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421. 题目: Cyanobacterial–bamboo growth elicitor coupled with cyanobacterial biochar: Regulatory mechanism of application strategies on soil ecology and soybean quality
文章编号: N26080915
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Yibiao Zhang, Yao Shen, Lu Feng, Yuzhi Li, Huichang Bian, Xuejia Gu, Shuo Wang, Ji Li
更新时间: 2026-08-09
摘要: Addressing the issues of soil degradation and declining crop quality caused by the excessive application of chemical fertilizers, this study prepared a cyanobacterial–bamboo growth elicitor (CBGE) from cyanobacterial and bamboo powder through acid-hydrolysis technology and then co-applied with cyanobacterial biochar (CB). Five pot treatments were established: control (CK), root-applied CB (BR), soil-applied CB (BF), root-applied CBGE-modified CB (LZBR), and soil-applied CBGE-modified CB (LZBF). The results demonstrated that CBGE was rich in essential macronutrients (N, P, K) and bioactive substances including polysaccharides and dipeptides, while cyanobacterial biochar, with its abundant hydroxyl/carboxyl groups, showed strong adsorption of CBGE organic components. During cultivation, the LZBR treatment exhibited comprehensive advantages in improving rhizosphere soil organic carbon, humic substances, and cation exchange capacity. Environmental risk assessment indicated that soil heavy metal levels and associated health risks were low across all treatments, with no obvious short-term adverse effects observed. Soil application (BF, LZBF) maintained Bradyrhizobium dominance, whereas root application (BR, LZBR) enriched Chryseobacterium and Pseudomonas, driving organic matter mineralization and carbon‑nitrogen cycling. Moreover, functional predictions suggested that CBGE addition has the potential to reduce the abundance of functional genes associated with human pathogens, animal parasites, and plant pathogens. The LZBR treatment achieved balanced nutrient utilization through microbial functional network reconstruction, yielding the highest soybean whole-plant biomass (65.8 g/plant, +10.9% vs CK) and grain crude protein (210.56 g/kg, +33.3% vs CK). In conclusion, under the tested pot conditions, the application strategy of LZBR exhibited promising potential to synergistically improve soil health and crop quality.

422. 题目: Multifunctional self-healing hydrogel based on UiO-66-NH2 and biochar: Adsorption-photocatalysis synergistic mechanism for efficient antibiotic removal and DFT calculations
文章编号: N26080914
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Jiaxin Li, Keran Li, Xiaoyu Yang, Longhua Xu
更新时间: 2026-08-09
摘要: To address the persistent pollution of antibiotics in aquatic environments, this study proposed a material design strategy that integrated adsorption and photocatalytic functions. By loading UiO-66-NH2 onto oxidized biochar and encapsulating it within a biopolymer gel matrix, a multifunctional nanocomposite (CO@HBCU) with self-healing capability was successfully fabricated. The optimal adsorption conditions were optimized using response surface methodology, achieving efficient and synergistic removal of antibiotics. The data from adsorption kinetic and isotherm models revealed that the adsorption of levofloxacin (LEV), hydrochloride tetracycline (HTC), and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) onto CO@HBCU followed the pseudo-second-order (PSO) model and the Langmuir isotherm, characteristic of monolayer chemisorption. The maximum adsorption capacities reached 879.38 mg/g for LEV, 568.40 mg/g for HTC, and 597.76 mg/g for SMX. Notably, these capacities exceeded those reported for most previously studied adsorbents, highlighting the superior adsorption performance of the material. Furthermore, cycling experiments and tests with real water samples demonstrated that CO@HBCU possessed excellent regenerative performance and held great promise for practical applications. Interestingly, CO@HBCU also exhibited remarkable self-healing properties. Notably, the in-situ grown UiO-66-NH2 possessed a narrower band gap, broadening the light response range, which consequently significantly enhanced its photocatalytic performance, achieving a catalytic degradation efficiency of up to 96.1% for LEV. Finally, the adsorption mechanisms were analyzed using techniques such as FTIR, XPS, and DFT. This study confirmed the effectiveness and application potential of the synergistic adsorption-catalysis approach as a viable green and economical strategy for the removal of antibiotics from water.

