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441. 题目: Long-term substitution of chemical fertilizers with vermicompost improves soil organic matter chemodiversity and carbon release by modulating the microbial community
文章编号: N26080812
期刊: Environmental Technology & Innovation
作者: Mengyuan Yan, Mingqian He, Di Wu, Ming Liu, Meng Wu, Zhongpei Li
更新时间: 2026-08-08
摘要: Understanding the interactions between microbial communities and soil organic matter (SOM) chemodiversity is critical for comprehending the soil carbon cycle. In this study, amplicon sequencing and ultrahigh-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) were employed to characterize soil microbial communities and SOM chemodiversity under the long-term application of different vermicompost substitution ratios for chemical fertilizers. As the vermicompost substitution ratio increased, SOM chemodiversity and microbial diversity increased, and SOM-microbial interactions tended to become more complex. Our results suggested that vermicompost application indirectly stimulated SOM chemodiversity by mediating soil microbial communities, which ultimately regulated the release of accumulated soil carbon. Notably, vermicompost application enhanced soil organic carbon mineralization, whereas the 50% vermicompost substitution ratio resulted in the lowest cumulative CO2-C release (12.16 mg CO2-C g−1 soil organic carbon) among all vermicompost treatments. Concurrently, soil organic matter content increased from 2.33% to 3.98% as the vermicompost substitution ratio increased. Therefore, a balanced substitution ratio of vermicompost for chemical fertilizers may enhance soil fertility while minimizing short-term carbon loss.

442. 题目: Enhanced degradation of Iron/extracellular polymeric substances/catalase engineered biochar on dibutyl phthalate: Insights into immobilization affinity and advanced free radicals/enzyme pathways
文章编号: N26080811
期刊: Environmental Technology & Innovation
作者: Mengqi Hao, Shurun Yao, Chuanlong Huang, Lirong Wang, Gang Liu, Zhuo Wei
更新时间: 2026-08-08
摘要: Engineered biochar gain increasing research interests on persistent organic pollutants remediation due to various degradation pathways. In this study, Fe-loaded biochar immobilized catalase (CAT) composite modified with bacterial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) (CAT-EPS-FeBC) or glutaraldehyde (GA) were synthesized, and their efficiency and mechanisms on dibutyl phthalate (DBP) removal were evaluated. The characterization results showed the advanced association affinity of EPS with both of biochar and CAT, and the formation of Iron oxide (FeOn) during biochar pyrolysis which enhanced the association between biochar and EPS through electrostatic attraction and nucleophilic. The total DBP removal efficiencies were in order of: CAT-EPS-FeBC (70.76%) > CAT-GA-FeBC (56.02%) > FeBC (36.60%) > BC (28.45%). EPS modification exhibited higher CAT activity than glutaraldehyde (GA) with degradation enzyme, CAT-EPS-FeBC produced stronger free radicals with •OH generated from FeOn and biochar, and 1O2 generated from EPS and CAT. The contribution of electrochemical degradation by biochar composites was insignificant. CAT-EPS-FeBC showed lower ecotoxicity on Chlorella vulgaris than did CAT-GA-FeBC. Overall, the findings in this study demonstrated the high DBP degradation efficiency of Fe loaded biochar immobized CAT with EPS modification through pathways including sorption, CAT catalysis, and free radicals. This study can provide new ideas for the development of biochar-immobilized enzyme and the remediation of persistent organic pollutants.

443. 题目: Ammonia nitrogen adsorption performance and mechanisms of biochar and lignite modified composite functional materials
文章编号: N26080810
期刊: Environmental Research
作者: Wenjing Zhang, Yang Zhan, Hui Zhang, Haibo Meng, Yujun Shen, Jingtao Ding, Fengrui Wen, Meigu Lu, Xiuli Shen
更新时间: 2026-08-08
摘要: The efficient removal of ammonia nitrogen (NH4+) from wastewater is of significant importance in agricultural, industrial, and environmental contexts. In this study, a composite functional material (Biochar-Lignite composite) was synthesized from agricultural biomass-derived biochar and low-rank lignite through low-temperature oxidative pyrolysis, with the aim of developing a high-performance adsorbent for NH4+. The material was systematically characterized in terms of its microstructure, surface morphology, functional group composition, and chemical bonding properties. Adsorption performance and mechanisms for NH4+ were also investigated. Results showed that the composite possesses a rough surface, a well-developed porous structure, and an abundance of oxygen-containing functional groups such as carbonyl and hydroxyl. Under the optimal preparation conditions obtained through a single-factor experiment (biochar-to-lignite ratio of 1:1, pyrolysis temperature of 225 °C, and duration of 2 h), the composite achieved an NH4+ adsorption capacity of 3.14 mg/g with a removal efficiency of 20.92%. The composite exhibited a removal efficiency that was 3 and 5 times that of the unmodified biochar and raw lignite, respectively. Based on qualitative analysis of surface functional groups, adsorption kinetics, isotherm modeling, and multiple characterization methods, the adsorption process was found to be synergistic, dominated by chemisorption via ion exchange and complexation, with supplementary physisorption through electrostatic interaction, van der Waals forces, and pore filling. This work provides a theoretical basis and key data for designing efficient NH4+ adsorbents, while also proposing a novel strategy for the resource utilization of agricultural biomass waste and low-rank lignite.

