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21. 题目: Non-Wood-Based Biochar for the Management of Lead (II) Nitrate Contamination and Enhancement of Stress Tolerance in Tobacco
文章编号: N25111306
期刊: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution
作者: Ghulam Murtaza, Qamar uz Zaman, Zeeshan Ahmed, Javed Iqbal, Hossam S El-Beltagi, Khairiah Mubarak Alwutayd, Rashid Iqbal
更新时间: 2025-11-13
摘要: Pot trials were conducted to investigate the impact of biochar application and methods that alleviate Lead (Pb) stress on the growth of tobacco plants. Lead demonstrated an adverse effect on tobacco growth at different post-transplantation intervals, which intensified with increasing soil lead concentrations. The growth index declined by more than 12%, while photosynthetic characteristics and pigments diminished, and activity of antioxidant enzymes increased. The incorporation of biochar successfully alleviated the inhibitory effects of lead (Pb) on plant growth, with the relief being more obvious in plants subjected to higher Pb concentrations. The chlorophyll a, b, as well as carotenoid levels increased by 10.03%, 13.61%, and 11.40%, respectively, with 65-days of transplanting. The photosynthetic attributes indicated a 12.50% increase in stomatal conductance, a 12.01% rise in the net photosynthetic rate, and a reduction in Ci concentration to 0.89. Following the treatments, the malondialdehyde levels, and activity of antioxidant enzyme such as superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase exhibited increases of 13.01%, 11.21%, 11.04%, and 7.59%, respectively, after biochar application. Our research demonstrates that biochar containing functional groups can effectively reduce Pb toxicity by improving immobilization or adsorption of Pb in the soil, thereby significantly lowering Pb concentration in leaves and providing a theoretical basis and methodology for addressing soil Pb contamination and promoting soil remediation.

22. 题目: Functional groups as functional drivers: structure–activity relationships in humic substances for medical applications
文章编号: N25111305
期刊: Environmental Geochemistry and Health
作者: Pengfei Xin, Qingmei Liu, Kuanshou Zhang, Caifeng Zhang
更新时间: 2025-11-13
摘要: Humic substances (HSs) have long been used in traditional medicine, but their translation into modern therapeutics has been limited by a lack of mechanistic understanding of their structure-activity relationships. This study combines bibliometric analysis of 1860 Web of Science publications (2000-2025) with a critical review to address this gap. The inclusion of 17 articles from 2025 did not alter the overall trend analysis. Bibliometric analysis reveals a pronounced disciplinary imbalance, with Environmental Sciences dominating the literature (480/1860) compared to Pharmacology & Pharmacy (48/1860). Research focus has shifted from adsorption processes (2006-2010) to HS-based nanocarriers and photothermal therapy (2016-2025). However, despite growing interest in biomedical functionalities, only a limited number of studies have progressed to preclinical validation. The integrated critical review identifies specific functional groups in HSs as key determinants of biological activity, including: (1) carboxylic and phenolic hydroxyl groups enable pH-responsive drug delivery and chelation of heavy metals; (2) quinone moieties regulate redox homeostasis via reactive oxygen species scavenging and electron transfer modulation, underpinning anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial effects; (3) amphiphilic architectures, comprising hydrophobic aromatic cores and hydrophilic groups, enhance solubility and intestinal permeability of poorly bioavailable drugs; (4) aromatic ring systems facilitate non-specific binding to enzymes and signaling proteins, inhibiting pro-tumorigenic pathways and attenuating inflammatory cascades. Methodological limitations include reliance on a single database and inconsistent HS characterization. Future research should prioritize standardized HS purification, clinical trials of HS-based formulations, and concerted interdisciplinary effort to bridge the gaps between structural characterization and translational applications.

23. 题目: Effect of Microplastics on Cu2+ Adsorption by β-cyclodextrin Modified Biochar
文章编号: N25111304
期刊: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution
作者: Hua Tong, Xiangyi Gong, Fengying Wu, Hao Li, Dajun Ren
更新时间: 2025-11-13
摘要: The pervasive co-existence of microplastics with other pollutants complicates the efficacy of adsorbents in water remediation. This study, therefore, investigates the under-explored impact of polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PS) microplastics on the adsorption of Cu2+ by a novel β-cyclodextrin modified biochar (β-BC). Results revealed a significant inhibition of Cu2+ removal in the presence of both microplastics, with the Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity decreasing from 38.12 mg/g for β-BC alone to 33.03 mg/g with PP and 29.07 mg/g with PS. The stronger inhibition by PS is attributed to surface site coverage via π-π stacking interactions, whereas PP's interference stems primarily from physical pore blockage. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect was pH-dependent, while high salinity or humic acid concentrations unexpectedly promoted the overall Cu2+ uptake, highlighting the complex role of environmental factors. This work underscores the critical need to consider microplastic interference when evaluating adsorbents for real-world environmental applications.