423. 题目: Integrated genomic and physiological insights into the GST gene family in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.): effects of modified biochar treatments
文章编号: N26080913
期刊: Plant and Soil
作者: Muslim Qadir, Noor Muhammad, Rakhwe Kama, Farhan Nabi
更新时间: 2026-08-09
摘要: Aims Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) play important roles in cellular detoxification and oxidative stress regulation in plants; however, their involvement in peanut responses to cadmium (Cd) stress under biochar amendment remains poorly understood. Genome-wide analysis identified 96 AhGST genes in peanut and characterized their phylogenetic, structural, and expression profiles under Cd stress and biochar treatments. Methods A total of 96 AhGST genes were identified and analyzed for phylogeny, gene structure, chromosomal distribution, cis-regulatory elements, and expression patterns. Peanut seedlings were grown in Cd-contaminated soil amended with raw biochar or modified biochar (MBC). Plant growth, antioxidant enzyme activities, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and transcript abundance of selected AhGST genes were evaluated. Results The AhGST family was classified into eight subfamilies, marked expansion (Tau subfamily: 77.08%). Several AhGST genes exhibited root-preferential expression and were strongly induced under biochar treatments. Compared with Cd-only treatment, MBC significantly increased plant height (25.6%), root fresh weight (32.4%), and shoot dry weight (28.1%), while enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities and reducing MDA accumulation. qRT-PCR validated expression patterns of nine representative AhGST genes. Conclusions The findings suggest a correlative association between modified biochar treatment and reduced Cd-induced oxidative stress in peanut, accompanied by enhanced antioxidant defense and GST-related transcript accumulation. This study highlights root-preferential AhGST candidates (e.g., AhGSTU1–AhGSTU3) that warrant further functional validation through reverse genetics approaches. These findings provide preliminary evidence supporting further evaluation of biochar applications in legume cultivation on Cd-contaminated soils, pending mechanistic validation.

424. 题目: Microbial necromass dominates over plant-derived carbon in mineral-associated organic carbon accumulation with elevation: Depth-dependent shift from enzymatic to community control
文章编号: N26080912
期刊: Plant and Soil
作者: Yuqi Wei, Shiqi Zhang, Qianru Ren, Jinxian Liu, Zhengming Luo, Baofeng Chai
更新时间: 2026-08-09
摘要: Background and aims Mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) is a relatively persistent soil carbon pool protected by minerals, with microbial necromass carbon (MNC) and plant-derived carbon (PDC) contributing through in vivo turnover and ex vivo modification, respectively. How those pathways and their governing mechanisms change along climate and soil depth gradients remains unresolved. Methods We collected topsoil (0–30 cm) and subsoil (30–60 cm) along three elevation gradients, quantifying MNC and PDC within MAOC via biomarkers, and characterizing microbial properties via enzyme activities and high-throughput sequencing. Results MNC and PDC increased significantly with elevation but declined with depth. MNC dominated MAOC (33.12% vs. 2.98% for PDC), and its contribution increased with elevation, indicating that in vivo turnover was more responsive than ex vivo modification to elevation-associated environmental changes. Responses were stronger in topsoil: MNC increased by 484.00% from low to high elevation in topsoil (vs. 235.44% in subsoil), while PDC increased significantly only in topsoil (+ 303.77%). Contrasting depth-dependent controls emerged: in topsoil, increased nutrient availability and decreased pH enhanced extracellular enzyme activity, a critical predictor of MNC and PDC accumulation; in resource-limited subsoil, microbial community diversity and composition governed their accumulation. Conclusion MNC exhibited stronger responses to elevation than PDC, highlighting the priority of in vivo turnover pathway under environmental changes. MNC and PDC responded more strongly to environmental changes in topsoil than subsoil, governed by contrasting microbial mechanisms. Collectively, our study improves understanding of persistent soil carbon dynamics and provides information for predicting their responses to environmental changes across soil profiles.

425. 题目: Plants and mycorrhizal fungi reduce mineral-associated organic matter nitrogen formed from decomposing litter
文章编号: N26080911
期刊: Plant and Soil
作者: Raydaliz S Cancel Vázquez, Kelly S Allen, Rachel Hestrin, Robert Wick, Ashley D Keiser
更新时间: 2026-08-09
摘要: Aims Plant litter decomposition is a major pathway of soil organic matter (SOM) formation and a key source of bioavailable N. Litter enters the decomposition pathway across the heterogenous soil environment, but where decomposition occurs may impact how much litter N becomes part of the mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) pool or occluded within particulate organic matter (POM) fractions. It is suggested that soil influenced by mycorrhizal hyphae would promote MAOM formation beyond that of soil influenced by roots alone or soil without roots and hyphae (bulk soil) due to expanded, high microbial activity, but we have not yet quantified the impact of plant roots with and without mycorrhizal fungi on MAOM-N formed through the litter decomposition pathway. Methods We conducted a greenhouse experiment using basil (Ocimum basilicum, L.) and isotopically enriched plant residues to quantify new MAOM-N formation in the presence and absence of plant roots and arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM). Results The treatment with plant roots and living AM had greater new MAOM-N compared to the plant only treatment. Interestingly, the greatest new MAOM-N was found in soils without a plant or active AM. Conclusion Under a limited nutrient environment, plant growth and litter N uptake decreased when AM were present. Our results show that relatively high MAOM-N formation can occur in the absence of plant roots and active AM symbionts contradicting the expectation that roots and AM fungi promote greater MAOM formation than occurs in bulk soil.

