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21. 题目: Continuously applying kitchen waste fertiliser more strongly promotes microbial-derived carbon accumulation in mineral-associated organic carbon than other fertilisers across the paddy soil profile in the Yangtze River Delta, China
文章编号: N25051309
期刊: Soil and Tillage Research
作者: Jiaqian Gao, Jieming Li, Fan Wang, Ji Li
更新时间: 2025-05-13
摘要: Paddy soil plays a crucial role in terrestrial carbon turnover and climate change. The effects of the continuous application of various fertilisers on soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation and stabilisation across the paddy soil profile remain inadequately understood. This study systematically compared the impact of four consecutive-year application of kitchen waste fertiliser (KWF), chicken manure fertiliser (CMF) and conventional inorganic fertiliser (CF) on total carbon stock and SOC composition at surface (0–20 cm), subsurface (20–40 cm) and deep (40–60 cm) layers of paddy soil in the Yangtze River Delta, China. KWF enhanced surface SOC and soil inorganic carbon (SIC) by 25 % and 19 %, respectively, outperforming other fertilisers in surface SOC and SIC accumulation. KWF also increased SIC throughout the soil profile, thereby substantially improving soil fertility and carbon stock. Both organic fertilisers raised the proportion of particulate organic carbon (POC) but reduced the proportion of mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) at the surface layer, while increasing MAOC content at the surface layer, with the most significant increase observed in KWF treatment. Unlike CMF and CF, KWF induced a marked dominance of microbial-derived carbon in MAOC and in SOC (i.e. MAOC + POC) across the soil profile by more effectively increasing bacterial necromass carbon (BNC), which constituted 72 %, 98 % and 99 % of microbial-derived carbon in MAOC at the surface, subsurface and deep layer, respectively. Furthermore, KWF increased the MAOC proportion and caused microbial-derived carbon (primarily consisting of BNC) to dominate in MAOC and in SOC (i.e. MAOC + POC) at the deep layer, thus facilitating deep-layer SOC stability despite no significant increase in deep-layer SOC content. These findings underscore the unique potential of KWF as a carbon-sequestering fertiliser for SOC accumulation and stabilisation across the paddy soil profile, by enriching recalcitrant microbial-derived carbon in MAOC and SOC, primarily through bacterial turnover pathways. This study has significant implications for optimising fertilisation practices for carbon sequestration to enhance paddy soil fertility and mitigate climate warming in urbanising regions.

22. 题目: Dynamic microbial community assembly and molecular ecological network responses in biological activated carbon filters: effects of algal organic matter exposure and empty bed contact time
文章编号: N25051308
期刊: Environmental Research
作者: Fei Han, Zhiwei Zhou, Chaoran Liu, Zedong Lu, Liping Tian, Xing Li
更新时间: 2025-05-13
摘要: Biological activated carbon (BAC) filtration plays a crucial role in advanced drinking water treatment. Recent researches have shifted from decontamination performance evaluation to process optimization and customization of microbial communities. The responses of microbial communities to seasonal water quality variations caused by algal outbreaks or deaths, and operational conditions of filtration medium and empty bed contact time (EBCT), along with dynamics of assembly processes and molecular ecological networks remain insufficiently understood. Herein, the decontamination performance of four BAC columns packed with varied physicochemical properties of granular activated carbon (GAC), exposed to algal organic matter (AOM) and changes of EBCT was investigated. Microbial diversity, assembly mechanisms, and dynamics of molecular ecological networks were systematically evaluated. Results showed that coal-based BAC exhibited superior decontamination performance under AOM exposure, with average removals of COD_Mn (47.23%), UV₂₅₄ (55.82%), and NH₄⁺-N (65.01%), along with higher microbial diversity and richness than that of wood-based BAC. AOM exposure increased microbial diversity, while shortened EBCT reduced it. Deterministic processes in community assembly intensified under both AOM exposure and a shortened EBCT of 10 min, the proportion were up to 82% and 75%, respectively. AOM exposure increased network scale and complexity, whereas the opposite trend was observed with a shortened EBCT of 10min. Structural equation modeling identified that influent water quality (path coefficient = 1.00) was the dominant driver of microbial diversity, followed by GAC properties (0.30) and EBCT (-0.35). These findings provide insights for microbial community customization and BAC process optimization to control algal-derived organic contamination.