444. 题目: Urea–NaHCO3 co-activated biochar enhances biohydrogen production via microbial community restructuring and metabolic pathway redirection
文章编号: N26080809
期刊: Environmental Research
作者: Tao Sheng, Jiaxing Meng, Chengwei Song, Changxing Yu, Caiyu Sun, Linlin Huang, Lixin Li, Chunxue Yang, Zhiwei Song
更新时间: 2026-08-08
摘要: Biochar enhances dark fermentative biohydrogen production (BHP), yet conventional biochar is limited by low porosity and few active sites. While nitrogen doping and chemical activation can individually upgrade biochar, the synergistic effect of urea doping combined with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) activation, and its consequence for intracellular metabolic networks, remains unclear. Herein, material characterization, 16S rRNA sequencing, and non-targeted metabolomics were integrated to elucidate how urea-doped NaHCO3-activated rice-straw biochar (UBC-A) enhances cellulolytic BHP. UBC-A achieved the highest hydrogen production of 192.52 mL g−1, representing a 6.6-fold (561.35% relative improvement) of the control; the hydrogen production lag period was shortened to 13.93 h, and the energy conversion efficiency was 14.19%. UBC-A exhibited enhanced graphitization and hierarchical porous structure. Microbiome analysis revealed selective enrichment of hydrogen-producing taxa (Clostridia, Thermoanaerobacterium) and cellulolytic microbes, alongside suppression of competitors. Metabolomics identified 113 significantly differential metabolites (P < 0.05), revealing system-wide metabolic rewiring centered on three interconnected hubs: (i) L-glutamate-driven TCA cycle activation and GABA-mediated acid stress alleviation; (ii) 2-hydroxyglutarate as a novel indicator of enhanced NADH regeneration capacity; and (iii) glycerophospholipid-mediated membrane restructuring facilitating extracellular electron transfer. Correlation analysis established significant associations between these hydrogen producers and key upregulated metabolites, indicating that UBC-A optimizes BHP by synchronizing community assembly with metabolic pathway redirection. These findings advance a structure–microbiome–metabolism framework for agricultural-waste valorization and biohydrogen industrialization.

445. 题目: Intensive mariculture promotes molecular reorganization of dissolved organic matter in coastal waters
文章编号: N26080808
期刊: Environmental Research
作者: Kai Shen, Niangming Duan, Zhibing Jiang, Jiang Shen, Haibo Jiang, Hailong Huang, Lingfeng Zhou, Dongping Shi, Mei Li, Ying Kang, Yuanhao Wang, Xubiao Yu
更新时间: 2026-08-08
摘要: Mariculture effluents represent a growing anthropogenic perturbation to coastal environments, yet their impacts on dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition and microbially mediated transformation processes remain insufficiently understood. Here, we applied molecular-level DOM analysis combined with microbial community profiling to elucidate DOM biogeochemical behavior in a typical high-density mariculture bay in China. Mariculture effluents substantially increased DOM molecular diversity, yielding up to 1406 unique molecular formulas in tailwater, and introduced abundant nitrogen- and sulfur-containing compounds. Sulfur-containing DOM was markedly enriched in Xiangshan Bay (12.11%) relative to riverine water (7.35%), while inner and mid-bay DOM shared far more molecular formulas with mariculture tailwater than with riverine water. In contrast, outer-bay DOM was dominated by lignin-rich, aromatic compounds associated with the Yangtze River diluted water plume, producing a sharp spatial segregation of DOM sources within the bay. Microbial communities closely mirrored these patterns, showing strong overlap between tailwater and bay waters and enrichment of heterotrophic and sulfur-related pathways. Co-occurrence networks revealed highly connected and modular DOM-microbe interactions in Xiangshan Bay, suggesting potential microbial involvement in sulfur-containing DOM transformation. These results demonstrate that mariculture effluents are closely associated with distinct DOM composition and DOM-microbe coupling patterns, highlighting intensive aquaculture as an important contributor to organic matter transformation in semi-enclosed coastal systems.

