers, which showed strong surface enrichment and rapid declines with depth. Although forest soils had lower absolute POC contents, their surface POC/SOC ratios were higher than those in wetlands (59.83% vs. 55.03%), suggesting faster litter turnover under aerobic conditions. Both MAOC content and the MAOC/SOC ratios were consistently lower in forest soils throughout the soil profile. Partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) revealed contrasting carbon stabilization mechanisms: POC dominated SOC accumulation in wetlands through anoxia-driven preservation, whereas MAOC was the primary contributor in forests through organo-mineral associations. Random Forest regression identified total nitrogen and clay content as key predictors of vertical carbon distribution. These findings provide mechanistic insights into carbon fraction dynamics and their vulnerability to permafrost degradation under climate warming.

880. 题目: Biowaste-derived biochar mitigates pesticide toxicity in earthworms: Evidence from multi-biomarker responses
文章编号: N26062019
期刊: Applied Soil Ecology
作者: Sasidharan Nair Sruthi, Eswara Venkatesaperumal Ramasamy, Mohanachandran Nair Shyleshchandran
更新时间: 2026-06-20
摘要: Pesticide contamination in soil poses a significant threat to soil health, biodiversity, and agroecosystem functioning, especially affecting non-target soil biota, which plays a key role in regulating the soil structure and nutrient cycling. Biochar, a carbon-rich organic amendment application in soil, mitigates the pesticide contamination risk and improves soil health. This study evaluated the efficiency of biochar prepared from banana stalks in reducing the toxicological, ecological, and physiological impacts of two pesticides, atrazine and benzene hexachloride (BHC), commonly used in the paddy fields of the Kuttanad Agroecosystem (KAE), Kerala, India.