23. 题目: Bimetallic modified sludge biochar for enhanced peroxodisulfate activation and radical induction
文章编号: N25051307
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Hanyu Jin, Zhongxian Song, Yanli Mao, Qun Yan, Haiyan Kang, Pan Chen, Zhenzhen Huang
更新时间: 2025-05-13
摘要: The development of water treatment technologies had been advanced through the induction of directional radical generation. However, despite their promising potential, the uncertain selectivity and structural complexity of these systems have continued to affect the efficiency of pollutant degradation. In this study, peroxodisulfate (PDS) activation and degradation were achieved by combining different bimetallic systems (FeAl, FeNi and FeCu). The results demonstrated that the FeAl-SBC, FeNi-SBC and FeCu-SBC systems achieved degradation rates of over 90 % for tetracycline (TC). And it was confirmed by EPR results that the main contributing radicals in the degradation systems of FeAl-SBC, FeNi-SBC and FeCu-SBC were ¹O₂, O₂•⁻, •OH and SO₄•⁻. Density Functional Theory (DFT) studies revealed that the constructed Fe-O-Al, Fe-O-Ni and Fe-O-Cu structures exhibited energy gaps of 1.069 eV, 0.423 eV and 0.138 eV, respectively. These energy gaps induced distinct electron-rich environments, which played a critical role in generating different radicals. Under the synergistic effects of the bimetallic systems, the Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺ redox cycle was found to promote radical formation. Notably, these systems exhibited a broad scope of application, demonstrating wide adaptability to various organic pollutants and water environments. Based on LC-MS and Fukui function calculations, the degradation pathways of TC were proposed. Overall, these insights significantly enhanced the understanding of bimetallic systems in advanced oxidation processes.

24. 题目: Terracing drives Chinese Loess Plateau toward carbon neutrality: Spatiotemporal interaction between land use transitions and SOC storage
文章编号: N25051306
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Yu Shi, Wei Wei
更新时间: 2025-05-13
摘要: Terracing enhances soil organic carbon (SOC) reserves and stability, serving as a key strategy for climate mitigation while enhancing soil quality and ecosystem functionality. However, the large-scale spatial impacts of long-term terrace modifications on SOC dynamics remain poorly quantified. Focusing on the extensively terraced Loess Plateau, this study investigated the impacts of three decades (1990–2020) of terrace modifications and land use transitions on SOC dynamics. Utilizing spatially explicit terrace distribution maps, multitemporal land use data, and high-resolution soil grids, we systematically evaluated structural changes in terrace systems and subtype conversions, while quantifying terrace-mediated SOC sequestration processes. Over the three decades, terrace coverage increased by 65.09 %, with accelerated expansion rates observed before 2010 particularly in Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Gansu provinces. Cultivated terraces consistently dominated the terrace landscape, followed by grassy terraces. Forest and other terrace types, though maintaining lower proportions, exhibited rapid expansion. Primary terrace sources included sloped cropland, forest, and grassland, with sloped cropland conversions representing the most extensive transformations. Crucially, slope-to-terrace conversion approximately doubled per-unit SOC storage capacity. Conversion of sloping cropland and grassland into terraces emerged as the primary contributors to SOC storage enhancement, with grassland-derived terraces predominantly emerging in Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, and Qinghai, while cropland conversions skewed eastward. While terrace expansion generally enhanced carbon sequestration, we identified localized SOC depletion clusters where land use adjustments reduced terrace vegetation cover. These findings provide actionable insights for optimizing terrace management to maximize SOC sequestration efficiency and inform climate-resilient land management policies.

25. 题目: Simultaneous decomplexation/degradation and metal capture for butyl xanthate-metal complexes by iron-based biochar/sodium percarbonate
文章编号: N25051305
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Zhenhong Huang, Wei Zhang, Hailan Yang, Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi, Peng Zhang, Hongqing Zhu, Zihan Shu, Wangwang Tang, Shengyan Pu, Xiaofei Tan
更新时间: 2025-05-13
摘要: Heavy metals and organic pollutants typically coexist in mining areas. However, their combined pollution impact is frequently overlooked. The existence of butyl xanthate (bux, a widely employed flotation reagent) and heavy metal complexes can affect the pollutant migration, and thus change the potential biological toxicity of the individual. In this study, a new strategy to deal with organic agents and heavy metal co-pollution: an iron-based biochar (FeBC) was constructed to activate sodium percarbonate (Na₂CO₃·1.5H₂O₂, SPC) for efficient decomplexation of bux-metals, degradation of free bux, and adsorption of free metal ions, simultaneously. The decomplexation of different heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn) and xanthate was tested, and Pb was used as an example to further explore the mechanisms of the FeBC/SPC system. Compared with other oxidants (peroxysulphate and H₂O₂), the FeBC/SPC system showed higher efficiency and could treat the released bux and heavy metals without secondary treatment. Fe species were critical for the activation of SPC, and among the generated reactive oxygen species (ROS), CO₃^·−/·OH was corroborated for an indispensable role in the decomplexation. The attack sites of CO₃^·− and ·OH were the S atoms around Pb on bux-Pb, preferentially breaking the Pb-S bond. Then, the free Pb(II) was adsorbed onto FeBC in the Pb-O-Fe structure. Overall, this study proposes a valuable strategy for the remediation of the combined contamination of mineral processing agents and heavy metals and expands the understanding of the decomplexation process and its role in detoxification.