24. 题目: Fe/S co-doped biochar catalysts for enhanced peroxymonosulfate activation: Synergistic effects of catalysis and anti-deactivation on antibiotic degradation
文章编号: N25111303
期刊: Journal of Cleaner Production
作者: Wangbo Wang, Qiyu Shi, Ting Wu, Shengsuo Zheng, Ziyue Xu, Weihuang Zhu
更新时间: 2025-11-13
摘要: Biochar is widely employed as a peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activator for pollutants removal but often suffers from limited catalytic capability and rapid deactivation. To overcome these limitations, we synthesized an Fe/S co-doped biochar catalyst (FeS@BC800) via hydrothermal-alkali treatment of coffee residues. FeS@BC800 exhibited a 39 % improvement in tetracycline (TC) removal efficiency and a 4.48-fold increase in kinetic rate constants (k) compared to those of the pristine biochar in PMS-activation reaction systems. The enhanced PMS activation performance was attributed to the active sites in FeS, carbon defects, and oxygen vacancies (Ov), and the improved capacitance and current response facilitated rapid electron transfer. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy test identified hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and singlet oxygen (1O2) as the dominant reactive oxygen species (ROS), with 1O2 generation occurring through •OH disproportionation and SO4•- hydrolysis. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicated that Fe/S co-doping significantly enhanced the PMS adsorption energy, elongated the O-O bond, and improved electron transfer efficiency, thereby boosting PMS activation performance. Furthermore, Gibbs free energy calculations confirmed that the generation of •OH (−0.085 eV) was more thermodynamically favorable than that of 1O2 (−0.067 eV). Additionally, adsorption energy analyses demonstrated the effective anti-deactivation ability of FeS@BC800. Fukui function analysis identified electrophilic/nucleophilic sites, and TC detoxification was validated through ecotoxicity modeling and wheat germination assays. This study introduces a sustainable biochar-based catalyst with enhanced PMS activation performance and anti-deactivation, advancing efficient waste water purification technologies.

25. 题目: Exploring soil organic carbon dynamics based on climatic change in the Central Black Sea Region through machine learning algorithms and future scenarios.
文章编号: N25111302
期刊: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
作者: Aykut Çağlar, Pelin Alaboz, Orhan Dengiz
更新时间: 2025-11-13
摘要: Recent studies have been conducted to mitigate the effects of global climate change by re-sequestering carbon released into the atmosphere into the soil and increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) levels. The present study analyses the organic carbon content of soil samples collected in different periods (2005 (I. Period) and 2022 (II. Period)) within the Central Black Sea climate zone. Climate parameters Mean Annual Precipitation (MAP) and Mean Annual Temperature (MAT) and climate indices (Emberger Pluviothermic Ratio (QE), UNEP-UNCCD Aridity Index (AI), De Martonne Drought Index (IDM), Fournier Climate Aggressiveness Index (MFI), and Bagnouls-Gaussen Drought Index (BGI)) were used in the analysis. Projections for the III. period (2034) were estimated using the Time Series SARIMA model. Additionally, this study aimed to evaluate the predictability of SOC content in the future period (III) using various machine learning algorithms, including Multivariate Linear Regression (MLR), Support Vector Machine Regression (SVR), Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Random Forest Regression (RF), and XGBoost Regression. According to the SARIMA time series model, the RMSE values obtained for the prediction of mean precipitation and temperature ranged between 1.377-1.817 mm and 23.595-58.039 °C, respectively. Among the machine learning models, the lowest error rate in predicting the SOC content for 2034 was achieved with the RF algorithm (RMSE: 0.39, MAE: 0.28, R2: 0.61), and IDM was identified as the most influential parameter in the prediction. The predicted SOC values for 2034 were found to be lower levels (1.46-1.95%) compared to previous periods. The SARIMA model projected an increase of approximately 1-1.5 °C in future temperature values, while precipitation was expected to decrease. The aridity index indicated that regions previously not at risk of desertification during periods I and II were projected to become more susceptible to desertification by 2034.