446. 题目: Fates of algal and natural organic matters during moderate pre-oxidation of potassium permanganate composite to enhance coagulation of algae-laden water
文章编号: N26080807
期刊: Environmental Research
作者: Luming Ding, Zhiwei Zhou, Yeqiang Wu, Xiaoying Li, Xiuli Tian, Zhenkui Zheng, Yanling Yang, Xing Li, Zhaoyang Su
更新时间: 2026-08-08
摘要: Pre-oxidation has been increasingly applied to enhance coagulation during algae-laden water treatment, yet the transformation behaviors of algal organic matter (AOM) and natural organic matter (NOM) during moderate pre-oxidation of potassium permanganate composite (PPC) to enhance coagulation remain insufficiently understood. In this study, excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy coupled with parallel factor analysis was employed to track source-resolved organic matter transformation, while multiple machine learning (ML) models were developed to predict fate of AOM- and NOM-associated fluorescent fractions. The results confirmed that PPC pre-oxidation dosed within a moderate oxidation regime without inducing algal cell rupture. PPC altered the structure and molecular weight distribution of organic matter, resulting in increased UV254 while exerting limited influence on DOC. Compared to coagulation alone, PPC-enhanced coagulation improved the removal of protein-like fluorescence substances (C2), while the enhancement of humic-like fluorescence substances (C1) representative of terrestrially derived NOM remained limited. Among the evaluated ML models, random forest achieved the best balance between predictive accuracy and robustness, particularly for C2 prediction (R2 = 0.965). The shapely additive explanations analysis further demonstrated that influent organic matter characteristics exerted greater influences on settled water quality than reagent dosages. This study provides an interpretable framework for the intelligent optimization of algae-laden water treatment using pre-oxidation of PPC followed by coagulation.

447. 题目: Temporal dynamics and drivers of soil organic carbon following ecological restoration on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
文章编号: N26080806
期刊: Ecological Indicators
作者: Yifan Shen, Qi Li, Xiangjun Pei, Yixia Yang, Xinzhi Wu, Renjie Wei, Yunxing Xiao, Yuhang Li, Ningfei Lei, Xiaochao Zhang
更新时间: 2026-08-08
摘要: Investigating soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamic and its controlling factors is essential for improving soil carbon sequestration in ecological restoration areas. However, the temporal variations in SOC content and composition in alpine ecological restoration areas remain poorly understood. In this study, soil physicochemical properties (pH, aggregates, total and available nitrogen, total and available phosphorus, and available potassium), enzyme activity (sucrase, cellulase, alkaline protease, and alkaline phosphatase), microbial characteristics, and SOC composition were analysed to investigate the temporal changes in SOC content and its major controlling factors in alpine ecological restoration areas. Results showed that SOC content continuously increased following ecological restoration. Lignin and phenols were more abundant following ecological restoration, whereas the relative abundances of aromatic hydrocarbons, alkanes and alkenes exhibited the opposite trend, indicating a shift from microbially derived to plant-derived SOC inputs following ecological restoration. Soil enzyme activities and microbial community characteristics responded significantly to restoration, and the relative importance of stochastic processes in bacterial community assembly increased with restoration time. Partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) revealed that restoration time was the dominant factor associated with SOC dynamics through both direct and indirect effects mediated by soil properties, SOC composition, and microbial communities. Correlation analysis further identified soil total nitrogen (TN) as the factor most strongly associated with SOC content. These findings provide mechanistic insights into SOC accumulation following restoration and offer a scientific basis for enhancing carbon sequestration in degraded alpine ecosystem.