26. 题目: Role of Poultry Manure and Corn Cob Biochar in Reducing Ozone-Induced Damage to Chili Plant (Capsicum annuum L.)
文章编号: N25051304
期刊: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution
作者: Hafiza Umaira Shams, Shahla Nazneen, Sardar Khan, Neelum Ali
更新时间: 2025-05-13
摘要:

This study aims to assess the effect of tropospheric ozone (O₃) on chili (Capsicum annuum L.) yield and nutritional quality using two types of biochar (poultry manure, and corn cob) with 1% and 2% concentrations in the field. O₃ concentration ranged from 5 to 110 ppb, with an average of 43–59 ppb and AOT40 values exceeded by 6 ppm h over a 3-month period. Weekly assessments were carried out for plant height, leaf length, number of leaves, flowers, fruits, chlorophyll and elemental (Na, Fe, Mg, Mn), and enzymatic (Catalase, Flavonoids, Glutathione, Malon De aldehyde, Superoxide dismutase, Phosphoenolpyruvate, Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase) contents. Moisture, ash, protein and nitrogen analysis were conducted for leaves, roots, stems and fruits. Specifically, the number of leaves, leaf length, chlorophyll content, and number of fruits increased by 57%, 50%, 63% and 84.6%, respectively, for poultry manure 2%, followed by poultry manure 1%. Similarly, better elemental results were obtained for root, stem and leaves in the range of 10.3% to 60.2% for poultry manure 2% as compared to other treatments. Similar results were observed for moisture, ash, nitrogen and protein. Enzymatic analysis showed that the control group experienced significantly higher-level oxidative stress as compared to the treated group, however, this varied across different plant parts. The study concludes that tropospheric O₃ poses a threat to the quality and nutritional value of chili. However, biochar, especially poultry manure 2% effectively protects the plant from the detrimental effects of tropospheric O₃.

27. 题目: Valorizing copper-contaminated manure into biochar for tetracycline adsorption: Dynamics and interactions of tetracycline adsorption and copper leaching
文章编号: N25051303
期刊: Waste Management
作者: Haoxiang Xiong, Xiaojing Zhao, Kai Song, Di Gao, Zengling Yang, Lujia Han
更新时间: 2025-05-13
摘要: Valorizing animal manure into biochar for antibiotic removal from farm wastewater represents a “waste-to-waste” recycling approach for farms. The novelty of this study lies in systematically elucidating the dynamics and interactions of tetracycline adsorption and copper leaching under a laboratory-simulated scenario of treating tetracycline (TC)-contaminated farm wastewater treatment using heavy metal-contaminated biochar. In this study, the biochar was produced from cow manure through pyrolysis at 800 °C, with varying amounts of CuCl2 to simulate heavy metal-contaminated cow manure. A series of lab physiochemical measurements, including isothermal, kinetic, and thermodynamic experiments, were conducted to characterize the patterns of TC adsorption, Cu leaching, and their interactions. The results showed that Cu improved TC adsorption capacity by facilitating the diffusion of TC into the interior of the biochar. The observed phenomena of rapid absorption and desorption of TC in the first hour of adsorption dynamics could be caused by interactive surface site competition. The molecular dynamic simulation results using Materials Studio indicated that exogenous Cu decreased the average interaction energy between TC and biochar from −2.07 eV to −1.57 eV, further supporting the aforementioned findings. The revealed complex interaction mechanism between Cu and TC advances our understanding of the removal of organic pollutants from farm wastewater using biochar derived from animal manure.