426. 题目: Iron-modified biochar facilitates simultaneous stabilization of perfluorooctanoic acid and heavy metals during vermicomposting of sludge
文章编号: N26080910
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Philippe Bakunzibake, Kui Huang, Hui Xia, Qufeng Chen, Liping Zhang, Qi Shi
更新时间: 2026-08-09
摘要: The ubiquitous coexistence of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and heavy metals (HMs) in sludge restricts its resource utilization through vermicomposting. Biochar-based adsorbents are mixed with sludge to improve its vermicomposting effectiveness, yet their potential for PFOA and HMs stabilization remains unexplored. In this study, iron-modified biochar (Fe-BC) was used to enhance simultaneous stabilization of PFOA and HMs during vermicomposting of sludge. The sludge mixed with 0% (VC), 1% (V1), 3% (V3), and 5% (V5) of Fe-BC was separately vermicomposted by Eisenia fetida. The results showed higher organic matter loss in Fe-BC treatments, with the highest being 43.84% in V5, while VC had 27.69%. Moreover, earthworm biomass increased by 61.92% in V5 and only by 26.33% in VC. Microbial community analysis revealed that the addition of Fe-BC significantly enriched the phylum Pseudomonadota, with potential for organic matter degradation. Under V5, the relative abundance of Pseudomonadota reached 49.71% in vermicompost and 71.41% in earthworm gut. The PFOA content was reduced by 17.40% in V5, contrary to its increase of 15.15% in VC. Meanwhile, V5 had higher reduction efficiency of Pb and Zn at over 85% and 78%, respectively. PFOA and HMs stabilization was mainly governed by adsorption, complexation, and bioaccumulation processes. The study suggests the use of Fe-BC to improve vermicomposting of sludge by minimizing toxicological effects associated with PFOA and HMs.

427. 题目: Short-term transport of soluble ions from sludge-based biochar in soil under environmental stress: effects of placement mode
文章编号: N26080909
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Zhichao Xu, RuRu Yu, Run Zhou, Guoren Xu
更新时间: 2026-08-09
摘要: Sludge-based biochar is increasingly considered for land application, yet the short-term mobility of its soluble-ion pool under environmental stress remains poorly understood. In this study, soil column experiments were used to compare two placement modes, mixed incorporation and stratified placement, under dry–wet cycling, freeze–thaw cycling, simulated acid rain, and a control condition. Na+, Cl−, Ca2+, and SO42− were monitored in soil layers and leachate. Soil-only columns were included to constrain background contributions. Mixed placement was generally associated with lower divergence among ion-specific release trajectories and earlier stabilization, whereas stratified placement produced clearer staged redistribution. In the stratified columns, Na+ and Cl− stabilized earlier than Ca2+ and SO42−, indicating clear ion-specific differences in mobility and retention. Among the tested stressors, dry-wet cycling showed the highest cumulative leaching of all examined ions, especially Ca2+ and SO42−, suggesting that water content fluctuation was the strongest driver of short-term salt mobilization in this system. Freeze–thaw cycles and simulated acid rain also altered ion transport, but their effects depended on ion type and application mode. Because the experiment used a high biochar loading (20%, w/w), the results should be interpreted as comparative evidence under intensified conditions rather than as direct field-scale prediction. These findings suggest that pre-application screening of soluble ions and careful selection of placement mode are important when sludge-based biochar is used in salt-sensitive soils.

428. 题目: Spatiotemporal modelling of soil organic carbon: integrating process-based and machine learning approaches
文章编号: N26080908
期刊: Geoderma
作者: Yuanyuan Du, Budiman Minasny, Wartini Ng, Lei Zhang, Nicolas P A Saby, Yue Zhou, Bas van Wesemael, Yuxin Ma, Zheng Wang, Zhongkui Luo, Zhou Shi, Songchao Chen
更新时间: 2026-08-09
摘要: Soil organic carbon (SOC) underpins the global carbon cycle and represents a central lever for climate change mitigation and food security. Yet its accurate spatiotemporal quantification remains a challenge, owing to the complex interactions among biological, chemical and physical processes operating across scales. This review critically evaluates the current state of SOC spatiotemporal modelling frameworks and their limitations, and future directions. Process-based models provide mechanistic insight into carbon dynamics but are constrained by parameterisation, structural assumptions and computational demands. In contrast, machine-learning (ML) approaches excel at capturing spatial patterns from large datasets but often struggle to represent temporal kinetics, enforce physical consistency or generalise across scales and environmental contexts. We argue that the next generation of SOC modelling will emerge from the convergence of process-based understanding and data-driven inference through knowledge-guided ML and hybrid modelling strategies. We synthesise four principal integration pathways: (1) meta-modelling to accelerate computationally intensive simulations; (2) sequential hybridisation to embed mechanistic trends as dynamic covariates; (3) ensemble frameworks to reduce structural uncertainty; and (4) data assimilation to constrain model trajectories with observations. We further highlight emerging frontiers, including residual and parameter learning, physics-informed neural networks, foundation models for earth observations, and omics-informed frameworks that link microbial functional potential to carbon turnover processes. We conclude that progress toward causally interpretable, uncertainty-aware monitoring frameworks will require tighter integration of mechanistic theory, interpretable artificial intelligence and cross-scale data synthesis.