26. 题目: Biochar and nano-hydroxyapatite as green adsorbent: synergistic effect in remediating copper-contaminated water and soil.
文章编号: N25111301
期刊: Environmental Science and Pollution Research
作者: Noor Sharina Mohd Rosli, Rosazlin Abdullah, Jamilah Syafawati Yaacob, Fathiah Mohamed Zuki, Muhammad Irfan Khairul Anuar, Zhi Qi Lim
更新时间: 2025-11-13
摘要: Copper (Cu) contamination in water and soil seriously threatens environmental and human health. This study evaluates the synergistic effect of palm kernel shell biochar (PKB) and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) as green adsorbents for Cu remediation. Materials were characterized using SEM, XRD, FTIR, and BET analysis. An adsorption study was evaluated using the batch method, and soil incubation experiments were conducted to determine the soil's physicochemical properties, Cu bioavailability, Cu fractionation in soil, and corn seed germination. PKB exhibited a higher surface area (158.44 m2/g) compared to nHAp (52.65 m2/g), while nHAp showed larger pore volume (0.26 cm3/g) and pore size (19.63 nm). Batch adsorption experiments demonstrated that the Langmuir isotherm model best fit the data (R2 > 0.95), indicating monolayer adsorption. The combined adsorbent (CBnHAp at 2.2 g) achieved the highest maximum adsorption capacity (qmax = 3.49 mg/g). In a 6-week soil incubation experiment, CBnHAp (T5) significantly increased soil pH from 5.30 to 6.30 and enhanced soil organic matter (SOM) content to 7.75%. This treatment reduced the available Cu concentration from 166.38 mg/kg to as low as 29.93 mg/kg, achieving up to 74.0% reduction in Cu bioavailability. Sequential extraction revealed that CBnHAp shifted Cu from the more bioavailable fractions (F1 and F2) to less mobile fractions (F3 and F4). Furthermore, a corn seed germination bioassay demonstrated that CBnHAp (T5) improved germination rates by up to 73.00%, with significant increases in root and shoot growth compared to the control. This study demonstrates that CBnHAp is a highly effective, sustainable, and eco-friendly approach for remediating Cu-contaminated environments, offering a promising solution for water and soil decontamination.

27. 题目: Sustainable Synthesis of Artificial Humic Substances from Bamboo Powder by FeCl3-Catalyzed Low-Temperature Pyrolysis for Cadmium Contaminated Soil Remediation and Carbon Sequestration
文章编号: N25111222
期刊: Environmental Research
作者: Dehui Kong, Gan Wang, Jiliang Zheng, Xueying Zhao, Lijuan Zhang, Bekchanov Davronbek, Haixin Wu, Juanjuan Wan, Xintai Su
更新时间: 2025-11-12
摘要: In this study, a green method for synthesising artificial humus (A-HS) from bamboo powder (BP) by FeCl₃-catalysed low-temperature pyrolysis (200 - 300 °C) under alkaline conditions was proposed. Under optimal conditions (250 °C, 1.0 wt% Fe), the yields of artificial humic acid (A-HA) and fulvic acid (A-FA) reached 18.80 ± 1.61 wt% and 25.96 ± 1.24 wt%, respectively. Py-GC/MS and ¹³C NMR analyses confirmed that FeCl₃ and KOH synergistically promoted deoxygenation, decarbonylation, hydroxylation/ketonization, and the Maillard reaction. The synthesized A-HA demonstrated highly oxidized aromatic structures with abundant carbonyl (‒COOH, 6.29%) and phenolic (‒OH, 4.88%) functional groups. The present study showed that the remediation of cadmium-contaminated soil by A-HS synthesised through the synergistic catalysis of FeCl₃ and KOH was significantly better than that of the single catalytic system. Cadmium (Cd) fixation by HS-BP&Fe&KOH restorer reached 51% and Cd accumulation in bok choy was reduced by 64%. Furthermore, the soil microbial community structure was significantly restructured, with increased relative abundances of Cd-immobilizing Pseudomonas and Bacillus, accompanied by enhanced functional activities in nitrogen and phosphorus cycling. Simultaneously, the synthesis and soil application of HS-BP&Fe&KOH achieved > 60% carbon sequestration efficiency, establishing a sustainable pathway toward synergistic soil remediation and carbon neutrality objectives.