28. 题目: Exogenous laccase drives synergistic immobilization of heavy metals in agriculture waste and soil composting: Deciphering straw degradation-humification-microbial interactions
文章编号: N25051302
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Hongjuan Jiang, Zhigang Yi, Yaoning Chen, Yuanping Li, Jun Wang, Li Chen, Yihang He, Nan Wang, Qianruyu Wang, Yanrong Chen, Wei Zhang
更新时间: 2025-05-13
摘要: Agricultural waste composting could be useful for remediating soils contaminated by heavy metals (HMs). However, the mechanism of how straw degradation during composting affects HMs immobilization has not been deeply explored. This study intends to decipher the mechanisms underlying the effect of straw degradation and microbial activity on HMs immobilization with the help of the exogenous addition of laccase during composting. The results demonstrated that the exogenous laccase increased straw degradation and humic acid by 6.37 and 1.07 times, respectively, and reduced the bioavailable states of Pb and Cu by 7.18% and 20.57% respectively. Functional groups (alcohols, ethers, quinone, conjugated ketones, aromatic carbon skeleton, phenol in cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) dominated the binding of HMs during straw degradation. The exogenous laccase promoted bacteria (Bacillus, Lactobacillus, and Bifidobacterium) adsorbing and binding HMs, while facilitating straw degradation and humus synthesis via enhancing amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism, contributing to the HMs immobilization by increasing functional groups. This study offers comprehensive information into the mechanisms of HM immobilization by straw biodegradation during agricultural waste composting, contributing to the application of composting for remediating HM-contaminated soils.

29. 题目: Humic acid–anchored hydrochar for enhancing methane production in anaerobic digestion of cow manure
文章编号: N25051301
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Aiyong He, Yang Liu, Chunhui Cao, Qingbo Xiao, Jiaxing Xu, Yanfang Feng, Zhiyang Zhang, Yonglan Xi
更新时间: 2025-05-13
摘要: This study assesses the effectiveness of two hydrochar variants–humic acid–anchored hydrochar and sodium hydroxide–modified hydrochar–in enhancing biogas production from high–solids anaerobic digestion of cow manure. The purpose of humic acid modification is that its abundant oxygen–containing functional groups promote direct interspecies electron transfer and improve microbial efficiency in anaerobic digestion. Humic acid–anchored hydrochar was prepared by anchoring humic acid to hydrochar. To further optimize the electron transfer capacity and structural properties of the hydrochar, the humic acid–anchored hydrochar was subsequently treated with sodium hydroxide to produce sodium hydroxide–modified hydrochar. The alkali modification effectively removes pore impurities and enhances the redox properties of the material, thereby improving the electron exchange between microorganisms. Experiments were conducted in 500 mL anaerobic serum bottles at a total solids content of 10 %. In the control group, high ammonia nitrogen concentrations inhibited methane production, yielding only 49.54 mL/g volatile solids. In contrast, the addition of sodium hydroxide–modified hydrochar increased cumulative methane production by 80.13 %, reaching 112.38 mL/g VS. Additionally, electron transfer system activity and coenzyme F420 levels increased 94.13 % and 96.58 %, respectively. Microbial analysis revealed an enrichment of bacteria involved in direct interspecies electron transfer and an optimized community structure. Correlation analysis demonstrated a significant positive relationship between enhanced interspecies electron transfer capacity and methane production. The incorporation of modified hydrochar enabled the anaerobic digestion system to maintain high methane yields despite elevated ammonia nitrogen levels. These findings offer valuable insights for improving livestock and poultry manure management and advancing environmental protection efforts.

30. 题目: Total nitrogen levels as a key constraint on soil organic carbon stocks across Australian agricultural soils
文章编号: N25051210
期刊: Environmental Research
作者: Huirong Jing, Alexis Pang, Senani Karunaratne, Baobao Pan, Xia Liang, Dorin Gupta, Deli Chen
更新时间: 2025-05-12
摘要: Understanding how pedoclimatic drivers regulate soil organic carbon (SOC) stock is crucial for gaining insights into terrestrial carbon-climate feedback and thus adaptation to climate change. However, current data-driven SOC predictive models often neglect to incorporate total nitrogen (TN) data, thereby constraining our understanding of carbon-nitrogen interactions and their influence on SOC storage mechanisms across large scales. Utilizing an interpretable machine learning technique, we investigate how key drivers (TN, climate, elevation, land use, pH, SiO₂) affect SOC stocks at different soil depths across Australian major agricultural production regions. Incorporating TN into data-based SOC predictive models enhanced the explained variation by approximately 11%. TN was identified as the predominant factor influencing SOC stocks, accounting for over 47% of observed variability across all depths and outweighing climate effects in subsurface soils. Furthermore, we identified depth-specific thresholds of TN levels that constrain SOC accumulation: 1.45 mg/g soil for 0∼10 cm, 0.80 mg/g soil for 10∼20 cm and 0.63 mg/g soil for 20∼30 cm. Projections of SOC stocks under different scenarios suggest that achieving these TN thresholds can promote SOC accumulation and help offset SOC losses associated with a 1°C increase in mean annual temperature. This study underscores TN levels as a key constraint on SOC stocks across Australian agricultural soils, and thus should be explicitly considered when predicting large-sale SOC dynamics and formulating soil carbon sequestration strategies.