429. 题目: Microplastics as a dynamic source of dissolved organic carbon: Desorption kinetics, thermodynamic drivers, and potential mitigation
文章编号: N26080907
期刊: Environmental Research
作者: Kassim Chabi, Xinyan Xiao, Manoj Kumar Panjwani, Mahmoud Gad, Claude Kiki, Jie Zeng, Daouda Mama, Abdullah S Abdelfadiel, Xin Yu
更新时间: 2026-08-09
摘要: Research on microplastics (MPs) has focused on adsorption, while largely ignoring desorption as a route for releasing sequestered organics into aquatic systems. This study examined the desorption of organic carbon from virgin and preloaded microplastics using model oxygenated organic chemicals (ethanol, acetonitrile, and acetone) and a temperature range of 25-55 °C, together with a separate open-vessel boiling experiment at 100 °C, to evaluate their influence on dissolved organic carbon (DOC) release. The results showed that dissolved organic carbon concentrations increased rapidly during the initial hour. Increasing the temperature from 25 to 55 °C increased dissolved organic carbon release by approximately 1.7-fold compared with the 25 °C treatment. Preloaded microplastics desorption exhibited a fast initial release (0-1 h), with the highest apparent DOC release percentage of 98.64% observed for acetone-conditioned microplastics. Kinetic modeling indicated that DOC desorption was well described by pseudo-first-order and Elovich models (R2 > 0.95). Equilibrium data were fitted to the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, indicating apparent finite-capacity behavior and heterogeneous surface interactions. In the separate open-vessel boiling experiment at 100 °C, bulk DOC decreased by approximately 70%; however, this decrease coincided with substantial evaporative water loss and therefore cannot be unequivocally attributed to degradation or removal of MP-derived carbon. The characterization of microplastics using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis indicated treatment-associated changes in MP surface morphology, spectral features, and surface area. Overall, microplastics may act as secondary sources of DOC under controlled chemical-conditioning and thermal-stress conditions. Thermal exposure (boiling at 100 °C) substantially reduces measurable DOC and MP-associated carbon, suggesting a potential mitigation route for MP-derived organic carbon in water.

430. 题目: Enhancing long-term nitrogen removal in bioretention systems: Elucidating the synergistic mechanisms of biochar for pyrite reactivity and microbial denitrification
文章编号: N26080906
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Yamiao Ding, Mengdi Li, Haiyuan Ma, Hongxiang Chai
更新时间: 2026-08-09
摘要: Pyrite is a promising electron donor for denitrification in runoff treatment, but its long-term efficacy is often constrained by the formation of passivating Fe(III)-bearing surface products under fluctuating dry-wet conditions, posing a major challenge for the engineering application of pyrite-based bioretention. Although biochar has shown potential for enhancing long-term denitrification, the mechanisms by which it regulates pyrite aging and microbial nitrogen removal remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate how biochar modulates pyrite surface transformation, interfacial electron transfer, and microbial denitrification processes to sustain long-term nitrogen removal in pyrite-based bioretention systems. A submerged pyrite-biochar system (PB) was constructed, alongside pyrite-only (P) and sand-only (S) controls, and subjected to accelerated aging equivalent to 12 years of operation. The PB system consistently exhibited superior denitrification performance throughout aging, increasing the first-order rate constant for total nitrogen (TN) removal by 44–123% compared with the P system. Surface and electrochemical analyses showed that biochar redirected pyrite oxidation from sulfate-rich passivation products toward more reactive Fe(III)-(oxyhydr)oxide phases, with aged PB pyrite exhibiting a 61.4% higher oxidation charge (Qox) and sustained corrosion current density (Icorr) relative to aged P pyrite. Meanwhile, long-term submergence transformed biochar into a more active electron-donating material, as reflected by an approximately 3.5-fold increase in electron-donation capacity (EDC). Microbial community analysis further indicated that biochar sustained denitrification-related taxa, including Thiobacillus, and reinforced microbial functional networks associated with nitrogen‑sulfur cycling and electron transfer. Collectively, these results demonstrate that biochar sustains long-term denitrification through a time-evolving material-electrochemical-microbial synergy that preserves pyrite reactivity, enhances electron supply, mitigates inert passivation, and supports functional denitrifying communities.