448. 题目: Molecular characteristics and mechanisms of light-driven synergistic transformation of carbon and phosphorus in lake dissolved organic matter
文章编号: N26080805
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Hongchen Bian, Dianwei Zhang, Wenqiang Zhang, Baoqing Shan
更新时间: 2026-08-08
摘要: Dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP), an important source of internal phosphorus (P) in lakes, is a common component of dissolved organic matter (DOM). Thus, the transformation of DOP is intrinsically coupled with the C cycle. However, the molecular mechanisms of coupled C and P transformation during DOM photodegradation remain unclear. In this study, water samples from Baiyangdian Lake with different trophic statuses were subjected to light irradiation experiments. EEM-PARAFAC, FT-ICR MS, and 31P NMR were combined to characterize DOM optical properties, molecular composition, and phosphorus fractions, respectively. Results showed that light irradiation altered DOM optical properties, with a 21.94% decrease in the humification index (HIX). Molecularly, dearomatization and oxygenative cleavage occurred, leading to decreased unsaturation (DBE-O)/C and increased oxidation state (NOSC), along with reduced lipids and increased tannins. Based on the pooled-sample 31P NMR analysis, phosphate monoesters were the major identifiable DOP fraction exhibiting photochemical transformation. Quenching experiments suggested that triplet-excited DOM (3DOM⁎) played the dominant role in inorganic P release. The extent of DOP phototransformation varied with trophic status, suggesting alkyl chain reorganization and functionalization during phototransformation. Meanwhile, molecular evidence suggested extensive oxygenative cleavage and functionalization of DOM during phototransformation, processes that may facilitate C-O-P bond cleavage. This study provides molecular-level insights into the relationships between DOM phototransformation and DOP transformation, improving our understanding of the potential role of photochemical processes in organic phosphorus cycling in lakes.

449. 题目: Influence of coffee-derived phenolic compounds, initial loading, and biochar on anaerobic digestion of coffee pulp
文章编号: N26080804
期刊: Bioresource Technology
作者: Seleman Mahamoud Said, Parisa Ghofrani-Isfahani, Revocatus Lazaro Machunda, Anthony Manoni Mshandete, Amelia Kajumulo Kivaisi, Irini Angelidaki
更新时间: 2026-08-08
摘要: Coffee pulp (CP), a by-product of wet coffee-cherry processing, contains organic matter suitable for biogas production through anaerobic digestion (AD). However, its high phenolic content may influence methane production. Batch digestion assays using whole CP, individual phenolic compounds [5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA) and caffeic acid (CFA)], and CP phenolic extract were conducted under mesophilic conditions. Co-digestion experiments with Avicel microcrystalline cellulose and ethanol were performed to evaluate phenolic interactions with degradable substrates. Increasing initial loading (2–12 g VS/L) reduced methane yields from CP by approximately 20%, due to substrate overloading and transient volatile fatty acid accumulation, whereas lower loadings (2–4 g VS/L) supported rapid and stable methane production at inoculum-to-substrate ratios ≥ 2.0:1. Both 5-CQA and CFA were anaerobically biodegradable and contributed to methane formation during co-digestion. Ethanol digestion exhibited high tolerance to phenolic compounds, showing additive or synergistic interactions, whereas cellulose digestion was more sensitive, with prolonged lag phases and increasing antagonistic effects, particularly in the presence of CFA. CP phenolic extract produced lower methane yields than comparable systems supplemented with pure 5-CQA, indicating that inhibition resulted from combined effects of multiple phenolic constituents rather than individual compounds. At the tested dosage of 5 g/L, woody green-waste biochar did not improve methane production across the evaluated CP loadings, suggesting that the dominant process constraints were not alleviated under the investigated conditions. Overall, methane production under batch conditions was governed primarily by initial loading, phenolic composition, and substrate type, whereas biochar addition at the tested dosage had no effect.

450. 题目: Long-term adaptation of dark fermentation from food waste to saline marine organic matter
文章编号: N26080803
期刊: Bioresource Technology
作者: Anga Hackula, Jenna Porter, Cheng Li, Stephanie Lansing
更新时间: 2026-08-08
摘要: The growth of marine-based industries has stimulated interest in developing biotechnological pathways to valorize marine organic matter. Dark fermentation is a potential conversion path; however, research on its efficacy under saline conditions is limited. This study investigates the transition of a terrestrial dark fermentation system processing food waste into a saline dark fermentation system processing marine organic matter through 130-day semi-continuous trials. A four-stage transition was adopted for a gradual change from food waste to marine organic matter. The average volatile fatty acids (VFAs) yield from the initial food waste stage was 6.7 g/L at below 8 parts per thousand (ppt) salinity. The highest VFA concentration (12.3 g/L) was observed at 30 ppt salinity. High prominence of acetic acid (>75%) was observed throughout all stages. The transition to marine organic matter, a lower carbon–nitrogen substrate than food waste, resulted in a 3.6-fold increase in total ammoniacal nitrogen, reaching 668 mg/L. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) balance and chemical energy distribution were used to approximate a specific hydrogen yield of the marine organic matter at 19.4 mL H2/g COD. Microbial communities were evaluated at different stages of salinity, highlighting a shift from lactic-acid-associated taxa (Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus spp.) to more diverse communities dominated by the Clostridia and Thermatogae classes, in line with increased acetic acid yields under saline conditions. Saline dark fermentation offers a viable pathway to convert marine organic matter into VFAs and allows for integration with biotechnologies, such as microbial fuel cells.