28. 题目: Effects of organic fertilizer and iron-oxidizing bacteria on arsenic mobility and soil organic carbon properties in calcareous soil
文章编号: N25111221
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Xiang Ning, Liang He, Song Long, Shengli Wang
更新时间: 2025-11-12
摘要: Arsenic (As) pollution in crops has posed a serious threat to the quality and safety of food and feed. Some bacteria with biomineralization functions can effectively reduce the bioavailability of As in the soil. However, the mechanisms of soil properties change during remediation process is not clear. In this study, iron-oxidizing bacteria (FeOB) combined with organic fertilizer were used to repair As pollution in sewage irrigated farmland near a mining area. We systematically studied the effects of organic manure and FeOB on the soil microbial community, detected the changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) components, and determined the driving factors. The results show that rapid interactions between iron oxides and As may accelerate the transformation from unstable phase to stable phases, thus increasing the proportion of stable phases. In addition, the combination of bacteria and organic fertilizer significantly reduced the richness and diversity of soil bacteria (p<0.05). This decrease is mainly caused by changes in soil properties, including pH value, nitrate nitrogen and carbon composition. With organic fertilizer treatment, the proportion of mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) in total SOC increased significantly, averaging 63%. In contrast, the proportion of MAOC in the combination of bacteria and organic fertilizer decreased to 48.5%. Compared with the control, carbon dioxide emissions of organic fertilizer treatment was reduced by 52%. It is worth noting that when the formation rates of particulate organic carbon (POC) and MAOC are similar, or when POC is dominant, MAOC tends to retain more bioavailable As, which is closely related to the crystallinity and phase transformation of iron. In summary, FeOB and organic fertilizer can effectively reduce the bioavailability of As in soil and change the microbial community structure and carbon composition by regulating nutrient supply. This discovery challenges the traditional linear view of microbial remediation, and emphasizes that the synergistic effects of as passivation and SOC management should be considered in contaminated soil remediation.

29. 题目: Dissolved organic matter-metal interactions in industrial soils: Insights from integrated spectroscopic analyses
文章编号: N25111220
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Lina Wang, Tuozheng Wu, Yan Zhou, Shunyang Wang, Lingya Kong, Jing Hua, Jing Wei
更新时间: 2025-11-12
摘要: Soil heavy metals behavior is substantially influenced by their interaction with dissolved organic matter (DOM). Here, the different spectral characteristics of soil DOM in typical industrial agglomeration, and binding characteristics of copper (Cu) and its co-occurring lanthanide europium (Eu) with DOM were investigated by multi-spectroscopic techniques. Excitation-emission matrix combined parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC) identified four primary soil DOM. In-situ scanning transmission soft X-ray microscopy (STXM) imaging offered a microscopic characterization of the co-precipitation of Cu and Eu on DOM. Fluorescence titration shows that Cu(Ⅱ) created more stable complexes with DOM, with higher conditional stability constants (log K_M = 5.53–5.60) compared to Eu(Ⅲ) (log K_M = 4.87–4.92), likely because of stronger site-specific interactions. In contrast, ligand concentrations of DOM-Eu(Ⅲ) were about 8-10 times those of DOM-Cu(Ⅱ), mainly due to non-specific binding. Finally, 2D-FTIR-COS analysis revealed that both Cu(Ⅱ) and Eu(Ⅲ) interacted with similar functional groups in the soil DOM, especially carboxylic O–H and phenolic C–O, although Cu(Ⅱ) showed a stronger connection with these groups. This research highlights the key properties of soil DOM and their binding behaviors with Cu(Ⅱ) and Eu(Ⅲ) at the molecular level, providing insights for predicting the environmental behavior of heavy metals in industrial contaminated soils, and providing a scientific basis for the remediation of Cu-contaminated soils and resource recovery strategies for rare earth elements such as Eu.

30. 题目: Delicately-controlled nitrogen species in porous biochar via microwave-coordinated phosphorus doping for enhancing CO2 capture: Active sites tuning and synergistic mechanism analysis
文章编号: N25111219
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Juan Luo, Huimin Huang, Shichang Sun, Rui Ma
更新时间: 2025-11-12
摘要: Heteroatom modification has been demonstrated to be effective in enhancing the CO₂ capture performance of biochar-based adsorbents. It was crucial to increase the heteroatom doping content and directionally modulate the formation of highly active sites. In this work, the preparation of N and P diatomic porous biochar (NPBC) was realized by microwave-coordinated P doping of N-rich biochar. The porous structure was optimized, the heteroatom content was increased, and the type and content of N species in NPBC were successfully modulated. Microwave-coordinated P doping promoted N doping and provided more active sites (N, P species) by providing more open defects and edge sites. Microwave irradiation promoted the formation of Pyrrolic-N by enhancing the distortion of the carbon matrix by promoting dipole polarization of the heteroatom centers. The generation of highly active sites and the synergistic effect between N and P co-doping enhanced the interactions and electron transfer between NPBC and CO₂ to obtain good CO₂ capture performances. At 0 °C and 1 bar, NPBC-1.0–700 exhibited a CO₂ uptake capacity of 6.46 mol/kg, a CO₂/N₂ selectivity of 59.54, and a cycling stability of 98.76 % over ten cycles. This study proposed novel insights for directional tuning of high-performance carbon-based materials and revealed the synergistic mechanism of heteroatom doping to enhance CO₂ capture performance.