431. 题目: Humic acid-enhanced electron transfer facilitates anammox nitrogen removal: coupling extracellular electron interactions, electroactive microenvironments and intracellular metabolism
文章编号: N26080905
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Antao Yao, Yijing Zhu, Changqing Liu, Yang Yang, Fangting Tian, Kai Hong, Jianghua Yu
更新时间: 2026-08-09
摘要: Humic acids (HA) participate in electron shuttling within the anammox process as multilevel redox mediators, yet the underlying extracellular and intracellular regulatory mechanisms remain largely unresolved. In this study, anammox sequencing batch reactors were operated under HA gradients of 100, 200, and 500 mg/L. The results showed that the anammox system achieved its highest nitrogen-removal performance during the 200 mg/L HA operational phase. The potential nitrogen-metabolism interaction between anammox bacteria and electroactive DNRA-associated bacteria may be facilitated by HA-associated extracellular interspecies electron-transfer processes. At the pericellular microenvironment level, HA-associated functional groups modified the EPS layer to form a redox-active interface, thereby increasing the electron availability for active electron exchange between extracellular and intracellular compartments. Consequently, intracellular electroactivity was enhanced, as indicated by increased abundance of hdh and ccsA genes. TEM observations showed a decrease in glycogen-like intracellular storage under HA exposure, suggesting possible changes in endogenous reserve utilization. Together with the EPS and functional-gene results, these observations may indicate the presence of an enhanced electron-transfer driving force and a more favorable metabolic state for nitrogen conversion. These findings provide mechanistic insights and potential strategies to enhance anammox system stability and performance in wastewater where HA is commonly present.

432. 题目: Biochar alters the active sulfamethoxazole degraders and degradation pathways in paddy soils as revealed by stable-isotope-probing and Raman-activated-cell-sorting
文章编号: N26080904
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Guiqiong Yang, Zhen Zhen, Yijie Chen, Shuwen Luo, Bei Li, Mengke Song, Jiewen Yang, Kun Zhang, Kaijiang Nie, Xiaoyang Miao, Zhong Lin, Dayi Zhang
更新时间: 2026-08-09
摘要: Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is an emerging contaminant and its degradation mechanisms in paddy soils are important for risk control. This study combined DNA stable-isotope-probing (DNA-SIP) and Raman-Activated Cell Sorting (RACS) to explore the active SMX degraders and degradation pathways in paddy soils driven by seawater rice straw biochar amendment. Biochar significantly accelerated SMX degradation rate with the highest degradation efficiency of 96.38% achieved in the presence of 2% biochar. Across treatments, DNA-SIP and RACS individually identified the active SMX degraders belonging to 24 and 43 bacterial families, respectively, and 20 of them were jointly recognized by both methods. Particularly Anaeromyxobacteraceae, Intrasporangiaceae, Micromonosporaceae, Myxococcaceae, and Nocardioidaceae were dominant, and the degradation pathway was reconstructed based on DNA-SIP-derived metagenomic data and metabolites. Biochar changed the composition of the active SMX degraders by enriching Burkholderiaceae, Caulobacteraceae, Geodermatophilaceae, Mycobacteriaceae, Nocardiaceae, Oxalobacteraceae, Longimicrobiaceae, Planococcaceae, as well as some key degradation genes (sadA, sadC, chqB, E1.3.1.32, pcaJ, pcaI, pcaF and fadA), shifting the pathway from “benzene hydroxylation → sulfonamide cleavage” to “direct sulfonamide cleavage → desulfonation → ring opening and mineralization”. RACS captured a broader diversity and higher abundance of active degraders at the single-cell level, whereas DNA-SIP preferentially enriched core functional degraders harboring degradation genes, highlighting their complementary roles in resolving microbial identity–function relationships. Overall, this study reveals that biochar enhances SMX biodegradation by shaping microbial communities, functional genes, and metabolic pathways, providing molecular mechanisms of biochar-mediated remediation in paddy soils.