451. 题目: Interactive effects of biochar and Trichoderma on soil functional properties and suppression of Fusarium culmorum in wheat
文章编号: N26080802
期刊: Applied Soil Ecology
作者: Gözde Çakan, Gökhan Boyno
更新时间: 2026-08-08
摘要: Fusarium culmorum is a major constraint in wheat production, causing significant yield losses and highlighting the need for sustainable disease management strategies. This study evaluated the interactive effects of biochar and Trichoderma on pathogen suppression, soil-functional properties, and plant health. Four Trichoderma isolates were initially screened in vitro against F. culmorum, and the most effective isolate was selected for in vivo experiments. Under controlled conditions, using a sterilized soil–peat–perlite substrate, the individual and combined effects of biochar and Trichoderma were assessed using plant growth, biochemical responses, soil enzyme activities, microbial indicators, and disease severity. In addition, a Soil Functional Index (SFI) was developed to quantify changes in soil functionality and its relationship with disease suppression. The combined application of Trichoderma and biochar significantly enhanced plant growth, antioxidant enzyme activities, and the accumulation of phenolic and flavonoid compounds. Disease severity was reduced by 62.5% under the combined treatment. Soil dehydrogenase, urease, and catalase activities increased by 1.6%, 127.9%, and 33.2%, respectively. In addition, microbial biomass carbon and basal respiration increased by 89.0% and 36.6%, respectively, whereas the metabolic quotient (qCO₂) decreased by 27.6%, indicating improved microbial metabolic efficiency. The highest SFI values were recorded under the combined treatment, and SFI exhibited a strong negative correlation with disease severity (R2 = 0.70). Overall, the biochar–Trichoderma combination improved soil functionality, microbial activity, and plant health while suppressing disease development. However, because the study was conducted under controlled conditions using a sterilized substrate, further validation under natural soil and field conditions is required.

452. 题目: Effects of microbial-derived artificial humic acid on soil organic carbon stability and microbial community fractions under straw return conditions
文章编号: N26080801
期刊: Applied Soil Ecology
作者: Jiaxun Liang, Huaiyuan Teng, Le Liu, Fengjun Yang, Liqin Zhao, Bowen Fan, Jingyi Lan
更新时间: 2026-08-08
摘要: The role of microbial-derived artificial humic acid (MA-HA) in straw return to the field remains unclear. This study examined the effects of MA-HA on soil carbon fractions and microbial community structure under straw-returning conditions through soil microculture experiments. The results demonstrated that the application of MA-HA on day 150 substantially increased the soil mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) content. Specifically, compared to the control, the MAOC content increased by 2.0% in the MA-HA applied alone treatment (SSP) and by 3.8% in the MA-HA combined with tomato straw treatment (STSP), respectively. Besides, according to the Neutral community model indicated that the overall goodness of fit R2 of bacteria and fungi in SSP and STSP treatments with MA-HA addition were lower than that of the CK treatment and tomato straw applied alone treatment (STW), which indicates that deterministic processes primarily governed the assembly of the microbial community upon the introduction of MA-HA. In the Mental test, the addition of MA-HA substantially enhanced the correlation between fungal community, nitrate, ammonium, electrical conductivity, available potassium, available phosphorus and MAOC. Redundancy Analysis demonstrated that the addition of MA-HA substantially reduced the contribution of MAOC to bacterial and fungal communities. The contribution rate of MAOC to the bacterial community decreased from 6.4% to 3.8%, and to the fungal community from 22.4% to 2.9%. This suggests that MA-HA can promote organic carbon sequestration by regulating the fungal community. This study provides a new theoretical basis for exploring the effects of MA-HA co-application on soil carbon cycling under straw-returning conditions.