31. 题目: Integrated evaluation for advanced removal of nitrate using novel solid carbon biochar/corncob/PHBV composite: Insight into electron transfer and metabolic pathways
文章编号: N25051209
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Tianfu Yang, Xiaofei Gong, Ao Xu, Boyuan Wang, Zheng Huang, Chuchu Wang, Dawen Gao
更新时间: 2025-05-12
摘要: This study developed a novel Biochar/Corncob/PHBV (BCP) composite material, integrating the electron transfer capability of biochar, the cost-effectiveness of corncob, and the sustained carbon release performance of PHBV. The BCP system achieved a maximum nitrate removal efficiency of 97.3 %, significantly outperforming the single PHBV system (91.05 %), while effectively reducing nitrous oxide and other greenhouse gas emissions. It also demonstrated stable carbon release and enhanced electron transfer capabilities, contributing to a more sustainable denitrification process. The physical and chemical characterization of BCP confirmed that its superior performance is attributed to the uniformly distributed functional groups (e.g., CO and -COOH) on the surface and its porous structure, which facilitated electron transfer and microbial adhesion. Metagenomic and microbial analyses further revealed that BCP enriched functional genera such as Cellulomonas and Chryseobacterium and significantly increased the abundance of key functional genes related to nitrate reduction (e.g., NaR and NiR), enhancing organic matter decomposition and microbial nitrogen transformation. Beyond improving nitrate removal efficiency compared to PHBV, the BCP material offers practical engineering value by addressing carbon source limitations in long-term wastewater treatment applications. Its enhanced electron transfer and microbial enrichment suggest strong potential for application in constructed wetlands, biofilters, and other decentralized wastewater treatment systems. The study demonstrates that the BCP composite is not only a viable alternative to traditional PHBV but also a cost-effective and environmentally friendly material with broad applicability in nitrogen pollution control.

32. 题目: Red mud-based magnetic biochar composite as a peroxydisulfate activator for tetracycline degradation
文章编号: N25051208
期刊: Environmental Research
作者: Chao Shen, Xinxin Dong, Jing Yang, Yafei Li, Shihai Cui, Dapeng Zhang, Xiaochen Lin
更新时间: 2025-05-12
摘要: Red mud is the world's most extensively generated waste in the non-ferrous metal industry. Its utilization remains challenging, with disposal primarily relying on storage. Due to its strong alkalinity, it poses significant environmental risks. This study investigated the potential for high-value utilization of red mud-based catalyst, WR800, which was obtained via a one-step calcination method of red mud and wheat straw at high-temperature. The material effectively activated peroxydisulfate and achieved 97.7% degradation of TC (20 mg/L) within 60 min. Singlet oxygen (¹O₂) and hydroxyl radicals (•OH) were identified as the active species. WR800 exhibited well pH adaptability and resilience to common anions, addressing challenges in real-world wastewater treatment. Additionally, the magnetic properties of WR800 facilitated its easy recovery, and it retained the ability to degrade 99.9% of tetracycline even after four regeneration cycles. Turning red mud and wheat straw into a sustainable catalyst provides a low-cost and environmentally friendly solution for treating water polluted with antibiotics and is in line with circular economy principles. This study shows possible potential for industrial use in reducing antibiotic contamination and provides an idea for industrial and agricultural waste disposal.