433. 题目: Compositional divergence of sediment dissolved organic matter across a littoral exposure–inundation gradient
文章编号: N26080903
期刊: Environmental Research
作者: Yuying Guan, Jian Cui, Yihui Zhang, Weiping Hu
更新时间: 2026-08-09
摘要: Littoral sediments serve as dynamic biogeochemical interfaces, yet how exposure–inundation gradients dictate the compositional divergence of sediment dissolved organic matter (DOM) through nested physical-chemical pathways remains poorly understood. In this study, sediment DOM dynamics across a littoral exposure–inundation gradient (upper, middle, and permanently inundated zones) were examined by integrating micro-hydrological zonation, depth-resolved physicochemical properties, and PARAFAC-derived fluorescence components. The results demonstrated a pronounced horizontal and vertical divergence in DOM composition along the gradient. Intermittently exposed upper zones (U) exhibited higher relative contributions of humic-like (45.2%) and fulvic-like (40.4%) components with lower DOC concentrations (0.18–0.81 mg g−1), indicating selective preservation of aromatic structures during oxic–suboxic exposure. Conversely, the permanently inundated zone (D) was dominated by protein-like DOM (43.4%) and elevated DOC (0.25–0.96 mg g−1), coupled with higher spectral slope ratios (SR), reflecting enhanced preservation of lower-molecular-weight, labile organic matter under prolonged anaerobic conditions. Piecewise structural equation modeling (SEM) successfully disentangled the hierarchical environmental controls, explaining 47%, 22%, and 19% of the variances in protein-like (C3), fulvic-like (C2), and humic-like (C1) fractions, respectively. Sediment redox potential exerted a significant negative effect on protein-like DOM (standardized coefficient = −0.35), whereas bulk density imposed strong constraints on both humic- and protein-like fractions. These findings underscore that exposure–inundation gradients govern littoral DOM architecture via divergent redox gating and physical matrix filtering. Our results imply that adaptive lake water-level regulations must account for localized sediment physical-chemical coupling to optimize carbon retention and manage internal nutrient loading under fluctuating hydrological regimes.

434. 题目: Performance and mechanism of biochar encapsulated CoFe2O4 nanocomposite for peroxymonosulfate activation to eliminate monochlorobenzene in groundwater
文章编号: N26080902
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Lei Yang, Lu Han, Yudong Feng, Jing Li, Wenying Zhang, Hongping Chen, Mengfang Chen
更新时间: 2026-08-09
摘要: Effectively inhibiting metal leaching of cobalt-based nanomaterial remains a great challenge for its green and highly-efficient application in groundwater remediation utilizing advanced oxidation process. Thus, biochar encapsulated nanoscale CoFe2O4 composites were successfully synthesized for activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to degrade a recalcitrant monochlorobenzene (MCB). It is identified that the calcination temperature exhibited significant impacts on the structural transformation and encapsulated configuration of CoFe2O4 and carbon sheets in the composites. Compared with CoFe2O4 alone, the composite synthesized under calcination temperature of 600 °C (FeCo@C600) was endowed with the highest utilization efficiency of PMS (i.e., reaction stoichiometric efficiency (RSE) of 13.11% for FeCo@C600 vs 8.74% for CoFe2O4) and the lowest cobalt leaching rate (i.e., 0.24% for FeCo@C600 vs 21.56% for CoFe2O4). Consequently, excellent reusability, strong anti-interference to commonly co-existed anions and organic matter, and high effectiveness with low cobalt leaching level were exhibited in FeCo@C600/PMS system under the porous flow-through condition, underscoring its promising potential for practical groundwater remediation. Redox reaction of the encapsulated CoFe2O4 predominated the heterogeneous activation of PMS by FeCo@C600 which was facilitated by graphitic sp2-carbon within the carbon sheets and surface functional group (CO). Finally, an active reaction system composed of SO4−/OH-based radical pathway and 1O2-based nonradical pathway was formed, in which SO4− dominated the degradation of MCB. This study offered a facile strategy for constructing bimetallic-biochar nanomaterials with minimal metal leaching and mechanistic insights into activating PMS for green and efficient remediation of organic contaminated groundwater.

435. 题目: Exogenous organic matter and clay mineral additions regulate microbial-mineral mediated soil organic carbon accumulation in alkaline-calcareous soils
文章编号: N26080901
期刊: Applied Soil Ecology
作者: Xi Yang, Donghao Ma, Lin Chen, Ting Yang, Yongqi Zhang, Hongwei Jiang, Nan Zhang, Hongtao Zou, Congzhi Zhang, Guixiang Zhou, Yanfang Zhou, Yu Luo, Jiabao Zhang
更新时间: 2026-08-09
摘要: Calcareous alkaline soils are widespread in arid and semi-arid regions, yet croplands on these soils typically exhibit limited soil organic carbon (SOC) storage capacity. The mechanisms governing SOC accumulation following the application of exogenous organic matter and clay minerals in these calcareous soils remain poorly understood. Here, we conducted a 180-day pot experiment to investigate how bentonite (a clay minerals) and natural humic material regulate microbial-mineral interaction to enhance soil carbon sequestration. Five representative calcareous soils from major agricultural regions of northern China were selected: fluvo-aquic soil, cinnamon soil, sierozem, cultivated loessial soil, and brown pedocals. Results indicated that both amendments increased SOC, primarily by promoting the formation of mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC). Notably, the MAOC loading capacity per unit of the silt + clay fraction varied markedly among soil types, reflecting distinct intrinsic mineral protection capacities. Co-addition of exogenous organic matter and clay minerals enhanced microbial carbon pump efficiency, particularly in sierozem and fluvo-aquic soil. This response was accompanied by increased microbial diversity and community shifts dominated by Proteobacteria and Ascomycota. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the combined amendments mitigated CaCO₃ cementation on mineral surfaces and increased reactive surface sites, thereby facilitating organic carbon occlusion and stabilization. This study demonstrates that integrating exogenous organic matter with active clay minerals enhances SOC accumulation by synergistically improving microbial carbon pump efficiency and mineral protection. Furthermore, it highlights that soil-specific microbial diversity and mineralogy are key determinants of carbon accrual efficiency in arid agricultural ecosystems.