453. 题目: Evolution of the photosensitized production of singlet oxygen by aqueous extracts of biomass-burning aerosol.
文章编号: N26080705
期刊: Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts
作者: Daniel Bonomo, Ryan C Sullivan
更新时间: 2026-08-07
摘要: Biomass-burning aerosol (BBA) is emitted by combustion through wildfires and prescribed burns. As BBA contains chromophoric brown carbon, this aerosol increases radiative forcing and drives particle-phase photochemistry such as generation of singlet oxygen (1O2) via photosensitization. By generating 1O2, BBA could contribute to oxidation of atmospheric aerosol constituents and facilitate photobleaching of its brown carbon. Little is known regarding the quantum yield for 1O2 production in the aqueous dissolved fraction of BBA, or the variability of 1O2 production between biomass fuel types and other factors. In this study, the quantum yield of 1O2 photosensitization in aqueous BBA extracts during UVA light exposure was determined using the molecular probe furfuryl alcohol. Quantum yields of 1O2 formation ranged from 1.2-3.4%, and BBA generated by wax myrtle was found to have a significantly higher quantum yield than five other biomass fuels, indicating a possible significant dependence on fuel type in some cases. These values lie in a similar range observed for aquatic dissolved organic matter (DOM), where 1O2 production plays an important role in the fate of aquatic contaminants. No dependence on fuel type was observed in measured BBA steady-state 1O2 concentrations or rates of light absorption. The quantum yield of 1O2 was negatively correlated with absorption at 254 and 300 nm, but no other optical index was found to correlate with 1O2 production. Additionally, dynamic changes to the UV-vis absorption spectrum indicated that optical indices used to predict size and aromaticity of aqueous DOM do not apply to BBA extracts. These results emphasize the importance of BBA photosensitization as an aerosol-phase source of 1O2 decoupled from gas-phase atmospheric oxidants. BBA thus plays a role similar to DOM photosensitization in the aqueous environment, despite differences in their formation, chemical composition, and photochemical properties.

454. 题目: Indigenous Bacteria Synergistically Degrade Indigo Dye in Textile Wastewater via Enzymes and EPS
文章编号: N26080704
期刊: Clean - Soil Air Water
作者: Asma Boulehsa, Nadjla Chaib, Zine Eddine Boudjellab, Sidi Mohammed El Amine Abi‐Ayad, Dalel Daâssi, Mohamed Ali Masmoudi, Mohamed Chamkha
更新时间: 2026-08-07
摘要: Textile dye effluents pose a significant environmental concern due to their persistence, toxicity, and limited amenability to conventional treatment processes. Among these, indigo dye, widely used in denim manufacturing, is particularly resistant to degradation and contributes substantially to aquatic pollution. In this study, indigenous bacterial strains isolated from industrial effluents and contaminated soils were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Bacillus thuringiensis , and Bacillus cereus on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Physicochemical analysis of the textile wastewater revealed pronounced alkalinity, high salinity, and a substantial organic load. Under optimized conditions, individual strains achieved up to 97% decolorization within 24 h, whereas the constructed consortium reached 99%, indicating a clear synergistic effect. Spectroscopic analyses (UV–Vis and FTIR), together with liquid chromatography (LC)–mass spectrometry (MS), confirmed the transformation of indigo into more polar metabolites, supporting biodegradation rather than simple adsorption. Mechanistically, dye removal appears to involve a coupled process of enzymatic oxidation (laccase and protease activity) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS)‐mediated bioflocculation. The EPS matrix, dominated by proteins (P/C ≈ 1.98), likely enhanced pollutant capture and improved substrate accessibility, thereby increasing degradation efficiency. Importantly, validation in a 5 L fluidized bed bioreactor using real textile effluent demonstrated the robustness and scalability of the system. Overall, these findings underscore the promise of indigenous microbial consortia as effective, low‐cost, and environmentally sustainable solutions for textile wastewater treatment.

455. 题目: Mo2C-Induced Adsorbed Sulfate Radicals Mitigate Surface Carbon Accumulation and Enhance Pollutant Mineralization
文章编号: N26080703
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Jiayi Wang, Haobo Ma, Jianlong Wang, Zhiyan Liang, Zhuan Chen, Mingyang Xing
更新时间: 2026-08-07
摘要: The design of conventional heterogeneous catalysts for advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) predominantly targets pollutant removal efficiency, often overlooking precise control over oxidation pathways and the crucial capability for complete mineralization. This oversight can lead to the misleading accumulation of degradation intermediates on catalyst surfaces via the organic carbon transfer process (OCTP), rather than their true mineralization. Herein, we constructed an iron-loaded molybdenum carbide catalyst (Fe–Mo2C) and demonstrated its superior performance in the peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation system for the efficient mineralization of organic pollutants, compared to a high-surface-area Fe–Fe3C catalyst. Despite its lower specific surface area (88.9 vs 321.9 m2/g) and adsorption capacity, the Fe–Mo2C/PMS system achieved a chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency of 1.08 mg/L per mg PMS, which is 3.5 times higher than that of the Fe–Fe3C/PMS system (0.309 mg/L per mg PMS). Mechanistic investigations revealed that the Mo2C substrate facilitates the rapid reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+, thereby promoting the generation of surface-adsorbed sulfate radicals (SO4•–). These adsorbed radicals, confirmed through fluoride-ion-mediated desorption experiments and density functional theory calculations, are identified as the key species responsible for deep oxidation while effectively suppressing OCTP. This work challenges the conventional paradigm that prioritizes high surface area in catalyst design and highlights the pivotal role of adsorbed radicals in achieving efficient mineralization, providing a new strategic direction for developing advanced oxidation technologies for sustainable water remediation.