31. 题目: Synergistic Se/S functionalization of biochar for effective immobilization of multi-target heavy metals in water and soil
文章编号: N25111218
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Penghui Guo, Zhaoshuang Li, Jinlin Luo, Xu Xu, He Liu, Yini Cao, Yuanfeng Wei, Zhexuan Liu, Yan Qing, Yiqiang Wu
更新时间: 2025-11-12
摘要: Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) contaminate aquatic environments and soil systems, threatening ecosystems and human health via bioaccumulation, while current remediation materials are often limited by insufficient adsorption capacity and restriction to a single medium. To address these challenges, a novel almond shell biochar co-functionalized with L-cysteine (L-Cys) and selenium (Se) was prepared (L-SeBC). This synergistic integration endows L-SeBC with abundant active sites for effective remediation. Adsorption thermodynamics demonstrated the maximum of 147.7 mg/g (Cd²⁺) and 203.4 mg/g (Pb²⁺). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicated that the enhanced adsorption occurred via chemisorption-physisorption synergy. In soil remediation experiments (5% w/w L-SeBC application), the available Cd and Pb decreased by 45.1% and 52.1%. The addition of L-SeBC promoted soybean growth in contaminated soil, and reduced Cd and Pb contents in leaves (by 55.6% and 68.9%) and roots (by 28.6% and 29.0%). Furthermore, L-SeBC increased the activities of plant enzymes and soil enzymes, enhancing nutrient cycling and stress resistance of plants. Microbial analysis revealed that L-SeBC reshaped the soil microbiome by enriching functional genera (e.g., Pseudomonas spp.). Overall, the waste-derived, multifunctional adsorbent L-SeBC is cost-effective and eco-friendly, enables multi-scenario remediation, and exhibits great practical potential in sustainable pollution control.

32. 题目: Enhanced removal of urinary antibiotics via synergistic adsorption-catalysis by phosphorus-modified biochar-MoS₂/alginate hydrogel beads
文章编号: N25111217
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Xiaoyi Xu, Tianzuo Cheng, Bin Wang, Jinlong Zhuang, Tianyin Huang, Bingdang Wu
更新时间: 2025-11-12
摘要: In response to ecological risks posed by antibiotic residues in urine resource utilization, this study innovatively developed phosphorus-modified Phragmites biochar-molybdenum disulfide/alginate composite hydrogel beads (MPBC) for synergistic adsorption and catalytic degradation of typical antibiotics diclofenac (DCF) and oxytetracycline (OTC). Orthogonal optimization yielded MPBC with a hierarchical mesoporous structure (348.66 m²/g specific surface area) and abundant phosphorus-containing groups (O-P, C-P-O), achieving adsorption capacities of 64.23 mg/g (DCF) and 58.74 mg/g (OTC)—3–10 times higher than commercial coconut biochar hydrogel beads. Mechanistic analysis revealed hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking, and O-P group interactions as dominant adsorption drivers, supported by DFT calculations showing enhanced interfacial binding energy (−48.41 kJ/mol). MPBC activated persulfate (PMS) for in-situ regeneration, achieving >92% degradation within 1 hour (15 mM PMS), primarily via non-radical pathways (·O₂⁻ and ¹O₂). Continuous flow experiments demonstrated stable operation for >1500 bed volumes, with >84% adsorption capacity retention after three regeneration cycles. Notably, MPBC selectively retained >96% of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients in urine. This work provides a dual-functional material design strategy for high-efficiency antibiotic removal, recyclability, and nutrient recovery in urine resource utilization.