436. 题目: Seasonal bloom alternation drives periodic shifts in carbon sink function via differential dissolved organic matter processing in a plateau lake
文章编号: N26080817
期刊: Water Research
作者: Zhongqing Huang, Chen Wang, Huaji Liu, Jinhui Wang, Chunmei Tian, Jian Shen, Jimeng Feng, Xinze Wang
更新时间: 2026-08-08
摘要: Frequent algal blooms alter dissolved organic matter (DOM) dynamics and carbon sink functions in eutrophic lakes, yet how bloom type governs DOM molecular transformation and microbial carbon pump (MCP) direction remains unresolved. Integrating Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS), metagenomics, Biolog EcoPlate, and incubation experiments, we investigated DOM composition, microbial functions, and refractory dissolved organic carbon (RDOC) formation during cyanobacterial (Pseudanabaena sp.) and dinoflagellate (Peridinium sp.) blooms in Lake Erhai. Cyanobacterial blooms released CHON-enriched, high-molecular-weight (HMW) DOM with elevated carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAMs, 39.53 %) accumulation, exhibiting expanded synthesis-dominated meta-metabolome networks and intracellular carbon storage modules (GT35, GH13) with progressively broadening substrate utilization. Conversely, dinoflagellate blooms produced low-molecular-weight (LMW), oxidized, and sulfur-rich DOM with elevated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, 14 %), characterized by removal-dominated networks and extracellular degradation modules including polysaccharide lyases and peptidoglycan-degrading enzymes (GH24, CBM50) with specialized catabolic activity. Summer warming promoted cyanobacterial biomass and DOM accumulation, yet enhanced microbial activity functioned as a carbon turnover engine that suppressed net RDOC accumulation. In contrast, lower temperatures in autumn and winter suppressed dinoflagellate biomass, but substrate-specific enzymatic catalysis sustained efficient RDOC formation via activated carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes). These findings suggest that seasonal alternation between cyanobacterial and dinoflagellate blooms modulates MCP direction, driving periodic shifts in Lake Erhai's carbon sink function and indicating that plateau lake carbon management should integrate seasonal temperature variations and algal community composition.

437. 题目: Non-radical activation of peroxydisulfate by Fe-doped piggery digestate biochar for efficient sulfamethoxazole removal
文章编号: N26080816
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Jiayi Li, Yunlong Wu, Qiqi Tang, Yuansheng Wang, Jiaqu Tan, Min Yu, Zhen Zhang, Zhixiao Lv, Yulong Zhang, Xueming Lin
更新时间: 2026-08-08
摘要: Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is a common antibiotic often found in water, and its presence poses a potential threat to the environment. However, a reliable strategy for SMX removal remains elusive. In this study, we developed biochar derived from piggery anaerobic digestate (Fe-ADBC) as a sustainable catalyst and investigated an Fe-ADBC-mediated peroxydisulfate (PDS) activation system for SMX degradation. Herein, Fe-ADBC samples with different iron contents were synthesized. The performance, stability, and resistance to environmental interferences of Fe-ADBC were evaluated systematically. The results showed that 2.0Fe-ADBC exhibited outstanding degradation efficiency over a wide pH range (3–11) and low Fe leaching (85.5 μg·L⁻¹). An electron-transfer mechanism via surface-confined complexes (Fe-ADBC-PDS*), rather than radical-based routes, dominated the SMX oxidation process, as supported by electrochemical tests, quenching experiments, and electron spin resonance spectroscopy. This work further demonstrates the potential of using biochar derived from piggery anaerobic digestate for wastewater treatment, elucidates the electron transfer pathway (ETP) for environmental pollutant oxidation, and provides fundamental insights into the resource utilization of digestate.