456. 题目: Compost-derived humins for selective heavy metal adsorption: A waste-to-resource green adsorbent for multi-metal remediation
文章编号: N26080702
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Weiye Tao, Yinan Cao, Kangyue Zhang, Bingqi Shen, Hongyu Yang, Yue Zhao, Zimin Wei, Caihong Song
更新时间: 2026-08-07
摘要: Compost-derived humins (HUM), a stable and carbon-rich byproduct of organic waste stabilization, were evaluated as green adsorbent for selective heavy metal removal in multi-metal systems. Moving from single-solute to competitive multi-metal systems, we evaluated HUM performance under increasing complexity to understand competitive adsorption behavior. Kinetic analysis combined with competitive adsorption experiments, revealed that HUM exhibited superior selective affinity for Pb(II) over Cd(II) and Cu(II), maintaining high removal efficiency even in the presence of competing ions. The maximum adsorption capacity for Pb(II) reached 242.41 ± 6.23 mg/g, significantly higher than that for Cu(II) and Cd(II). Advanced spectroscopic characterization (FTIR, XPS) and molecular-level interfacial analysis demonstrated that oxygen-containing functional groups, especially carboxyl and hydroxyl groups, enabled selective Pb(II) adsorption via inner-sphere complexation. Competitive adsorption and ion exchange experiments further confirmed that Pb(II) preferentially occupied binding sites, contributing 65.76% of total adsorption in ternary systems. A preliminary life-cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis revealed that HUM production reduced greenhouse gas emissions by approximately 62% and production costs by approximately 58% compared to commercial activated carbon, supporting its potential as a sustainable alternative for multi-metal remediation. This work not only elucidates the mechanisms of selective metal immobilization by compost-derived HUM but also supports a waste-to-resource strategy.

457. 题目: Contrasting fates of detritus in mangrove sediments: Microbial trade‐offs between carbon storage and greenhouse gas emissions
文章编号: N26080701
期刊: Limnology and Oceanography
作者: Yuxing Hu, Qi Chen, Xiaomeng Wang, Yihua Cai, Guangyi Su, Yunxuan Li, Chen He, Quan Shi, Zekun Zhang, Ding He, Christian Lønborg, Nianzhi Jiao, Qiang Zheng
更新时间: 2026-08-07
摘要: Mangroves are known as important carbon storage hotspots, yet their net climate benefit can be offset by large greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, we conducted a 1‐yr in situ incubation coupled with high‐resolution molecular and microbial analyses to elucidate the fate of two major types of mangrove detritus, including leaves ( Kandelia obovata and Sonneratia apetala ) and macroalgae ( Ulva prolifera ), via microbial metabolism. Approximately 50% of the added organic carbon from both sources was mineralized to CO 2 , while 7.5% (leaves) and 9.7% (macroalgae) were emitted as methane (CH 4 ). Around 33.8% of the leaf‐derived and 2.1% of the macroalgae‐derived organic carbon contributed to longer‐term carbon storage. CH 4 emissions from leaf litter offset approximately 11.1% of the net ecosystem productivity and were positively correlated with molecular formulas assigned to the aliphatic‐like group and with sulfur‐ and phosphorus‐containing molecular formulas. CH 4 production was initially dominated by methylotrophic methanogenesis (mostly Methanolobus ), followed by more diverse pathways associated with Methanosarcina . Our results demonstrate that different types of mangrove detritus have distinct effects on sediment biogeochemistry and greenhouse gas emissions and highlight the need to account for both CO 2 and CH 4 emissions when assessing the climate benefits of mangrove ecosystems.