33. 题目: Nonuniform organic carbon stock loss in soils across disturbed blue carbon ecosystems
文章编号: N25051207
期刊: Nature Communications
作者: Chuancheng Fu, Shannon G Klein, Jessica Breavington, Kah Kheng Lim, Alexandra Steckbauer, Carlos M Duarte
更新时间: 2025-05-12
摘要:

Conserving blue carbon ecosystems (BCEs) has gained international attention in climate change mitigation, reflected in United Nations policies and voluntary carbon-offset projects. These efforts assume significant and uniform losses of soil organic carbon (C_org) throughout the top meter following disturbances, yet this assumption lacks robust empirical support. Here, we synthesized 239 paired observations of intact and disturbed BCEs globally. Soil C_org stock losses in the top meters vary widely: from −68.4% (agricultural conversion, ±13.4%, 95% confidence interval) to +0.8% (harvesting, ±46.2%) in mangroves, −25.9% (climate/hydrological change, ± 30.7%) to +48.6% (grazing, ±78.7%) in saltmarshes, and −34.2% (vegetation cover damage, ±22.4%) to −27.4% (dredging, ±33.6%) in seagrasses. Extensive disturbances deplete C_org down to 50–200 cm, while limited disturbances impact only the top 10–30 cm or resulted in negligible losses. This refinement contributes to improved global inventories of greenhouse gas emissions from BCEs, supporting abatement policy settings for nationally determined contributions commitments.

34. 题目: Waste rice straw biochar recycled concrete: Carbon sequestration, durability and microstructure
文章编号: N25051206
期刊: Journal of Cleaner Production
作者: Xuejin Ying, Xiao Zhao, Mao Ye, Cheng Wang, Baojian Zhan, Jianjun Zhao, Zixin He, Xiaoxiong Nie
更新时间: 2025-05-12
摘要: Adding biochar to recycled concrete (RC) is considered an effective method to enhance carbon sequestration efficiency. This study introduces a sustainable and low-carbon green building material that replaces a portion of cement with waste rice straw biochar (WRSB) in RC and undergoes CO₂ curing. XRD and FTIR indicate that an appropriate amount of biochar can promote CO₂ absorption and accelerate the hydration process. Specifically, adding 5% biochar by weight (WRSB-RC5) results in a carbon sequestration capacity of 24.66 g per kilogram of concrete and a compressive strength of up to 37.74 MPa. Furthermore, due to the rapid accumulation of carbonation products in the pores of biochar and recycled aggregate (RA), the rate of SO₄^2- attack on hydration products is mitigated, and the sulfate resistance coefficient of WRSB-RC5 reaches as high as 90.7%. Additionally, the carbonation products reduce the total volume of capillary pores accessible to water, resulting in a freeze-thaw strength loss rate of only 8.68%. In the early reaction stage, biochar stores additional moisture and adsorbs CO₂, while in the later stage, it releases moisture to accelerate the internal hydration reaction and generate more carbonation products, significantly enhancing carbon sequestration and durability. Therefore, the combination of WRSB and mineral carbonation can serve as an environmentally friendly building material to improve the performance of RC, promote the utilization of construction waste, and enhance carbon sequestration.

35. 题目: Application of a novel photosynthetic microbial fuel cell employing carbonized bamboo monolith as cathode coated with agro-waste biochar to improve overall performance efficacy
文章编号: N25051205
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Swati Das, Rishabh Raj, Makarand M Ghangrekar
更新时间: 2025-05-12
摘要: In recent decades, researchers have paid an increasing attention to self-sustainable and renewable bioenergy production due to the depletion of fossil fuels and the upsurge of other environmental issues. Algae-assisted photosynthetic microbial fuel cell (PMFC) has been developed to produce self-sustainable bioenergy along with sustainable wastewater treatment and recovery of other valuables. Inevitably, the fabrication cost and poor algal biomass productivity due to the usage of metal catalysts and other toxic compounds diminishes field-scale execution of this technology. Hence, organic product like carbonized bamboo was applied directly as an eco-friendly cathode due to its inherent porous structure and economic sustainability. The highest power density of 85.85 mW/m2 was achieved by MFC with a 4 cm × 4 cm of graphitised bamboo monolith as cathode, which was further increased by 7.57 times by applying MnO2-doped activated bamboo-leaf biochar (MABB) coated over bamboo cathode in comparison to carbon felt cathode. Moreover, the highest chemical oxygen demand removal of 84.0 % was demonstrated along with simultaneous algal biomass productivity of 0.56 g/L.d through this system with a bamboo cathode loaded with an MABB catalyst. Further, the estimated cost of MABB-coated bamboo monolith as cathode (4 cm × 4 cm) was estimated to be only INR 2.22 = 0.02 $/cm2 (Conversion factor 80 INR = 1 $). Hence, this simply graphitised nature-derived green cathode proved its ability to ameliorate the overall performance efficacy of PMFC in order to achieve higher power output in a cost-effective way.