438. 题目: Colloidal biochar promotes microbial carbon dioxide fixation and enhances net soil organic carbon gain
文章编号: N26080815
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Jia Bing Liu, Jia Wang, Wang Kai Tong, Han Tang, Mei Ru Yue, Piao Yi Jiang, Min-tian Gao, Nan Liu, Jiajun Hu, Jixiang Li
更新时间: 2026-08-08
摘要: Global warming and soil degradation have become increasingly severe. Biochar can increase soil organic carbon and facilitate carbon sequestration, yet it fragments into fine particles (e.g., colloidal biochar) upon field application, potentially altering its functional properties. This study prepared colloidal biochar (BC-C) with less dissolved exudates and a stable structure to focus on the effects of the colloidal biochar itself, excluding those of further fragmented ultra-small particle-size biochar and its dissolved exudates. The results showed that BC-C effectively promoted the growth of chemolithoautotrophic microorganisms possessing the Calvin cycle (taking Ochrobactrum as the research object) and their CO₂-fixing efficiency, with the promotional effect intensifying as biochar dosage decreased and microbial inoculation quantity increased. Further mechanistic studies revealed that in the absence of BC-C, autotrophic bacteria adopted typical metabolic strategies to acquire nutrients and energy from the environment, such as producing type IV pili, reducing hydrophobicity, increasing membrane permeability, and accelerating aggregation. In contrast, BC-C addition primarily facilitated microbial aggregation and possibly acted as an electron shuttle for functional compensation, reducing microbial metabolic costs and thereby promoting microbial growth and CO₂ fixation efficiency. In soil validation experiments, the addition of BC-C alone achieved a net carbon fixation of 16.89 mg/g within 21 days. Metagenomic analysis of soil microbial community functions showed that BC-C significantly increased the abundance of genes involved in the Calvin-Benson cycle. Against the backdrop of large-scale biochar application to soils globally, this study deepens insights into the long-term functions of biochar in soil and improves assessment accuracy.

439. 题目: Rapid photodegradation of emerging phenolic contaminants in dissolved black carbon solution: Role of quinone component-mediated electron transfer processes
文章编号: N26080814
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Hui Wang, Ying Yang, Ying Hu, Shuaigang Zhang, Mei Wang, Huaxi Zhou
更新时间: 2026-08-08
摘要: Dissolved black carbon (DBC) significantly influences the photochemical fate of emerging contaminants, yet the underlying mechanisms under varying geochemical conditions remain elusive. This study investigates the photodegradation of bisphenol A (BPA) in the presence of DBC under various pH conditions. Results demonstrate that the pseudo-first-order decay rate constant of BPA in DBC solution under alkaline conditions (0.509 ± 0.033 h−1) is significantly higher than those under neutral (0.226 ± 0.020 h−1) and acidic (0.024 ± 0.002 h−1) conditions. Quenching experiments and kinetic analysis identify triplet-excited DBC (3DBC*) as the predominant reactive intermediate driving the process. A critical mechanistic transition is revealed that the reaction follows a proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) pathway under neutral or acidic conditions and it shifts to a rapid direct electron transfer (ET) mechanism under alkaline conditions, facilitated by the deprotonation of BPA and the modulated oxidative capacity of 3DBC*. Electrochemical analysis corroborates the pH-dependent redox interplay, showing enhanced electron transfer dynamics at high pH value. Furthermore, sodium borohydride reduction and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) results confirm that quinone moieties might be the primary contributors to 3DBC* generation. These findings underscore the pivotal role of pH in regulating the reactivity of pyrogenic organic matter, providing a mechanistic basis for predicting the environmental persistence of phenolic pollutants in alkaline aquatic systems.

440. 题目: Hydrological connectivity regulates soil organic carbon stocks in coastal riparian wetlands within urbanized regions
文章编号: N26080813
期刊: Journal of Cleaner Production
作者: Jin Li, Fang Gao, Wenxin Yang, Yanzi Cai, Baoshan Cui
更新时间: 2026-08-08
摘要: Coastal riparian wetlands, including mangroves and tidal marshes, function as critical blue carbon sinks within urbanized regions, yet the effect of hydrological connectivity (HC) on soil organic carbon (SOC) storage remains poorly constrained. We addressed this knowledge gap using regional field measurements in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA). An HC index was developed at the regional scale by integrating four hydrological variables, including tidal inundation frequency, tidal hydrodynamic conditions, distance from wetland to estuary, and runoff. SOC stocks exhibited distinct spatial patterns across the GBA, and showed a clear inverted U-shaped relationship with HC, with thresholds varying between wetland types. Below the threshold, SOC sequestration was enhanced, associated with an increasing proportion of terrestrial organic carbon (OC) inputs and improving SOC stability. However, once HC exceeded the threshold, SOC stocks decreased with increasing HC, partly because of altered soil physicochemical properties, such as salinity and SOC optical properties, and SOC export, which reduced SOC storage. Based on the HC-SOC stock relationship, 32.4% of mangrove HC values and 60.8% of tidal marsh HC values have the potential to shift into the optimal HC range via hydrological regulation, where SOC stocks reach 85% of their maximum, increasing SOC stocks by 14.1% and 28.8%, respectively. Under this scenario, the regional estimation suggests a potential increase in carbon-credit value on the order of tens of millions of USD for the GBA. These findings highlight the potential to enhance SOC stocks in coastal riparian wetlands through strategic HC regulation with multiple hydrological variables, providing guidance for wetland restoration and carbon management in urbanized regions.