33. 题目: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and glomalin mediate the effects of microplastics on soil carbon storage
文章编号: N25111216
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Kai Ning, Lei Zhang, Zhanfeng Liu, Hongxiao Liu, Min Jiao, Hansong Chen, Heqing Liu, Chengzhi Yuan, Luping Huang, Shuguang Jian
更新时间: 2025-11-12
摘要: Microplastics are increasingly recognized as critical drivers of perturbations in biogeochemical cycles, particularly in modulating the storage and release of soil organic carbon (SOC). However, the mechanisms by which microplastics influence microbial-derived carbon remain poorly understood. In this study, we conducted a controlled pot experiment to investigate the effects of nondegradable and biodegradable microplastics on glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP), microbial necromass carbon (MNC), and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) community. Biodegradable microplastics increased SOC by an average of 33.09 %, while nondegradable microplastics increased it by 19.45 %. Microplastics altered the structure of bacterial and AMF communities, enhanced the stability of their co-occurrence networks, and highlighted the central roles of Proteobacteria, Glomus, and Paraglomus, which thereby influenced MNC and GRSP dynamics. A random forest model indicated that microplastics primarily affected SOC sequestration through GRSP, rather than through MNC. These findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms of microplastic-mediated microbial carbon cycling and underscore the critical role of AMF-derived GRSP in maintaining soil carbon stability. Our study advances the understanding of microbial contributions to soil carbon dynamics under microplastic stress and offers valuable perspectives for assessing the ecological risks of soil microplastic pollution.

34. 题目: Spatial heterogeneity of dissolved organic matter in vegetation-restored gully systems as shaped by coupled erosional and ecological processes
文章编号: N25111215
期刊: Catena
作者: Jun-jie Zhang, Hao Wang, Dong-xu Wu, Qing-wei Zhang, Jian Wang, Ming Li
更新时间: 2025-11-12
摘要: In drylands, gully systems serve as critical zones where vegetation restoration can shape the dynamics of dissolved organic matter (DOM), thereby regulating carbon cycling and ecosystem functioning. However, few studies have addressed this issue. Therefore, the spatial differentiation patterns of soil DOM in gully systems were clarified by the ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy and fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy coupled with parallel factor analysis in a typical semiarid region. Overall, the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content (76.80 mg kg−1) of the top layer (TL, 0–2 cm) was 1.3 and 1.9 times higher than the middle layer (ML, 3–20 cm) and the bottom layer (BL, 21–50 cm) within the gully system floor (GSF). Humic-like components (plant-derived macromolecules) predominated in the TL of the GSF (65.8 %), whereas protein-like components (microbial metabolites) accounted for a higher proportion in the BL (62.1 %). Sharp shifts in DOM concentration and composition were commonly observed at the head of permanent gully situated along the GSF within the gully systems. DOM composition was also varied significantly with landscape position (i.e., catchment area, GSF, and gully system bank (GSB)). The humic-like content in the TL of the catchment area was 13 % and 14 % higher than in the GSF and GSB, respectively. The variation of DOM in the gully systems was driven by soil erosion–induced geomorphic alterations and their impacts on the distribution of surface characteristics (e.g., biocrusts properties and plant litter and root densities). This study provides a spatially optimized and ecologically grounded strategy for enhancing carbon sequestration in semiarid environments.

35. 题目: Paleoenvironmental changes and their controls on organic matter accumulation during the Late Cryogenian: New elemental insights from the Tiesiao and Datangpo formations, Nanhua Basin, South China
文章编号: N25111214
期刊: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
作者: Wenpu Zhao, Yifan Li, Gary Lash, Tailiang Fan, Tan Zhang
更新时间: 2025-11-12
摘要: Paleoenvironmental evolution and its influence on organic matter (OM) accumulation following the Cryogenian Sturtian glaciation in South China remain debated. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of geochemical data from six lithofacies spanning the Tiesiao (TSA) and overlying Datangpo (DTP) formations, Nanhua Basin, South China. The glacial-period TSA Formation consists of gray silty shale and black shale, whereas the non-glacial DTP Formation includes, in ascending order, DTP1 manganiferous shale and carbonate, DTP2 black shale, and DTP3 gray shale. Documentation of the evolution of paleoenvironmental factors spanning the studied stratigraphic succession has elucidated their intrinsic linkage to OM enrichment. OM accumulation in the TSA Formation was primarily influenced by climate warming and hydrothermal activities. OM enrichment of the DTP1 Member was favored by the ferruginous and euxinic nature of the water column. Moreover, manganiferous carbonate sediments accumulated amid markedly enhanced primary productivity, whereas manganiferous shale deposition coincided with diminished primary productivity. However, OM consumption during Mn-oxide reduction associated with diagenesis resulted in similar TOC contents between manganiferous carbonate and shale. The existence of euxinic conditions contemporaneous with the accumulation of the DTP2 Member fostered the effective preservation of OM making this unit the most organic-rich of the studied succession. The paucity of OM in gray shale of the DTP3 Member likely reflects gradual water column oxygenation at this time. The accumulation of OM in both the TSA and DTP formations was driven by dynamically shifting environmental conditions, offering a novel framework for understanding post-glacial carbon sequestration mechanisms.