36. 题目: Fe-doped tannin-derived biochar inducing radical/nonradical oxidation pathways toward catechol abatement: A strategy of turning waste in leather industry into treasure to drive carbocatalysis-mediated persulfate activation
文章编号: N25051204
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Tengzhou Deng, Xin Cheng, Yuling Tang, Jianfei Zhou, Bi Shi
更新时间: 2025-05-12
摘要: This study demonstrates a strategy for the utilization of waste leather products to prepare biochar-based catalysts incorporated with iron species, termed as Fe-CL/WT@BC, via simple and convenient annealing processes for persulfate (PS) activation to degrade a representative contaminant in chemical industrial production, i.e., catechol. The reactive species, including $\bullet$OH, ${\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}^{\bullet \text{-}}$, ${\text{O}}_{\text{2}}^{\bullet \text{-}}$, and ¹O₂, produced from PS activation were identified to drive radical and nonradical oxidation pathways responsible for the abatement of catechol, during which C=O groups, Fe(II), structural defects, and pyrrolic N on Fe-CL/WT@BC served as the active sites. The PS activation process was initiated by generating ${\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}^{\bullet \text{-}}$ and ${\text{O}}_{\text{2}}^{\bullet \text{-}}$ via the interaction of Fe(II) toward PS and O₂, subsequently producing •OH and ¹O₂, respectively, through reacting with OH⁻. In addition, Fe-CL/WT@BC served as the electron mediator and electron donor to promote the electron transfer and Fe(II)/Fe(III) conversion cycle, enhancing the PS activation to degrade catechol. Catechol underwent ring-opening, dehydrogenation, and addition reactions via three degradation pathways to be decomposed into micromolecular aldehyde and carboxylic acid. The investigation of experimental condition effects provided a guide for controlling operation parameters according to the contaminants in the inlet conditions. Of particular significance is that Fe-CL/WT@BC possessed high stability and reusability to activate PS with strong anti-interference capability toward water matrices, suggesting the high potential of the process for practical water decontamination. This study provides a sustainable approach for the high-value utilization of tannin leather and offers a promising strategy for removing phenolic contaminants from water.

37. 题目: Simultaneous removal of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and resistance genes by biochar hydrogel coated FeMoS activating peroxymonosulfate: Performance and mechanisms
文章编号: N25051203
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Jianzhuo Zhou, Meng Yuan, Xuejiang Wang, Siqing Xia, Jianfu Zhao
更新时间: 2025-05-12
摘要: Antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) persist in the environment and spread through horizontal gene transfer (HGT), attracting increasing attention due to their significant threat to human health. In this work, biochar hydrogel coated Fe-Mo bimetallic sulfide (FeMoS-HC) was prepared and employed for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation to remove ARB and ARGs, and the expression of key genes involved in their removal and HGT was investigated. The results demonstrated that the FeMoS-HC/PMS system achieved complete ARB inactivation within 30 min, with an efficiency of 8.0 log. Furthermore, the system effectively removed both intracellular and extracellular ARGs. Reactive radicals (OH, SO₄⁻ and O₂⁻) in solution and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) disrupted cell membrane structures, proteins, DNA and ARGs. Notably, by 5 min, the horizontal transfer frequency had decreased by over 97% and stabilized. As the reaction progressed, a downregulation in the expression of genes associated with oxidative stress response, cell membrane permeability, energy production and pilus formation were observed, which accelerated ARB inactivation and helped to suppress HGT. This study presents a promising approach for the removal of ARB and ARGs, while also offering an in-depth understanding of the mechanisms underlying the inhibition of HGT.

38. 题目: Enhanced bioavailability of trace elements for improving anaerobic digestion of food waste using sludge extracellular polymeric substances
文章编号: N25051202
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Weixin Zhao, Wei Xia, Yujia Du, Dan Li, Jia You, Qingliang Zhao, Liangliang Wei
更新时间: 2025-05-12
摘要: The addition of chelating agents has been proved to be an effective strategy for enhancing the bioavailability of trace elements (TEs) to improve the anaerobic digestion of food waste. However, commonly used chemical ligands are often non-biodegradable and persistent, potentially leading to prolonged leaching of metal complexes and exacerbating heavy metal pollution. Herein, sludge extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are proposed as biodegradable ligands that form complexes with TEs, thereby enhancing their bioavailability, improving digestion performance, and minimizing environmental risks. Compared to the control, the cumulative methane yield increased by 85.21 % with the addition of 50 % of the optimal dose of TEs and 30 mg/L of the EPS complex, which was slightly higher than the yield achieved with sole optimal TEs concentration. Additionally, the supplementation of EPS-TEs complexes facilitated the conversion of propionic acid into acetic acid, contributing to pH stabilization, mitigating the accumulation of volatile fatty acids, and improving process stability. The addition of EPS significantly enhanced the soluble, acid-soluble, reducible, and oxidizable fractions of TEs, thereby improving their bioavailability. The increased availability of TEs enhanced microbial diversity, favoring the enrichment of acetoclastic methanogens (e.g., Methanothrix and Methanosarcina), accompanied with the increased abundance of genes encoding acetoclastic methanogenic pathway metabolism, and ultimately improved methane production. This research provides a sustainable approach to optimize metal bioavailability for enhancing the efficiency of anaerobic digestion.