458. 题目: Season- and phase-associated variation in the molecular composition and redox–photochemical reactivity of dissolved organic matter at paired river and lake sites
文章编号: N26080616
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Xufang Yu, Nennen Zhu, Limeng Shao, Yichun Wang, Wenchao Ji, Cuncun Xu, Tao Cao, Jianzhong Song, Xingjun Fan, Ping’an Peng
更新时间: 2026-08-06
摘要: Dissolved organic matter (DOM) couples electron-transfer and photochemical processes, yet how molecular composition relates to this coupling across hydrological states and water–sediment phases remains poorly resolved. We characterized water and surface-sediment DOM from dry- and wet-season campaigns at paired sites in a sluice-regulated Huai River reach and an urban lake. Optical spectroscopy, ¹H NMR, HPSEC, and FT-ICR MS were integrated with measurements of electron-donating and electron-accepting capacities (EDC and EAC), photochemically produced reactive intermediates (PPRIs), and sulfonamide phototransformation. Aquatic DOM showed stronger aromatic and lignin-like signatures and generally higher steady-state concentrations of 3DOM* and 1O2, whereas sediment DOM contained more assigned formulas, was CHOS-enriched, and exhibited higher EDC and EAC. Steady-state PPRI concentrations and apparent production efficiencies were partly decoupled: wet-season aquatic DOM had more chromophores but lower fTMP and Φ¹O₂, with EDC negatively associated with both metrics. Polyphenol-rich signatures coincided with stronger light absorption but lower PPRI production efficiency, whereas microbial/aliphatic signatures correlated with higher Φ·OH. After light-screening correction, indirect photolysis accounted for 56–69% of sulfamethazine transformation but contributed less to sulfamonomethoxine and sulfamethoxazole; qualitative quenching indicated the strongest triplet-related influence. Overall, DOM redox–photochemical reactivity reflected a phase- and season-associated balance between photosensitization and deactivation/scavenging.

459. 题目: Olefin vs paraffin selectivity: A multivariate analysis of LDPE pyrolysis products over H3PO4, steam and ZnCl2 treated oat husk biochar
文章编号: N26080615
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Abid Farooq, Latif Ullah
更新时间: 2026-08-06
摘要: The catalytic pyrolysis of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) waste into high value hydrocarbons offers a sustainable route for circular polymer economy implementation. This study applies multivariate statistical analysis and mechanistic evaluation to compare the selectivity of H3PO4, steam, and ZnCl2 treated oat husk biochar catalysts in steering LDPE pyrolysis towards olefin rich or paraffin rich products. Gas chromatograph equipped mass spectrometer (GC–MS) data was analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) to identify compositional clustering and catalyst specific signatures. PCA revealed that PC1 accounts for 69.0% of variance and PC1+PC2 for 93.7%, confirming distinct treatment separation in reduced chemical space. Olefinic compounds cluster toward positive PC1 (steam region: 56.3% olefins, 67% enhancement), while saturated alkanes dominate negative PC1 (H3PO4 region: 26.0% olefins, 23% suppression), with ZnCl2 positioned intermediately (50.7% olefins, 50% enhancement). Olefin/paraffin ratios highlighted steam as most selective (O/P = 1.29), ZnCl2 as balanced (1.03), and H3PO4 as paraffin promoting (0.35). ZnCl2 treated biochar combined moderate selectivity and diversity (21 compounds), whereas steam maximized olefin formation and H3PO4 increased compositional complexity. Mechanistically, steam catalysis proceeded via surface mediated dehydrogenation, ZnCl2 promoted Lewis acid driven C–C bond rearrangement and H3PO4 facilitated Brønsted acid catalyzed condensation. These findings established quantitative design criteria for catalyst selection and demonstrated viable pathways for LDPE valorization through selective pyrolysis.

460. 题目: From urban biosolids to biochar and nanobiochar: A scoping review of environmental applications and circular resource recovery
文章编号: N26080614
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Sheila Abreu Mourão, Alexandre Santos Pimenta, José Cola Zanuncio, Fernanda Helfer, Ivan Gratchev, Ruby Naomi Michael
更新时间: 2026-08-06
摘要: Increasing volumes of urban biosolids present environmental challenges and opportunities for resource recovery and the circular bioeconomy. This scoping review synthesises evidence on the conversion of biosolids into biochar and nanobiochar, with emphasis on agronomic performance, environmental risk, techno-economic considerations, and regulatory aspects. Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, 119 peer-reviewed publications from 2010 to 2026, together with selected grey literature, were analysed. Biochar application was generally associated with improved soil physicochemical properties, microbial activity, nutrient retention, and carbon sequestration. Nanobiochar may offer additional benefits because of its higher surface area and reactivity, but its environmental mobility, ecotoxicological behaviour, and long-term field performance remain uncertain. Key implementation challenges include PFAS fate during thermochemical conversion, contaminant redistribution across solid, liquid, and gaseous phases, feedstock variability, production costs, and the absence of harmonised regulatory frameworks for biosolids-derived biochar products. Broader adoption is likely to require long-term field validation, life cycle assessment, standardised characterisation methods, integrated environmental risk assessment, and clearer regulatory pathways.