36. 题目: Assessment of Climate Change Impacts on Photolysis of Emerging Contaminant Coctail in Aquatic Media: The Interactive Influence of Organic Matter and Temperature
文章编号: N25111213
期刊: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution
作者: Lama Ramadan, Irem Ozturk-Ufuk, Huseyin Cengiz Yatmaz, Ebubekir Yuksel, Emel Topuz
更新时间: 2025-11-12
摘要: The photodegradation of emerging contaminants (ECs) in aquatic environments is influenced by multiple interacting factors, including mixture effects, surface water composition, organic matter (OM) content, and temperature. This study examined the photolysis behavior of diclofenac (DCF), 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2), diuron, ciprofloxacin (CIP), and terbutryn under UV-A irradiation. Results show that mixture interactions inhibit photodegradation due to competitive light absorption, while surface water constituents, such as nitrates and dissolved organic matter (DOM), enhance degradation through reactive species formation. Surface water constituents, such as nitrates and DOM, enhanced degradation, reducing the half-life of EE2 from 46 to 28 min and DCF from 187 to 64 min, while OM content exhibited a dual role: at low concentrations, it promoted photodegradation, but at higher concentrations, it exerted a photoshielding effect, reducing light availability. Temperature effects were dependent on water composition—higher temperatures (35 °C) accelerated photodegradation in distilled water but inhibited it in surface water due to altered indirect photolysis pathways. Notably, terbutryn, exhibited increased degradation at higher temperatures in OM-rich conditions, suggesting temperature-driven desorption from OM surface. These findings highlight the complexity of ECs degradation in natural waters and emphasize the need for site-specific assessments to accurately predict contaminant fate in different aquatic environmental matrices.

37. 题目: Unraveling the Divergent Contributions of Plant‐ and Microbial‐Derived Carbon to Soil Organic Carbon During Subtropical Vegetation Restoration
文章编号: N25111212
期刊: Land Degradation & Development
作者: Rui Zhang, Jiao Wan, Wenhua Xiang, Xi Fang, Xiangwen Deng, Liang Chen, Pifeng Lei, Yeilin Zeng, Yanting Hu, Huili Wu, Baoan Hu, Shuai Ouyang
更新时间: 2025-11-12
摘要: Soil organic carbon (SOC) pool substantially relies on the sequestration of plant‐derived carbon (C) (indicated by lignin) and microbe‐derived C (indicated by microbial necromass and glomalin‐related soil proteins [GRSPs]). However, how their contributions to SOC accumulation change with vegetation restoration and the underlying regulators remain unclear. We selected five stages of subtropical vegetation restoration (grassland, shrubland, early forest, middle forest, and late forest) to investigate the dynamics of lignin, microbial necromass, and GRSPs, as well as distinguishing their divergent contributions to SOC. We found that microbial necromass, GRSPs, and lignin increased with vegetation restoration, and their accumulation was primarily attributed to changes in soil fertility and microbial activity. Acid phosphatase (AP) activity, SOC, and microbial biomass C (MBC) were identified as the primary factors influencing plant lignin accumulation. The accumulation of microbial necromass primarily depended on MBC, SOC, total nitrogen, and AP activity. For GRSPs accumulation, SOC, AP, and β ‐1,4‐N‐acetylglucosaminidase activity were identified as the dominant factors. The contribution of microbial necromass C to SOC was more than plant‐derived C and GRSP‐C. Fungal necromass C consistently played a more significant role in SOC accumulation than bacterial necromass C. Overall, vegetation restoration enhanced the accumulation of plant‐ and microbial‐derived C. Our results are essential for elucidating the mechanisms controlling soil C accumulation during vegetation restoration and providing valuable insights for effectively managing and enhancing soil C stocks across different vegetation types under climate change.