39. 题目: Topography mediates contrasting patterns of glomalin-related soil protein and its contribution to soil organic carbon in a tropical montane rainforest
文章编号: N25051201
期刊: Plant and Soil
作者: Zhangqi Ding, Yanpeng Li, Jieyang Liu, Zhijian Mou, Jun Wang, Donghai Wu, Dafeng Hui, Jordi Sardans, Josep Peñuelas, Daniel F Petticord, Han Xu, Zhanfeng Liu
更新时间: 2025-05-12
摘要:

Background and aims

Glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP), is a metabolite exuded by the extraradical hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which enhances soil structure and consequently is often associated with improved fertility in forest soils. This study investigates how topography and local environmental conditions influence GRSP and its ratio with soil organic carbon (GRSP/SOC) to support forest management and carbon stock conservation.

Methods

In a 60-ha Jianfengling tropical montane rainforest plot, we investigated the spatial patterns of GRSP and GRSP/SOC across ridges, slopes, and valleys. Using a Random Forest model that accounted for spatial autocorrelation, we assessed how GRSP and GRSP/SOC varied with respect to topography, plant diversity, and soil physicochemistry.

Results

GRSP and GRSP/SOC exhibited strong spatial autocorrelation, with contrasting topographic trends: GRSP peaked in ridges but was lowest in valleys, whereas GRSP/SOC was highest in valleys. Soil total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and pH were key predictors of GRSP in ridges, while pH was the critical predictor of GRSP/SOC in valleys. Notably, total tree diversity—but not AMF-associated tree abundance or biomass— was significantly correlated with the relative contribution of easily extractable GRSP to SOC.

Conclusions

Topography strongly influences the spatial distribution of GRSP and GRSP/SOC in tropical montane rainforests, with divergent patterns between these metrics. Total tree diversity, rather than AMF tree diversity, better predicts GRSP/SOC variations, evidence of important feedbacks between plant communities and the potential to sequester carbon in soil. These findings highlight the need to integrate landscape heterogeneity and biodiversity into forest carbon management strategies.

40. 题目: Synergistic effect and mechanism analysis of biochar regulator on heavy metal passivation and microplastic degradation in sewage sludge compost
文章编号: N25050912
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Xinwei Sun, Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
更新时间: 2025-05-09
摘要: Heavy metal passivation and microplastic in sludge threatens environment and caused human health risks, and thus necessary to find effective remediation strategies. To solve this issue, the synergistic effect of biochar on pollutants remediation during sludge composting is still not well explored. In this study, different doses of cotton stalk biochar (0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10% CSB; and labeled T1-T5) were applied to sludge composting to investigate the synergistic effect of CSB on pollutants (copper, zinc, and microplastics) and explore the influence mechanism. Results showed that CSB could effectively increase the yield of humic acid (15.85~22.08 g/kg) and reduce the content of extractable copper (59.37~81.10%) and extractable zinc (27.07~51.45%). Among them, T5 was superior in the passivation of heavy metals. In addition, CSB optimized the environmental factors to increase the degradation rate of microplastics by 16.23%~57.86%, exhibiting dose-dependent improvement. The microbiological analysis showed that CSB could decrease the relative abundance of Firmicutes (29.16~59.20%) and increase the relative abundance of Proteobacteria (14.10-33.48%), Actinobacteriota (2.55~46.25%) and Ascomycota (11.36~65.71%) in the high temperature stage of compost. For correlation analysis, T4 and T5 could better enhance the positive correlation between environmental factors and microorganisms. In summary, T5 could minimize the content of heavy metals and microplastics in compost products, and it had the highest level of application value. Hence, this study is of great significance for reducing the pollutant risk of sludge composting.