38. 题目: Marine Bacterioplankton Composition Predicts Oxygen Consumption During Dissolved Organic Matter Degradation Experiments
文章编号: N25111211
期刊: Environmental Microbiology
作者: Cecilia Alonso, Juan Zanetti, Luciana Griffero, Emiliano Pereira‐Flores, Belén González, Carolina Lescano, Andrés Pérez‐Parada, Carolina Crisci, Rudolf Amann
更新时间: 2025-11-12
摘要: Microbial communities play pivotal roles in ocean biogeochemistry, yet linking their composition to ecosystem functions remains a significant challenge. In this study, we demonstrate the predictive power of bacterioplankton taxonomic composition in explaining oxygen consumption during dissolved organic matter (DOM) degradation. Using 4 years of experimental data, we integrated ‘omics with statistical modeling, applying feature selection and dimensionality reduction to develop high‐performance linear regression models with strong predictive accuracy. Our framework also identifies key microbial groups driving oxygen consumption, including taxa known for their differential capabilities in DOM processing and recently shown to exhibit distinct respiration rates. Flavobacteriales emerge as central contributors to oxygen consumption, underscoring their ecological importance in nutrient‐rich, highly productive coastal systems often referred to as ‘green seas’. Their consistent dominance across varying oxygen consumption categories highlights their pivotal role in sustaining ecosystem functions in these environments. Beyond oxygen consumption, this framework provides a versatile tool for investigating microbially driven biogeochemical processes. By linking community composition with ecosystem functions, our study advances predictive microbial ecology. These findings deepen our understanding of microbial contributions to the ocean's carbon and oxygen cycles, improving our ability to anticipate their responses to environmental change.

39. 题目: Hydrogen Peroxide Promoted Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation of Humic Acid and Landfill Leachate with HNO3-modified Activated Carbon
文章编号: N25111210
期刊: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution
作者: Yanrong Peng, Fen Liu, Shufang Xiong
更新时间: 2025-11-12
摘要: Macromolecular humic acid (HA) is highly resistant to degradation in wastewater treatment system. Although catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) processes can degrade HA, they typically require relatively high temperatures (> 200 °C) to achieve effective degradation. In this study, the effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a radical promoter on the CWAO of HA was investigated using a catalyst of HNO3-modified activated carbon (ACNA). Compared with the conventional CWAO process, the addition of H2O2 (44% of the stoichiometric amount needed for complete mineralization of HA) significantly increased the degradation of HA. For example, under moderate conditions of 150 °C and 0.5 MPa O2, a 4-h treatment with H2O2 achieved a 97.9% reduction in absorbance at 436 nm (Abs436) and a 56.9% removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD). In contrast, the conventional system without H2O2 under the same conditions only reached an 82.4% reduction in Abs436 and a 39.8% removal of COD. In addition, adding H2O2 to the CWAO system (H2O2-CWAO) significantly enhanced the biodegradability of HA solution. For instance, the BOD5/COD ratio increased from 0.19 in the CWAO system to 0.68 in the H2O2-CWAO system. ACNA showed high stability during HA degradation in the H2O2-CWAO system, with only minor loss of activity (based on COD removal efficiency) over three cycles. Moreover, the effectiveness of this system was further demonstrated by treating stabilized landfill leachate, increasing the BOD5/COD ratio from 0.08 to 0.49.

40. 题目: Sequestration of Soil Organic and Inorganic Carbon by Dual-Enzymatically Induced Carbonate Precipitation
文章编号: N25111209
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Yuke Fan, Chonghao Jia, Qiangqiang Wei, Xiaokun Li, Christine V Putnis, Lijun Wang, Wenjun Zhang
更新时间: 2025-11-12
摘要: Urease-induced carbonate precipitation in calcareous soil holds great potential for soil inorganic carbon (SIC) formation and soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration. However, this process is limited by the slow hydration of carbon dioxide, which can be accelerated by carbonic anhydrase (CA). In this study, we present a novel approach where dual-enzyme (urease and CA) induced carbonate precipitation promotes the synergetic sequestration of SIC and SOC. We selected humic substance, such as humic acid (HA), as a natural SOC to investigate its role in regulating SIC formation and its fate in the dual-enzyme system. Our results demonstrate that the dual-enzyme synergistically enhances SIC sequestration by accelerating calcium carbonate precipitation. HA further enhances this effect by binding to urease and CA, altering their secondary structures. Notably, HA is sequestered by the calcium carbonate precipitates via its –COO^– and phenolic –OH. Additionally, while the dual-enzyme promotes soil aggregation, HA further enhances this process by promoting amorphous calcium carbonate formation, inhibiting its crystallization, and reducing calcite crystallinity. This study demonstrates the potential of dual-enzymically synergetic SIC and SOC sequestration and soil aggregate formation, offering a sustainable solution for mitigating global climate change and improving soil stability.